Research & Literature

Hemoglobin C Trait Provides Protection From Clinical Falciparum Malaria in Malian Children.

Travassos MA, Coulibaly D, Laurens MB, et al.

The Journal of infectious diseases 2015; (212(11)):1778-86 doi:10.1093/infdis/jiv308.

Cohort study of adult patients with haemoglobin SC disease: clinical characteristics and predictors of mortality.

Gualandro SF, Fonseca GH, Yokomizo IK, et al.

British journal of haematology 2015; (171(4)):631-7 doi:10.1111/bjh.13625.

The effects of exchange transfusion for prevention of complications during pregnancy of sickle hemoglobin C disease patients.

Benites BD, Benevides TC, Valente IS, et al.

Transfusion 2016; (56(1)):119-24 doi:10.1111/trf.13280.

Validation of a novel point of care testing device for sickle cell disease.

Kanter J, Telen MJ, Hoppe C, et al.

BMC medicine 2015; (13()):225 doi:10.1186/s12916-015-0473-6.

Effects of hydroxyurea treatment for patients with hemoglobin SC disease.

Luchtman-Jones L, Pressel S, Hilliard L, et al.

American journal of hematology 2016; (91(2)):238-42 doi:10.1002/ajh.24255.

Effects of hemoglobin C, D, E and S traits on measurements of hemoglobin A1c by twelve methods.

Rohlfing C, Hanson S, Weykamp C, et al.

Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry 2016; (455()):80-3.

Original Research: Use of hydroxyurea and phlebotomy in pediatric patients with hemoglobin SC disease.

Summarell CC, Sheehan VA

Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) 2016; (241(7)):737-44 doi:10.1177/1535370216639737.

Acute Splenic Sequestration Crisis in a 70-Year-Old Patient With Hemoglobin SC Disease.

Squiers JJ, Edwards AG, Parra A, Hofmann SL

Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports 2016; (4(1)):2324709616638363 doi:10.1177/2324709616638363.

Cardiopulmonary Bypass Strategy for a Cyanotic Child With Hemoglobin SC Disease.

Machovec KA, Jaquiss RD, Kaemmer DD, et al.

The Annals of thoracic surgery 2016; (101(6)):2373-5.

Pregnancy in sickle cell-haemoglobin C (SC) disease. A retrospective study of birth size and maternal weight gain.

Thame MM, Singh-Minott I, Osmond C, et al.

European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology 2016; (203()):16-9.

Five Rare β Globin Chain Hemoglobin Variants in India.

Colah RB, Nadkarni A, Gorakshakar A, et al.

Indian journal of hematology & blood transfusion : an official journal of Indian Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion 2016; (32(Suppl 1)):282-6 doi:10.1007/s12288-016-0676-9.

Management of Sickle Cell Disease in Children.

Noronha SA, Sadreameli SC, Strouse JJ

Southern medical journal 2016; (109(9)):495-502 doi:10.14423/SMJ.0000000000000523.

Ophthalmic Manifestations of Sickle Cell Disease.

Scott AW

Southern medical journal 2016; (109(9)):542-8 doi:10.14423/SMJ.0000000000000525.

A rapid, inexpensive and disposable point-of-care blood test for sickle cell disease using novel, highly specific monoclonal antibodies.

Quinn CT, Paniagua MC, DiNello RK, et al.

British journal of haematology 2016; (175(4)):724-732 doi:10.1111/bjh.14298.

Health-related quality of life and adherence to hydroxyurea in adolescents and young adults with sickle cell disease.

Badawy SM, Thompson AA, Lai JS, et al.

Pediatric blood & cancer 2017; (64(6)) doi:10.1002/pbc.26369.

Transcranial Doppler in hemoglobin SC disease.

Vieira C, de Oliveira CN, de Figueiredo LA, et al.

Pediatric blood & cancer 2017; (64(5)) doi:10.1002/pbc.26342.

Barriers to hydroxyurea adherence and health-related quality of life in adolescents and young adults with sickle cell disease.

Badawy SM, Thompson AA, Penedo FJ, et al.

European journal of haematology 2017; (98(6)):608-614 doi:10.1111/ejh.12878.

