Research & Literature

Tranilast reduces serum IL-6 and IL-13 and protects against thioacetamide-induced acute liver injury and hepatic encephalopathy.

Abdelaziz RR, Elkashef WF, Said E

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology 2015; (40(1)):259-67.

Continuous Veno-Venous Hemodiafiltration and Plasma Exchange in Infantile Acute Liver Failure.

Ide K, Muguruma T, Shinohara M, et al.

Pediatric critical care medicine : a journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies 2015; (16(8)):e268-74 doi:10.1097/PCC.0000000000000511.

High-volume plasma exchange in patients with acute liver failure: An open randomised controlled trial.

Larsen FS, Schmidt LE, Bernsmeier C, et al.

Journal of hepatology 2016; (64(1)):69-78.

Qualifying and quantifying minimal hepatic encephalopathy.

Morgan MY, Amodio P, Cook NA, et al.

Metabolic brain disease 2016; (31(6)):1217-1229 doi:10.1007/s11011-015-9726-5.

The changing face of liver transplantation for acute liver failure: Assessment of current status and implications for future practice.

Donnelly MC, Hayes PC, Simpson KJ

Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society 2016; (22(4)):527-35 doi:10.1002/lt.24403.

Acute-on-chronic liver failure: terminology, mechanisms and management.

Sarin SK, Choudhury A

Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology 2016; (13(3)):131-49 doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2015.219.

Auxiliary Liver Transplantation for Acute Liver Failure.

Shanmugam NP, Al-Lawati T, Kelgeri C, Rela M

Indian pediatrics 2016; (53(1)):67-9 doi:10.1007/s13312-016-0795-2.

The Pathology of Acute Liver Failure.

Lefkowitch JH

Advances in anatomic pathology 2016; (23(3)):144-58 doi:10.1097/PAP.0000000000000112.

Effect of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy on Outcome in Pediatric Acute Liver Failure.

Deep A, Stewart CE, Dhawan A, Douiri A

Critical care medicine 2016; (44(10)):1910-9 doi:10.1097/CCM.0000000000001826.

Ammonia Level and Mortality in Acute Liver Failure: A Single-Center Experience.

Niranjan-Azadi AM, Araz F, Patel YA, et al.

Annals of transplantation 2016; (21()):479-83 doi:10.12659/aot.898901.

Current status of auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation for acute liver failure.

Bismuth H

Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society 2017; (23(5)):710 doi:10.1002/lt.24694.

Acute liver failure in Scotland: changes in aetiology and outcomes over time (the Scottish Look-Back Study).

Donnelly MC, Davidson JS, Martin K, et al.

Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 2017; (45(6)):833-843 doi:10.1111/apt.13943.

EASL Clinical Practical Guidelines on the management of acute (fulminant) liver failure.

, , Wendon, J, et al.

Journal of hepatology 2017; (66(5)):1047-1081 doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2016.12.003.

Role of N-acetylcysteine treatment in non-acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure: A prospective study.

Nabi T, Nabi S, Rafiq N, Shah A

Saudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association 2017; (23(3)):169-175 doi:10.4103/1319-3767.207711.

HMGB1 and Extracellular Histones Significantly Contribute to Systemic Inflammation and Multiple Organ Failure in Acute Liver Failure.

Yang R, Zou X, Tenhunen J, Tønnessen TI

Mediators of inflammation 2017; (2017()):5928078 doi:10.1155/2017/5928078.

Continuous renal replacement therapy is associated with reduced serum ammonia levels and mortality in acute liver failure.

Cardoso FS, Gottfried M, Tujios S, et al.

Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 2018; (67(2)):711-720 doi:10.1002/hep.29488.

Editorial: Severe Acute Liver Injury: Cause Connects to Outcome.

Argo CK, Caldwell SH

The American journal of gastroenterology 2017; (112(9)):1397-1399 doi:10.1038/ajg.2017.221.

Acute Liver Failure.

Bunchorntavakul C, Reddy KR

Clinics in liver disease 2017; (21(4)):769-792 doi:10.1016/j.cld.2017.06.002.

Systematic review: non A-E, seronegative or indeterminate hepatitis; what is this deadly disease?

Brennan PN, Donnelly MC, Simpson KJ

Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 2018; (47(8)):1079-1091 doi:10.1111/apt.14566.

Living Donor Liver Transplantation in Acute Liver Failure Patients with Grade IV Encephalopathy: Is Deep Hepatic Coma Still an Absolute Contraindication? A Successful Single-Center Experience.

