Research & Literature

Abundance of DLK1, differential expression of CYP11B1, CYP21A2 and MC2R, and lack of INSL3 distinguish testicular adrenal rest tumours from Leydig cell tumours.

Lottrup G, Nielsen JE, Skakkebæk NE, et al.

European journal of endocrinology 2015; (172(4)):491-9 doi:10.1530/EJE-14-0810.

Clinical Outcome, Hormonal Status, Gonadotrope Axis, and Testicular Function in 219 Adult Men Born With Classic 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency. A French National Survey.

Bouvattier C, Esterle L, Renoult-Pierre P, et al.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2015; (100(6)):2303-13 doi:10.1210/jc.2014-4124.

Testicular adrenal rest tumours in young adult males with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: prevalence and impact on testicular function.

Chihaoui M, Kanoun F, Chaker F, et al.

Andrologia 2016; (48(1)):45-50 doi:10.1111/and.12416.

Determining clinical and biological indicators for health outcomes in adult patients with childhood onset of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Bachelot A, Golmard JL, Dulon J, et al.

European journal of endocrinology 2015; (173(2)):175-84 doi:10.1530/EJE-14-0978.

Metachronous Bilateral Testicular Leydig-Like Tumors Leading to the Diagnosis of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (Adrenogenital Syndrome).

Vukina J, Chism DD, Sharpless JL, et al.

Case reports in pathology 2015; (2015()):459318 doi:10.1155/2015/459318.

Experience in optimizing fertility outcomes in men with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21 hydroxylase deficiency.

King TF, Lee MC, Williamson EE, Conway GS

Clinical endocrinology 2016; (84(6)):830-6 doi:10.1111/cen.13001.

Sperm retrieval and concomitant tumor resection in azoospermic men with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and bilateral testicular adrenal rest tumors: a case report.

Kavoussi PK, Summers-Colquitt RB, Odenwald KC, et al.

Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics 2016; (33(4)):545-8 doi:10.1007/s10815-016-0665-9.

[Characterization of ovarian adrenal rest tumors in children and adolescent females with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency].

Su Z, Li YY, Ma HM, et al.

Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics 2016; (54(6)):414-8 doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2016.06.005.

Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumor in Two Brothers with a Novel Mutation in the 3-Beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase-2 Gene.

Güven A, Polat S

Journal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology 2017; (9(1)):85-90 doi:10.4274/jcrpe.3306.

Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumors in Boys and Young Adults with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Kim MS, Goodarzian F, Keenan MF, et al.

The Journal of urology 2017; (197(3 Pt 2)):931-936 doi:10.1016/j.juro.2016.09.072.

Cardiovascular health, growth and gonadal function in children and adolescents with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Mooij CF, Webb EA, Claahsen van der Grinten HL, Krone N

Archives of disease in childhood 2017; (102(6)):578-584 doi:10.1136/archdischild-2016-311910.

Ovarian Adrenal Rest Tumors Undetected by Imaging Studies and Identified at Surgery in Three Females with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Unresponsive to Increased Hormone Therapy Dosage.

Chen HD, Huang LE, Zhong ZH, et al.

Endocrine pathology 2017; (28(2)):146-151 doi:10.1007/s12022-016-9461-4.

High serum progesterone associated with infertility in a woman with nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Kawarai Y, Ishikawa H, Segawa T, et al.

The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research 2017; (43(5)):946-950 doi:10.1111/jog.13288.

Testicular tumors of adrenogenital syndrome: From physiopathology to therapy.

Naouar S, Braiek S, El Kamel R

Presse medicale (Paris, France : 1983) 2017; (46(6 Pt 1)):572-578 doi:10.1016/j.lpm.2017.05.006.

Testicular Adrenal Rests Tumors and Testicular Microlithiasis in a Brazilian Case Series with Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Ohana Marques Coelho de Carvalho L, Miguel Garcia Lora R, Renata Rezende Penna C, Calland Ricarte Beserra I

International journal of endocrinology and metabolism 2017; (15(1)):e40611 doi:10.5812/ijem.40611.

Two cases of reversible male infertility due to congenital adrenal hyperplasia combined with testicular adrenal rest tumor.

Tanaka M, Enatsu N, Chiba K, Fujisawa M

Reproductive medicine and biology 2018; (17(1)):93-97 doi:10.1002/rmb2.12068.

Sonographic Appearance of Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumour in a Patient with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Deshpande SS, Shetty D, Saifi S

Polish journal of radiology 2017; (82()):526-529 doi:10.12659/PJR.902013.

Sonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics of Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumors.

Yılmaz R, Şahin D, Aghayev A, et al.

