Research & Literature

The Natural History of Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Differentiated Type: Evidence for Progression and Diagnostic Challenges.

Bigby SM, Eva LJ, Fong KL, Jones RW

International journal of gynecological pathology : official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Pathologists 2016; (35(6)):574-584 doi:10.1097/PGP.0000000000000280.

Pathologic features of anogenital precancerous high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (squamous cell carcinoma in situ).

Xue R, Elbendary A, Valdebran M, et al.

Journal of cutaneous pathology 2016; (43(9)):735-9 doi:10.1111/cup.12732.

Medical and Surgical Treatments for Usual-Type Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia.

Lawrie TA, Nordin A, Chakrabarti M

JAMA oncology 2016; (2(12)):1647-1648 doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.2430.

The Prevalence of Lichen Sclerosus in Patients With Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Davick JJ, Samuelson M, Krone JT, Stockdale CK

International journal of gynecological pathology : official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Pathologists 2017; (36(4)):305-309 doi:10.1097/PGP.0000000000000341.

2016 European guideline for the management of vulval conditions.

van der Meijden WI, Boffa MJ, Ter Harmsel WA, et al.

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV 2017; (31(6)):925-941 doi:10.1111/jdv.14096.

HPV-independent Differentiated Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia (dVIN) is Associated With an Aggressive Clinical Course.

McAlpine JN, Kim SY, Akbari A, et al.

International journal of gynecological pathology : official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Pathologists 2017; (36(6)):507-516 doi:10.1097/PGP.0000000000000375.

Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: Risk factors for recurrence.

Satmary W, Holschneider CH, Brunette LL, Natarajan S

Gynecologic oncology 2018; (148(1)):126-131 doi:10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.10.029.

Accentuated p53 staining in usual type vulvar dysplasia-A potential diagnostic pitfall.

Jeffreys M, Jeffus SK, Herfs M, Quick CM

Pathology, research and practice 2018; (214(1)):76-79 doi:10.1016/j.prp.2017.11.009.

The Role of Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia.

Tosti G, Iacobone AD, Preti EP, et al.

Biomedicines 2018; (6(1)) doi:10.3390/biomedicines6010013.

Increased risk of HPV-associated genital cancers in men and women as a consequence of pre-invasive disease.

Pan J, Kavanagh K, Cuschieri K, et al.

International journal of cancer 2019; (145(2)):427-434 doi:10.1002/ijc.32126.

Wound Complication Rates After Vulvar Excisions for Premalignant Lesions.

Mullen MM, Merfeld EC, Palisoul ML, et al.

Obstetrics and gynecology 2019; (133(4)):658-665 doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000003185.

Effect of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine to Interrupt Recurrence of Vulvar and Anal Neoplasia (VIVA): A Trial Protocol.

Stankiewicz Karita HC, Hauge K, Magaret A, et al.

JAMA network open 2019; (2(4)):e190819 doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.0819.

Margin status revisited in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma.

Te Grootenhuis NC, Pouwer AW, de Bock GH, et al.

Gynecologic oncology 2019; (154(2)):266-275 doi:10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.05.010.

Lidocaine-Prilocaine Cream Compared With Injected Lidocaine for Vulvar Biopsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Williams LK, Weber JM, Pieper C, et al.

Obstetrics and gynecology 2020; (135(2)):311-318 doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000003660.

Precursor lesions of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma - histology and biomarkers: A systematic review.

Dasgupta S, Ewing-Graham PC, Swagemakers SMA, et al.

Critical reviews in oncology/hematology 2020; (147()):102866 doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.102866.

Clonal Relationship Between Lichen Sclerosus, Differentiated Vulvar Intra-epithelial Neoplasia and Non HPV-related Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Pouwer AW, VAN DEN Einden LCG, VAN DER Linden M, et al.

Cancer genomics & proteomics 2020; (17(2)):151-160 doi:10.21873/cgp.20175.

Somatic Mutation Profiling in Premalignant Lesions of Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Zięba S, Pouwer AW, Kowalik A, et al.

International journal of molecular sciences 2020; (21(14)) doi:10.3390/ijms21144880.

Molecular characterization of invasive and in situ squamous neoplasia of the vulva and implications for morphologic diagnosis and outcome.

Tessier-Cloutier B, Pors J, Thompson E, et al.

Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc 2021; (34(2)):508-518 doi:10.1038/s41379-020-00651-3.

Comparison of p53 immunohistochemical staining in differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (dVIN) with that in inflammatory dermatoses and benign squamous lesions in the vulva.

Liu YA, Ji JX, Almadani N, et al.

Histopathology 2021; (78(3)):424-433 doi:10.1111/his.14238.

Management of Vulvar Cancer Precursors: A Survey of the International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease.

Green N, Adedipe T, Dmytryshyn J, et al.

Journal of lower genital tract disease 2020; (24(4)):387-391 doi:10.1097/LGT.0000000000000559.

[Update on precursors of vulvar carcinoma].

Guillon S, Cavadias I, Brun P, et al.

Gynecologie, obstetrique, fertilite & senologie 2021; (49(6)):538-546 doi:10.1016/j.gofs.2020.11.002.

p53 and p16 expression profiles in vulvar cancer: a translational analysis by the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynäkologische Onkologie Chemo and Radiotherapy in Epithelial Vulvar Cancer study group.

Woelber L, Prieske K, Eulenburg C, et al.

American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 2021; (224(6)):595.e1-595.e11 doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2020.12.1220.

Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Review of the Disease and Current Management.

Dockery LE, Soper JT

Obstetrical & gynecological survey 2021; (76(1)):55-62 doi:10.1097/OGX.0000000000000857.

[Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasias].