Yang HR, Thorat A, Jeng LB, et al.

Annals of transplantation 2018; (23()):176-181.

Living Donor Liver Transplantation for Wilson's Disease Associated with Fulminant Hepatic Failure: A Case Report.

Huang Y, Takatsuki M, Soyama A, et al.

The American journal of case reports 2018; (19()):304-308 doi:10.12659/ajcr.907494.

Drug-Induced Liver Injury: An Institutional Case Series and Review of Literature.

Gayam V, Khalid M, Shrestha B, et al.

Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports 2018; (6()):2324709618761754 doi:10.1177/2324709618761754.

Nonacetaminophen Drug-Induced Acute Liver Failure.

Thomas AM, Lewis JH

Clinics in liver disease 2018; (22(2)):301-324 doi:10.1016/j.cld.2018.01.006.

Acetaminophen (APAP or N-Acetyl-p-Aminophenol) and Acute Liver Failure.

Bunchorntavakul C, Reddy KR

Clinics in liver disease 2018; (22(2)):325-346 doi:10.1016/j.cld.2018.01.007.

Liver Transplantation for Acute Liver Failure.

Olivo R, Guarrera JV, Pyrsopoulos NT

Clinics in liver disease 2018; (22(2)):409-417 doi:10.1016/j.cld.2018.01.014.

Modern Management of Acute Liver Failure.

Khan R, Koppe S

Gastroenterology clinics of North America 2018; (47(2)):313-326 doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2018.01.005.

A case report of full recovery from severe cerebral edema secondary to acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in a 13 year old girl.

Austin EB, Hobbs H, Crouse BA, Lobos AT

BMC pediatrics 2018; (18(1)):247 doi:10.1186/s12887-018-1233-5.

Auxiliary Partial Orthotopic Liver Transplantation for Noncirrhotic Metabolic Liver Disease: Reigniting Interest in an Old but New Technique.

Kasahara M, Sakamoto S, Horikawa R, Fukuda A

Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society 2019; (25(1)):12-13 doi:10.1002/lt.25388.

Auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation for acute liver failure.

Shrivastav M, Rammohan A, Reddy MS, Rela M

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 2019; (101(3)):e71-e72 doi:10.1308/rcsann.2018.0204.

Analysis of 307 cases with drug-induced liver injury between 2010 and 2018 in Japan.

Aiso M, Takikawa H, Tsuji K, et al.

Hepatology research : the official journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology 2019; (49(1)):105-110 doi:10.1111/hepr.13288.

Auxiliary Liver Transplantation as a Transient Treatment for Acute Liver Failure: Two Cases.

Perdigoto DN, Tomé L, Diogo D, et al.

GE Portuguese journal of gastroenterology 2018; (26(1)):54-58 doi:10.1159/000487155.

The incidence, etiologies, outcomes, and predictors of mortality of acute liver failure in Thailand: a population-base study.

Thanapirom K, Treeprasertsuk S, Soonthornworasiri N, et al.

BMC gastroenterology 2019; (19(1)):18 doi:10.1186/s12876-019-0935-y.

Patients With Acute on Chronic Liver Failure Grade 3 Have Greater 14-Day Waitlist Mortality Than Status-1a Patients.

Sundaram V, Shah P, Wong RJ, et al.

Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 2019; (70(1)):334-345 doi:10.1002/hep.30624.

Managing the patient with acute liver failure.

Cardoso FS, Karvellas CJ

Clinical liver disease 2017; (9(4)):89-93 doi:10.1002/cld.628.

Neurological Monitoring in Acute Liver Failure.

Reynolds AS, Brush B, Schiano TD, et al.

Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 2019; (70(5)):1830-1835 doi:10.1002/hep.30760.

Beyond Lactulose: Treatment Options for Hepatic Encephalopathy.

Said VJ, Garcia-Trujillo E

Gastroenterology nursing : the official journal of the Society of Gastroenterology Nurses and Associates 2019; (42(3)):277-285 doi:10.1097/SGA.0000000000000376.

Evaluation and treatment of acetaminophen toxicity.

Fisher ES, Curry SC

Advances in pharmacology (San Diego, Calif.) 2019; (85()):263-272 doi:10.1016/bs.apha.2018.12.004.

Epidemiology and outcomes of acute liver failure in Australia.

Hey P, Hanrahan TP, Sinclair M, et al.

World journal of hepatology 2019; (11(7)):586-595 doi:10.4254/wjh.v11.i7.586.

Acute Liver Failure Secondary to Drug-Induced Liver Injury.