Polish journal of radiology 2017; (82()):583-588 doi:10.12659/PJR.901986.

Prevalence of Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumor and Factors Associated with Its Development in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Mendes-Dos-Santos CT, Martins DL, Guerra-Júnior G, et al.

Hormone research in paediatrics 2018; (90(3)):161-168 doi:10.1159/000492082.

Case series of testicular adrenal rest tumours in boys with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: A single centre experience.

Karen Leong SW, Wu LL

The Medical journal of Malaysia 2019; (74(1)):92-93.

Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumors: Current Insights on Prevalence, Characteristics, Origin, and Treatment.

Engels M, Span PN, van Herwaarden AE, et al.

Endocrine reviews 2019; (40(4)):973-987 doi:10.1210/er.2018-00258.

Glucocorticoid Regimens in the Treatment of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Whittle E, Falhammar H

Journal of the Endocrine Society 2019; (3(6)):1227-1245 doi:10.1210/js.2019-00136.

Pregnancy in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Reisch N

Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America 2019; (48(3)):619-641 doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2019.05.011.

Sonographic features of the testicular adrenal rests tumors in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a single-center experience and literature review.

Ma L, Xia Y, Wang L, et al.

Orphanet journal of rare diseases 2019; (14(1)):242 doi:10.1186/s13023-019-1231-1.

Assisted Reproduction in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Chatziaggelou A, Sakkas EG, Votino R, et al.

Frontiers in endocrinology 2019; (10()):723 doi:10.3389/fendo.2019.00723.

Individualizing Management of Infertility in Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia and Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumors.

Jha S, El-Maouche D, Marko J, et al.

Journal of the Endocrine Society 2019; (3(12)):2290-2294 doi:10.1210/js.2019-00227.

Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumour (TART) or Testicular Malignancy: A Clinical Dilemma.

Roy M, Roy AK, Chatterjee T, Bansal S

European journal of case reports in internal medicine 2020; (7(8)):001669 doi:10.12890/2020_001669.

A spontaneous pregnancy and live birth in a woman with primary infertility following the excision of an ovarian adrenal rest tumor: A rare case.

Uyanıkoglu H, Ozer G, Kahraman S

Clinical and experimental reproductive medicine 2020; (47(4)):319-322 doi:10.5653/cerm.2020.03692.

MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Gonadal dysfunction in congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Claahsen-van der Grinten HL, Stikkelbroeck N, Falhammar H, Reisch N

European journal of endocrinology 2021; (184(3)):R85-R97.

Incidental Finding of Bilateral Ovarian Adrenal Rest Tumor in a Patient With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A Case Report and Brief Review.

Bouzidi L, Triki M, Charfi S, et al.

Pediatric and developmental pathology : the official journal of the Society for Pediatric Pathology and the Paediatric Pathology Society 2021; (24(2)):137-141 doi:10.1177/1093526620980614.

Prevalence and ultrasound patterns of testicular adrenal rest tumors in adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Corcioni B, Renzulli M, Marasco G, et al.

Translational andrology and urology 2021; (10(2)):562-573 doi:10.21037/tau-20-998.

Clinicopathological Evaluation of 15 Ectopic Adrenal Tissues.

Sensu S, Keser SH, Gurbuz Y, et al.

Archives of Iranian medicine 2021; (24(4)):301-305 doi:10.34172/aim.2021.42.

Bilateral testicular adrenal rest tumors in a patient with nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Roberts EC, Nealon SW, Dhillon J, et al.

IJU case reports 2021; (4(4)):243-246 doi:10.1002/iju5.12299.

Production of 11-Oxygenated Androgens by Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumors.

Schröder MAM, Turcu AF, O'Day P, et al.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2022; (107(1)):e272-e280 doi:10.1210/clinem/dgab598.

Testicular adrenal rest tumors in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Al-Ghamdi WM, Shazly MA, Al-Agha AE

Saudi medical journal 2021; (42(9)):986-993 doi:10.15537/smj.2021.42.9.20210257.

Long-Term Health Outcomes of Korean Adults With Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency.

Lim SG, Lee YA, Jang HN, et al.

Frontiers in endocrinology 2021; (12()):761258 doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.761258.

Ovarian adrenal rest tumor in congenital adrenal hyperplasia: Is medical treatment the first line option?

Koren R, Koren S, Khashper A, et al.

Archives of endocrinology and metabolism 2021; (65(6)):841-845.

How to manage puberty and prevent fertility disorders in men with CAH?

Claahsen-van der Grinten HL

Annales d'endocrinologie 2022; (83(3)):186-187 doi:10.1016/j.ando.2022.04.005.