Hydroxyurea (hydroxycarbamide) for sickle cell disease.

Nevitt SJ, Jones AP, Howard J

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2017; (4()):CD002202 doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002202.pub2.

Genome-wide association study of erythrocyte density in sickle cell disease patients.

Ilboudo Y, Bartolucci P, Rivera A, et al.

Blood cells, molecules & diseases 2017; (65()):60-65 doi:10.1016/j.bcmd.2017.05.005.

Pancreatitis in the Setting of Vaso-occlusive Sickle Cell Crisis: A Rare Encounter.

Hasan B, Asif T, Braun C, et al.

Cureus 2017; (9(4)):e1193 doi:10.7759/cureus.1193.

The emerging challenge of optimal blood pressure management and hypertensive syndromes in pregnant women with sickle cell disease: a review.

Lari NF, DeBaun MR, Oppong SA

Expert review of hematology 2017; (10(11)):987-994 doi:10.1080/17474086.2017.1379895.

Association between sickle cell and β-thalassemia genes and hemoglobin concentration and anemia in children and non-pregnant women in Sierra Leone: ancillary analysis of data from Sierra Leone's 2013 National Micronutrient Survey.

Wirth JP, Ansumana R, Woodruff BA, et al.

BMC research notes 2018; (11(1)):43 doi:10.1186/s13104-018-3143-x.

C-Window Peaks on CE-HPLC are Extremely Rare in Northern India, and Only Infrequently Represent HbC.

Dass J, Mittal S, Saraf A, Kotwal J

Indian journal of hematology & blood transfusion : an official journal of Indian Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion 2018; (34(1)):91-96 doi:10.1007/s12288-017-0815-y.

Sickle cell dehydration: Pathophysiology and therapeutic applications.

Brugnara C

Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation 2018; (68(2-3)):187-204 doi:10.3233/CH-189007.

Proliferative retinopathy and maculopathy are two independent conditions in sickle cell disease: Is there a role of blood rheology?1.

Beral L, Lemonne N, Romana M, et al.

Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation 2019; (71(3)):337-345 doi:10.3233/CH-180412.

Hemoglobinosis C in Morocco : A report of 111 cas.

Ouzzif Z, El Maataoui A, Oukhedda N, et al.

La Tunisie medicale 2017; (95(12)):229-233.

Herbal Drug use in Sickle Cell Disease Management; Trends and Perspectives in Sub-Saharan Africa - A Systematic Review.

Okoh MP, Alli LA, Tolvanen MEE, Nwegbu MM

Current drug discovery technologies 2019; (16(4)):372-385 doi:10.2174/1570163815666181002101611.

Epidermolysis bullosa simplex-generalized severe type due to keratin 5 p.Glu477Lys mutation: Genotype-phenotype correlation and in silico modeling analysis.

Lalor L, Titeux M, Palisson F, et al.

Pediatric dermatology 2019; (36(1)):132-138 doi:10.1111/pde.13722.

Progressive Decline in Estimated GFR in Patients With Sickle Cell Disease: An Observational Cohort Study.

Derebail VK, Ciccone EJ, Zhou Q, et al.

American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation 2019; (74(1)):47-55 doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2018.12.027.

Assessment of iron status and interplay between lipid peroxidation and antioxidant capacity in common hemoglobin variants in Osun State, southwestern Nigeria.

Ajibola KA, Adedokun KA, Oduola T, et al.

The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences 2019; (35(6)):358-364 doi:10.1002/kjm2.12062.

Correlation of Ultra-Widefield Fluorescein Angiography and OCT Angiography in Sickle Cell Retinopathy.

Han IC, Linz MO, Liu TYA, et al.

Ophthalmology. Retina 2018; (2(6)):599-605 doi:10.1016/j.oret.2017.10.011.

The Effect of Antioxidants on the Properties of Red Blood Cells From Patients With Sickle Cell Anemia.

Al Balushi H, Hannemann A, Rees D, et al.

Frontiers in physiology 2019; (10()):976 doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.00976.

Complications in pregnant women with sickle cell disease.

Smith-Whitley K

Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program 2019; (2019(1)):359-366 doi:10.1182/hematology.2019000039.