Chayanupatkul M, Schiano TD

Clinics in liver disease 2020; (24(1)):75-87 doi:10.1016/j.cld.2019.09.005.

Severe liver injury due to herbal and dietary supplements and the role of liver transplantation.

Grewal P, Ahmad J

World journal of gastroenterology 2019; (25(46)):6704-6712 doi:10.3748/wjg.v25.i46.6704.

Intensive Care Management of Acute Liver Failure: Considerations While Awaiting Liver Transplantation.

Seetharam A

Journal of clinical and translational hepatology 2019; (7(4)):384-391 doi:10.14218/JCTH.2019.00032.

Acute Liver Failure (ALF) in Pregnancy: How Much Is Pregnancy Related?

Casey LC, Fontana RJ, Aday A, et al.

Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 2020; (72(4)):1366-1377 doi:10.1002/hep.31144.

Cerebral edema and liver disease: Classic perspectives and contemporary hypotheses on mechanism.

Liotta EM, Kimberly WT

Neuroscience letters 2020; (721()):134818 doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134818.

Drug-induced liver injury in pregnancy.

Lao TT

Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology 2020; (68()):32-43 doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2020.03.005.

Absolutely FABulous? FABP-1 in Non-acetaminophen-related Acute Liver Failure.

Cavazza A, McPhail MJ

Digestive diseases and sciences 2021; (66(1)):10-11 doi:10.1007/s10620-020-06256-9.

Infectious complications and timing for liver transplantation in autoimmune acute liver failure in Japan: a subanalysis based on nationwide surveys between 2010 and 2015.

Fujiwara K, Nakayama N, Kato N, et al.

Journal of gastroenterology 2020; (55(9)):888-898 doi:10.1007/s00535-020-01699-3.

Therapeutic plasma exchange in acute on chronic liver failure.

Stahl K, Busch M, Fuge J, et al.

Journal of clinical apheresis 2020; (35(4)):316-327 doi:10.1002/jca.21799.

Liver Transplant in Acute Liver Failure - Looking Back Over 10 Years.

Mallick S, Nair K, Thillai M, et al.

Journal of clinical and experimental hepatology 2020; (10(4)):322-328 doi:10.1016/j.jceh.2019.10.005.

Baicalin promotes liver regeneration after acetaminophen-induced liver injury by inducing NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Shi L, Zhang S, Huang Z, et al.

Free radical biology & medicine 2020; (160()):163-177 doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.05.012.

Acute Liver Failure of Non-A-E Viral Hepatitis Etiology-Profile, Prognosis, and Predictors of Outcome.

Shalimar , Acharya SK, Kumar R, et al.

Journal of clinical and experimental hepatology 2020; (10(5)):453-461 doi:10.1016/j.jceh.2019.12.008.

Indian National Association for the Study of Liver Consensus Statement on Acute Liver Failure (Part-2): Management of Acute Liver Failure.

Anand AC, Nandi B, Acharya SK, et al.

Journal of clinical and experimental hepatology 2020; (10(5)):477-517 doi:10.1016/j.jceh.2020.04.011.

Drug induced liver injury: from pathogenesis to liver transplantation.

Germani G, Battistella S, Ulinici D, et al.

Minerva gastroenterology 2021; (67(1)):50-64 doi:10.23736/S2724-5985.20.02795-6.

A dopamine-precursor-based nanoprodrug for in-situ drug release and treatment of acute liver failure by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and facilitating liver regeneration.

Zhan C, Lin G, Huang Y, et al.

Biomaterials 2021; (268()):120573 doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120573.

N-acetylcysteine for non-paracetamol (acetaminophen)-related acute liver failure.

Siu JT, Nguyen T, Turgeon RD

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2020; (12()):CD012123 doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012123.pub2.

Hepatic Encephalopathy: Diagnosis and Management.

Ridola L, Faccioli J, Nardelli S, et al.

Journal of translational internal medicine 2020; (8(4)):210-219 doi:10.2478/jtim-2020-0034.

Neurological complications after living-donor liver transplantation in children.

Kanamori K, Kubota M, Sakamoto S, et al.

Brain & development 2021; (43(5)):637-643 doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2021.01.002.

Safety of High-Volume Plasmapheresis in Children With Acute Liver Failure.

Jørgensen MH, Rasmussen A, Christensen VB, et al.

Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition 2021; (72(6)):815-819 doi:10.1097/MPG.0000000000003108.

Impact of Duration of N-Acetylcysteine in Non-Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Failure.