Plantier F

Annales de pathologie 2022; (42(1)):58-67 doi:10.1016/j.annpat.2021.02.014.

Treatment Options in Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: A Scoping Review.

Singh N, Mishra N, Ghatage P

Cureus 2021; (13(2)):e13527 doi:10.7759/cureus.13527.

The Vulvar Cancer Risk in Differentiated Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Systematic Review.

Voss FO, Thuijs NB, Vermeulen RFM, et al.

Cancers 2021; (13(24)) doi:10.3390/cancers13246170.

Risk of Development of Vulvar Cancer in Women With Lichen Sclerosus or Lichen Planus: A Systematic Review.

Vieira-Baptista P, Pérez-López FR, López-Baena MT, et al.

Journal of lower genital tract disease 2022; (26(3)):250-257 doi:10.1097/LGT.0000000000000673.

Topical imiquimod versus surgery for vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: a multicentre, randomised, phase 3, non-inferiority trial.

Trutnovsky G, Reich O, Joura EA, et al.

Lancet (London, England) 2022; (399(10337)):1790-1798 doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00469-X.

Combination of surgery and laser for the treatment of extensive VIN3 and vulval condyloma: A case report.

Farzaneh F, Khalili L, Rakhshani N, et al.

Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) 2022; (78()):103763 doi:10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103763.

Vulval Intraepithelial Neoplasia 3: A Clinico-Pathological Review in a Tertiary Care Centre Over 10 Years.

Bassetty KC, Thomas A, Chandy RG, et al.

Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology of India 2022; (72(Suppl 1)):334-339 doi:10.1007/s13224-022-01659-2.

Significance of p53 and presence of differentiated vulvar intra-epithelial neoplasia (dVIN) at resection margin in early stage human papillomavirus-independent vulvar squamous cell carcinoma.

Thompson EF, Shum K, Wong RWC, et al.

International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society 2022; (32(10)):1229-1235 doi:10.1136/ijgc-2022-003763.

Mass Spectrometry Proteomic Analysis of Four p53 Patterns in Differentiated Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia.

Jamaluddin MFB, Day T, Tanwar PS, et al.

Journal of lower genital tract disease 2023; (27(2)):146-151 doi:10.1097/LGT.0000000000000720.

GATA3 immunohistochemistry as a diagnostic adjunct for differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: utility and limitations.

Zare SY, Fard EV, Fadare O

Human pathology 2023; (139()):55-64 doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2023.07.005.

High-grade vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: comprehensive characterization and long-term vulvar carcinoma risk.

Thuijs NB, van Beurden M, Duin S, et al.

Histopathology 2024; (84(2)):301-314 doi:10.1111/his.15050.

Aesthetic Outcome and Psychosexual Distress After Treatment for Vulvar High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions.

Trutnovsky G, Holter M, Gold D, et al.

Journal of lower genital tract disease 2024; (28(1)):48-53 doi:10.1097/LGT.0000000000000785.

Examining the Association between Abstinence from Smoking and Healthcare Costs among Patients with Cancer.

Kypriotakis G, Kim S, Karam-Hage M, et al.

Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) 2024; (17(5)):217-225 doi:10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-23-0245.

The vulvar microbiome in lichen sclerosus and high-grade intraepithelial lesions.

Pagan L, Huisman BW, van der Wurff M, et al.

Frontiers in microbiology 2023; (14()):1264768 doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1264768.

Multicentricity and the Risk of Recurrence/Persistence After Laser Vaporization for High-Grade Vulvar and Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia.

Boonlikit S, Tangterdchanakit P

World journal of oncology 2024; (15(1)):90-99 doi:10.14740/wjon1743.

Differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia long-term follow up and prognostic factors: An analysis of a large historical cohort.

Gallio N, Preti M, Jones RW, et al.

Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica 2024; (103(6)):1175-1182 doi:10.1111/aogs.14814.

Incidence and Risk Factors for Recurrence and Progression of HPV-Independent Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia.

Voss FO, van Beurden M, Veelders KJ, et al.

Journal of lower genital tract disease 2024; (28(2)):153-159 doi:10.1097/LGT.0000000000000794.

Typing of Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Why it is Important?

Alfaraidi M, Gilks CB, Hoang L

Advances in anatomic pathology 2025; (32(1)):20-29 doi:10.1097/PAP.0000000000000466.

Role of Immunohistochemical Analysis of p16 and p53 in Vulvar Carcinoma.

Choschzick M, Gut A, Hoesli L, Stergiou C

International journal of gynecological pathology : official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Pathologists 2025; (44(4)):308-313 doi:10.1097/PGP.0000000000001077.

Expression of CK17 and SOX2 in Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Comprehensive Analysis of 150 Vulvar Lesions.

Thuijs NB, Voss FO, Ewing-Graham PC, et al.

Cancers 2024; (16(23)) doi:10.3390/cancers16233966.

Psychological distress among cancer patients in African countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis study.

Kibralew G, Wassie YA, Kelebie M, et al.

BMC psychology 2025; (13(1)):128 doi:10.1186/s40359-025-02447-z.

Vulval Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A 15-Year Review of Treatment Outcomes in a UK Centre.

McGowan MA, Haldar K, Pathiraja P, et al.

Cureus 2025; (17(10)):e95074 doi:10.7759/cureus.95074.

Precancerous Squamous Lesions of the Vulva.

Welch KC, Haefner HK, Saunders NA

Obstetrics and gynecology 2025; doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000006150.

Nonavalent HPV vaccine to prevent recurrent anal or vulvar high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (VIVA trial): A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Stankiewicz Karita HC, Magaret AS, Doody DR, et al.

International journal of cancer 2026; (158(11)):2983-2994 doi:10.1002/ijc.70366.