Classical and non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia: What is the difference in subsequent fertility?

Carrière C, Sarfati C, Téjédor I, et al.

Annales d'endocrinologie 2022; (83(3)):181-185 doi:10.1016/j.ando.2022.04.007.

Transcriptional comparison of testicular adrenal rest tumors with fetal and adult tissues.

Schröder MAM, Sweep FCGJ, van Herwaarden AE, et al.

European journal of endocrinology 2022; (187(5)):607-615 doi:10.1530/EJE-22-0143.

Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumors in a Patient With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Yu SY, Freed KM

Cureus 2022; (14(8)):e28350 doi:10.7759/cureus.28350.

Reduced serum concentrations of biomarkers reflecting Leydig and Sertoli cell function in male patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Johannsen TH, Albrethsen J, Neocleous V, et al.

Endocrine connections 2023; (12(8)).

Biomarkers in congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Bacila IA, Lawrence NR, Badrinath SG, et al.

Clinical endocrinology 2024; (101(4)):300-310 doi:10.1111/cen.14960.

Depressive and anxiety disorders and antidepressant prescriptions among insured children and young adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia in the United States.

Harasymiw LA, Grosse SD, Cullen KR, et al.

Frontiers in endocrinology 2023; (14()):1129584 doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1129584.

Testicular adrenal rest tumor in a pediatric patient with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: A case report.

Ibdah MG, Tos SM, Giacaman N, et al.

Radiology case reports 2023; (18(11)):4149-4152 doi:10.1016/j.radcr.2023.08.081.

Testicular adrenal rest tumors (TART) secondary to congenital adrenal hyperplasia: A case report emphasizing early detection and management.

Tuladhar S, Katwal S, Joshi HO, et al.

Radiology case reports 2023; (18(12)):4351-4356 doi:10.1016/j.radcr.2023.09.006.

Testicular adrenal rest tumors - Epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment.

Eyer de Jesus L, Paz de Oliveira AP, Porto LC, Dekermacher S

Journal of pediatric urology 2024; (20(1)):77-87 doi:10.1016/j.jpurol.2023.10.005.

Restoration of reproductive capacity in a male patient with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and bilateral testicular adrenal rest tumors (TARTs) after six months of glucocorticoid intensification: A case report.

Ahmad J, Ahmad A, Hadid L

Medicine 2023; (102(49)):e36061 doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000036061.

Infertility risk assessment with ultrasound in congenital adrenal hyperplasia male patients.

Wang Z, Wang R, Wang X, et al.

Scientific reports 2024; (14(1)):12058 doi:10.1038/s41598-024-62954-8.

Gonadal changes in children and adolescents with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Mahmoud R, Abdelrahman ME, Mohamed HH, Elsedfy H

Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism : JPEM 2024; (37(12)):1047-1053 doi:10.1515/jpem-2024-0417.

Prevalence of Psychiatric Comorbidities in Females With Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Khorashad BS, Kaabi O, Gardner MD, et al.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2025; (110(8)):e2562-e2569 doi:10.1210/clinem/dgae831.

Challenges in Adolescent and Adult Males With Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency.

Claahsen-van der Grinten HL, Adriaansen BPH, Falhammar H

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2025; (110(Supplement_1)):S25-S36 doi:10.1210/clinem/dgae718.

Genetics and Pathophysiology of Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency.

Yang M, White PC

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2025; (110(Supplement_1)):S1-S12 doi:10.1210/clinem/dgae535.

Scrotal Ultrasonography Features of Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumors in Male Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Patients: A Systematic Review.

Chandra EA, Utari A

Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism 2025; (29(2)):133-141 doi:10.4103/ijem.ijem_19_24.

Longitudinal Characterization and Sonographic Staging of Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumors.

Vaid S, Kulkarni S, Marko J, et al.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2026; (111(3)):698-706 doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaf498.

Acute adrenal crisis after orchiectomy for testicular adrenal rest tumors in untreated congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

de Sousa AGP, Bezerra AA, Chaves CEP

JCEM case reports 2026; (4(9)):luag224 doi:10.1210/jcemcr/luag224.

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, ovarian adrenal rest tumours and Addison's disease: an exceptional clinical constellation.

Emara Y, Leibnitz S, Lauber-Biason A, et al.

BMJ case reports 2026; (19(8)) doi:10.1136/bcr-2025-270310.

Prepubertal Screening for Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumors in Boys with Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: Emerging Evidence and Practical Implications.

Ranieri A, Ferrari V, Ortolano R, et al.

Children (Basel, Switzerland) 2026; (13(8)) doi:10.3390/children13081003.