Bass SN, Lumpkin M, Mireles-Cabodevila E, et al.

Critical care explorations 2021; (3(5)):e0411 doi:10.1097/CCE.0000000000000411.

Plasma Exchange in Acute and Acute on Chronic Liver Failure.

Maiwall R, Sarin SK

Seminars in liver disease 2021; (41(4)):476-494 doi:10.1055/s-0041-1730971.

Ultrastructural and Immunohistochemical Diagnosis of a Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Infection Presenting as Fulminant Hepatitis: A Case Report.

Papa V, Salfi NCM, Costa R, et al.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2022; (1369()):93-100 doi:10.1007/5584_2021_659.

Transcriptional Analysis of Liver Tissue Identifies Distinct Phenotypes of Indeterminate Pediatric Acute Liver Failure.

Chapin CA, Taylor SA, Malladi P, et al.

Hepatology communications 2021; (5(8)):1373-1384 doi:10.1002/hep4.1726.

Novel predictors for liver transplantation or death in drug-induced acute liver failure.

Weber S, Woischke C, Denk G, Gerbes AL

European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology 2022; (34(4)):422-425 doi:10.1097/MEG.0000000000002272.

Reversible Leukoencephalopathy in a Man with Childhood-onset Hyperornithinemia-Hyperammonemia-Homocitrullinuria Syndrome.

Hoshino Y, Kodaira M, Matsuno A, et al.

Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2022; (61(4)):553-557 doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.7843-21.

Life expectancy without a transplant for status 1A liver transplant candidates.

Wood NL, VanDerwerken DN, King EA, et al.

American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons 2022; (22(1)):274-278 doi:10.1111/ajt.16830.

The NLRP3 inflammasome mediates liver failure by activating procaspase-1 and pro-IL-1 β and regulating downstream CD40-CD40L signaling.

Li Z, Jiang J

The Journal of international medical research 2021; (49(9)):3000605211036845 doi:10.1177/03000605211036845.

Therapeutic plasma exchange in liver failure.

Chris-Olaiya A, Kapoor A, Ricci KS, Lindenmeyer CC

World journal of hepatology 2021; (13(8)):904-915 doi:10.4254/wjh.v13.i8.904.

Plasmin drives burn-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome.

Gibson BHY, Wollenman CC, Moore-Lotridge SN, et al.

JCI insight 2021; (6(23)).

N-acetylcysteine for non-acetaminophen induced acute liver failure: A review.

Jiang SX, Hussaini T, Yoshida EM

Saudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association 2022; (28(2)):85-91 doi:10.4103/sjg.sjg_406_21.

Acute liver failure.

Vasques F, Cavazza A, Bernal W

Current opinion in critical care 2022; (28(2)):198-207 doi:10.1097/MCC.0000000000000923.

Proteomics Indicates Lactate Dehydrogenase Is Prognostic in Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Failure Patients and Reveals Altered Signaling Pathways.

Vazquez JH, Kennon-McGill S, Byrum SD, et al.

Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology 2022; (187(1)):25-34 doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfac015.

Acute Liver Failure in Children.

Sabapathy DG, Desai MS

Pediatric clinics of North America 2022; (69(3)):465-495 doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2022.02.003.

The Evolution of the MELD Score and Its Implications in Liver Transplant Allocation: A Beginner's Guide for Trainees.

Trivedi HD

ACG case reports journal 2022; (9(5)):e00763 doi:10.14309/crj.0000000000000763.

What you need to know about: acute liver failure.

Matthewman MC, Warrillow S

British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005) 2022; (83(9)):1-11 doi:10.12968/hmed.2022.0051.

Effectiveness of High-Volume Therapeutic Plasma Exchange for Acute and Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure in Korean Pediatric Patients.

Lim H, Kang Y, Park S, Koh H

Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition 2022; (25(6)):481-488 doi:10.5223/pghn.2022.25.6.481.

[Acute Liver Failure: Current Updates and Management].

Kim JD

The Korean journal of gastroenterology = Taehan Sohwagi Hakhoe chi 2023; (81(1)):17-28 doi:10.4166/kjg.2022.148.

Prognostic Scores in Acute Liver Failure Due to Viral Hepatitis.

Biswas S, Kumar R, Acharya SK, Shalimar

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) 2023; (13(6)) doi:10.3390/diagnostics13061035.

Use of Oral N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) in Non-Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Hepatic Failure.

Sharieff S, Idrees A, Rafai W, Bukhari SUS

Cureus 2023; (15(3)):e35852 doi:10.7759/cureus.35852.