Use of an automated pyrosequencing technique for confirmation of sickle cell disease.

de Martino CC, Alencar CS, Loureiro P, et al.

PloS one 2019; (14(12)):e0216020 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0216020.

Sickle cell disease: A distinction of two most frequent genotypes (HbSS and HbSC).

da Guarda CC, Yahouédéhou SCMA, Santiago RP, et al.

PloS one 2020; (15(1)):e0228399 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0228399.

Implementing newborn screening for sickle cell disease as part of immunisation programmes in Nigeria: a feasibility study.

Nnodu OE, Sopekan A, Nnebe-Agumadu U, et al.

The Lancet. Haematology 2020; (7(7)):e534-e540 doi:10.1016/S2352-3026(20)30143-5.

Acute compartment syndrome in a patient with sickle cell disease.

Cochrane E, Young S, Shariff Z

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 2020; (102(9)):e1-e2 doi:10.1308/rcsann.2020.0160.

Health-Related Quality of Life of Children and Adolescents with Sickle Cell Disease in the Middle East and North Africa Region: A systematic review.

Pandarakutty S, Murali K, Arulappan J, Al Sabei SD

Sultan Qaboos University medical journal 2020; (20(4)):e280-e289 doi:10.18295/squmj.2020.20.04.002.

Hemoglobin Genotypes Modulate Inflammatory Response to Plasmodium Infection.

Harp KO, Botchway F, Dei-Adomakoh Y, et al.

Frontiers in immunology 2020; (11()):593546 doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.593546.

Acute Splenic Sequestration Crisis in Hemoglobin SC Disease: Efficiency of Red Cell Exchange.

Vijayanarayanan A, Omosule AJ, Saad H, et al.

Cureus 2020; (12(12)):e12224 doi:10.7759/cureus.12224.

Evidence for Prophylactic Transfusion during Pregnancy for Women with Sickle Cell Disease.

Whittington JR, Magann EF, Ounpraseuth ST, et al.

Southern medical journal 2021; (114(4)):231-236 doi:10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001233.

Impact of a submaximal mono-articular exercise on the skeletal muscle function of patients with sickle cell disease.

Gouraud E, Connes P, Gauthier-Vasserot A, et al.

European journal of applied physiology 2021; (121(9)):2459-2470 doi:10.1007/s00421-021-04716-2.

Evaluation of interference from hemoglobin C, D, E and S traits on measurements of hemoglobin A1c by fifteen methods.

Rohlfing C, Hanson S, Estey MP, et al.

Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry 2021; (522()):31-35 doi:10.1016/j.cca.2021.07.027.

Unusually High Prevalence of Stroke and Cerebral Vasculopathy in Hemoglobin SC Disease: A Retrospective Single Institution Study.

Sathi BK, Yoshida Y, Weaver MR, et al.

Acta haematologica 2022; (145(2)):160-169 doi:10.1159/000519360.

Health-Related Quality of Life Among Patients With Sickle Cell Disease in an Adult Hematology Clinic in a Tertiary Hospital in Lagos, Nigeria.

Amaeshi L, Kalejaiye OO, Ogamba CF, et al.

Cureus 2022; (14(1)):e21377 doi:10.7759/cureus.21377.

Prevalence of Cardiovascular Complications in Individuals with Sickle Cell Anemia and Other Hemoglobinopathies: A Systematic Review.

Lopes A, Dantas MT, Ladeia AMT

Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia 2022; (119(6)):893-899 doi:10.36660/abc.20220207.

Most adults with severe HbSC disease are not treated with hydroxyurea.

Ghunney WK, Asare EV, Ayete-Nyampong JB, et al.

Blood advances 2023; (7(13)):3312-3319 doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2022009049.

Hemoglobinopathy is Associated With Total Hip Arthroplasty Indication Even Beyond Sickle Cell Anemia.

Rakutt MJ, Bracey DN, Cohen-Rosenblum A, et al.

Arthroplasty today 2023; (19()):101062 doi:10.1016/j.artd.2022.10.012.

Biomarkers of oxidative stress and its nexus with haemoglobin variants and adverse foeto-maternal outcome among women with preeclampsia in a Ghanaian population: A multi-centre prospective study.

Abdul G, Osei-Wusu W, Asare GA, et al.

PloS one 2023; (18(3)):e0283638 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0283638.

Compound heterozygosity for Hb C/Hb S (HBB: c.19G>A/HBB: c.20A>T) diseases observed in a Syrian family: a case report.

Moassas F, Daboul A, Assád M, Murad H

Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) 2023; (85(4)):1184-1187 doi:10.1097/MS9.0000000000000386.

Inherited disorders of hemoglobin: A review of old and new diagnostic methods.

Franco E, Karkoska KA, McGann PT

Blood cells, molecules & diseases 2024; (104()):102758 doi:10.1016/j.bcmd.2023.102758.

Global, regional, and national prevalence and mortality burden of sickle cell disease, 2000-2021: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

The Lancet. Haematology 2023; (10(8)):e585-e599 doi:10.1016/S2352-3026(23)00118-7.

Psychosocial and mental profile of children with sickle cell disease and their caregivers.

Ebeid FSE, Mokhtar GM, Zaky EA, et al.

Pediatric hematology and oncology 2024; (41(1)):15-29 doi:10.1080/08880018.2023.2261975.

Comparison of HbA2 Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography Versus Haemoglobin Capillary Zone Electrophoresis.

Kaur G, Tyagi S, Seth T, et al.

Indian journal of hematology & blood transfusion : an official journal of Indian Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion 2023; (39(4)):572-578 doi:10.1007/s12288-023-01648-z.

Tractional Retinal Detachment Related to Hemoglobin C Trait Retinopathy: A Case Report.

Garrell-Salat X, Garcia-Arumi C, Bertolani Y, et al.

Turkish journal of ophthalmology 2023; (53(5)):318-321 doi:10.4274/tjo.galenos.2023.48672.

Thrombosis risk with haemoglobin C trait and haemoglobin C disease: A systematic review.

Jacobs JW, Sharma D, Stephens LD, et al.

British journal of haematology 2024; (204(4)):1500-1506 doi:10.1111/bjh.19313.

Regional Prevalence of Hemoglobin C Across Saudi Arabia: An Epidemiological Survey.

Aljabry M, Sulimani S, Alotaibi G, et al.

Journal of epidemiology and global health 2024; (14(2)):298-303 doi:10.1007/s44197-024-00193-w.

Rod-Shaped Hemoglobin Crystals: Clues to the Diagnosis of Hemoglobin C Disease.

Xu K, Zhao J, Dramé BSI, et al.

Indian journal of hematology & blood transfusion : an official journal of Indian Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion 2024; (40(2)):368-369 doi:10.1007/s12288-023-01713-7.

Hemoglobin C Disorder in Anemic Patients Referred to the National Center for Thalassemia and Genetic Counseling in Damascus.

Ahmad A, Fattoum K, Imam W, et al.

International journal of hematology-oncology and stem cell research 2024; (18(2)):183-191 doi:10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i2.15376.

An incidental finding of a hemoglobin E variant in a diabetic patient with an abnormal glycated hemoglobin level: a case report.

Karki R, Lamichhane S, Jha R, Manandhar R

Journal of medical case reports 2024; (18(1)):279 doi:10.1186/s13256-024-04518-y.

The clinical spectrum of HbSC sickle cell disease-not a benign condition.

Nelson M, Noisette L, Pugh N, et al.

British journal of haematology 2024; (205(2)):653-663 doi:10.1111/bjh.19523.

Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Hemoglobinopathies Using Complete Blood Count Data.

Schipper A, Rutten M, van Gammeren A, et al.

Clinical chemistry 2024; (70(8)):1064-1075 doi:10.1093/clinchem/hvae081.

6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase 2 bridges the OPP and shikimate pathways to enhance aromatic amino acid production in plants.

Tang Q, Huang Y, Shen Z, et al.

Science China. Life sciences 2024; (67(11)):2488-2498 doi:10.1007/s11427-024-2567-4.

Uncommon Presentation of Hypersplenism in Adult Sickle Cell Disease Patients: A Rare Case Report.

Qureshi A, Kasbawala K, Santos MT, et al.