Hyperammonemia and Hepatic Encephalopathy in Pediatric and Adult Liver Intensive Care Unit.

Ocak I, Colak M, Battal M

Sisli Etfal Hastanesi tip bulteni 2023; (57(1)):68-72 doi:10.14744/SEMB.2022.78872.

Current vision on diagnosis and comprehensive care in hepatic encephalopathy.

Higuera-de-la-Tijera F, Velarde-Ruiz Velasco JA, Raña-Garibay RH, et al.

Revista de gastroenterologia de Mexico (English) 2023; (88(2)):155-174 doi:10.1016/j.rgmxen.2023.04.006.

Clinical Manifestations of Hepatitis E.

You S, Zhu B, Xin S

Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2023; (1417()):185-197 doi:10.1007/978-981-99-1304-6_13.

A 15-Year Retrospective Study of Supportive Extracorporeal Therapies Including Plasma Exchange and Continuous Venovenous Hemodiafiltration of 114 Adults with Acute Liver Failure Awaiting Liver Transplantation.

Ocak I

Annals of transplantation 2023; (28()):e939745 doi:10.12659/AOT.939745.

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose and hepatotoxicity: mechanism, treatment, prevention measures, and estimates of burden of disease.

Chidiac AS, Buckley NA, Noghrehchi F, Cairns R

Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology 2023; (19(5)):297-317 doi:10.1080/17425255.2023.2223959.

The outcomes and prognostic factors of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and Child-Turcotte-Pugh class B.

Fu CC, Chen YJ, Su CW, et al.

Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA 2023; (86(10)):876-884 doi:10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000975.

Liver Transplantation for Acute Liver Failure- Indication, Prioritization, Timing, and Referral.

Biswas S, Shalimar

Journal of clinical and experimental hepatology 2023; (13(5)):820-834 doi:10.1016/j.jceh.2023.01.008.

Cryopreserved cGMP-compliant human pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatic progenitors rescue mice from acute liver failure through rapid paracrine effects on liver cells.

Gantier M, Rispal R, Fourrier A, et al.

Stem cell research & therapy 2024; (15(1)):71 doi:10.1186/s13287-024-03673-9.

Role of high-volume plasmapheresis in the management of paediatric acute liver failure.

Hilberath J, Camelli V, Hofer C, et al.

Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition 2024; (78(6)):1364-1373 doi:10.1002/jpn3.12211.

Acute liver failure: A practical update.

Fernández J, Bassegoda O, Toapanta D, Bernal W

JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology 2024; (6(9)):101131 doi:10.1016/j.jhepr.2024.101131.

Infection, inflammation and hepatic encephalopathy from a clinical perspective.

Ntuli Y, Shawcross DL

Metabolic brain disease 2024; (39(8)):1689-1703 doi:10.1007/s11011-024-01402-y.

Advanced strategies for intensive care management of acute liver failure.

Saner FH, Scarlatescu E, Gold A, et al.

Best practice & research. Clinical gastroenterology 2024; (73()):101962 doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101962.

Liver transplantation in acute liver failure.

Ichai P, Samuel D

Best practice & research. Clinical gastroenterology 2024; (73()):101968 doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101968.

Acute liver failure and liver transplantation.

Jothimani D, Marannan NK, Rela M

Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology 2025; (44(3)):298-310 doi:10.1007/s12664-024-01708-w.

[Acute Liver Failure].

Röhlen N, Thimme R

Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) 2025; (150(7)):371-384 doi:10.1055/a-2301-8259.

Comparative Analysis of Plasmapheresis Versus Plasmapheresis Combined With Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in Adult Liver Failure: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Ocak I, Colak M, Bilici BN

Transplantation proceedings 2025; (57(4)):598-605 doi:10.1016/j.transproceed.2025.02.051.

Hepatic Encephalopathy: Current Thoughts on Pathophysiology and Management.

Sen BK, Pan K, Chakravarty A

Current neurology and neuroscience reports 2025; (25(1)):28 doi:10.1007/s11910-025-01415-9.

'Fulminant hepatic failure' anesthesiologic considerations.

Vetrugno L, Alessandri F, Toscano A, et al.

Current opinion in anaesthesiology 2025; (38(4)):503-512 doi:10.1097/ACO.0000000000001530.

Anti-Tubercular Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Current Understanding and Emerging Directions.

Prasad S, Narang H, Kedia S, Ahuja V

JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology 2026; (10(1)):e70338 doi:10.1002/jgh3.70338.