The American journal of case reports 2024; (25()):e944693 doi:10.12659/AJCR.944693.

Hydroxyurea for Children and Adults with Hemoglobin SC Disease.

Dei-Adomakoh YA, Segbefia CI, Latham TS, et al.

NEJM evidence 2025; (4(2)):EVIDoa2400402 doi:10.1056/EVIDoa2400402.

Clinical and laboratory risk factors for sickle cell retinopathy and maculopathy: a scoping review of the current evidence.

Brandsen RP, Diederen RMH, Kocabas G, et al.

Haematologica 2025; (110(5)):1092-1104 doi:10.3324/haematol.2024.286420.

Exploring the impact of stigma on health-related quality of life among individuals with sickle cell disease: a moderated mediation analysis of distress and social support.

Onu DU, Nnadozie EE, Obi-Keguna CN, Igwe EJ

Psychology, health & medicine 2025; (30(6)):1246-1265 doi:10.1080/13548506.2024.2447009.

Investigation of Sickle Cell Retinopathy in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients Enrolled in a Large Cohort Study.

Smith BD, Hankins JS, Kang G, et al.

Ophthalmology 2025; (132(8)):911-920 doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.03.031.

Evaluation of low-cost techniques to detect sickle cell disease and β-thalassemia: an open-label, international, multicentre study.

Shrestha P, Lohse H, Bhatla C, et al.

The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia 2025; (35()):100571 doi:10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100571.

A novel mouse model of hemoglobin SC disease reveals mechanisms underlying beneficial effects of hydroxyurea.

Setayesh T, Chi M, Oestreicher Z, et al.

Blood 2025; (146(1)):13-28 doi:10.1182/blood.2024028136.

Newly Diagnosed Hemoglobin SC Disease Presenting With Choledocholithiasis With Acute Obstructive Cholangitis: A Case Report.

Tran DT, Youn JJ, Thompson G

Cureus 2025; (17(5)):e84040 doi:10.7759/cureus.84040.

Gene therapy for HbSC disease and other compound heterozygous sickle hemoglobinopathies: a time for inclusion.

Wilks A, Steinberg MH, Frangoul H

Blood 2025; (146(20)):2385-2391 doi:10.1182/blood.2025029964.

Simultaneous bilateral branch retinal artery occlusion as a manifestation of sickle cell crisis: diagnostic and therapeutic implications.

Sousa Gonçalves M, Aerts F, Beltran B

BMJ case reports 2025; (18(8)) doi:10.1136/bcr-2025-267532.

[Diagnosis of non-autoimmune hemolysis in the adult].

Ruivard M, Michel M, Garçon L

La Revue de medecine interne 2025; (46(12)):725-732 doi:10.1016/j.revmed.2025.08.001.

Challenges Associated with the Identification of Abnormal Hemoglobin Variants Utilizing the High-performance Liquid Chromatograph Technique: A Prospective Study in a Hospital Setting in Gujarat.

Anandani G, Motiani A, Goswami P, Sonagra A

International journal of applied & basic medical research 2025; (15(3)):197-205 doi:10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_70_25.

Hemoglobin C Disease With Splenomegaly and With Factor II Mutation Gene Thrombophilia: A Case Report.

Vázquez-Folch SJ, Jiménez-Berríos GA, Izquierdo N, Vazquez VJ

Cureus 2025; (17(9)):e91937 doi:10.7759/cureus.91937.

Proactive management to improve outcomes of high-risk pregnancy in people with sickle cell disease.

Obadina MA, Pecker LH

Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program 2025; (2025(1)):511-522 doi:10.1182/hematology.2025000744.

Bilateral Peripheral Neovascularization in Hemoglobin C Trait Retinopathy.

Jabara J, West B, Govindaraju VK, Faia LJ

Journal of vitreoretinal diseases 2026; 24741264251400701 doi:10.1177/24741264251400701.

Atypical Overt Hemorrhagic Stroke in an Adult With Sickle Cell-Hemoglobin C Disease: A Report of a Rare Case.

Manjrekar NS, Preisig AM, Singh C, Rezwan M

Cureus 2026; (18(1)):e100573 doi:10.7759/cureus.100573.