Research & Literature

Ex vivo heat retention of different eyelid warming masks.

Lacroix Z, Léger S, Bitton E

Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association 2015; (38(3)):152-6.

Medical management of blepharitis.

Duncan K, Jeng BH

Current opinion in ophthalmology 2015; (26(4)):289-94 doi:10.1097/ICU.0000000000000164.

Differential Diagnosis of the Swollen Red Eyelid.

Carlisle RT, Digiovanni J

American family physician 2015; (92(2)):106-12.

Periodic acid-Schiff staining demonstrates fungi in chronic anterior blepharitis.

Dadaci Z, Kılınç F, Ozer TT, et al.

Eye (London, England) 2015; (29(12)):1522-7 doi:10.1038/eye.2015.144.

Revisiting the vicious circle of dry eye disease: a focus on the pathophysiology of meibomian gland dysfunction.

Baudouin C, Messmer EM, Aragona P, et al.

The British journal of ophthalmology 2016; (100(3)):300-6 doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2015-307415.

The Effect of Demodex Infestation on Blepharitis and the Ocular Symptoms.

Kabataş N, Doğan AŞ, Kabataş EU, et al.

Eye & contact lens 2017; (43(1)):64-67 doi:10.1097/ICL.0000000000000234.

Clinical Trial of Thermal Pulsation (LipiFlow) in Meibomian Gland Dysfunction With Preteatment Meibography.

Zhao Y, Veerappan A, Yeo S, et al.

Eye & contact lens 2016; (42(6)):339-346 doi:10.1097/ICL.0000000000000228.

Evaluation of the Painful Eye.

Pflipsen M, Massaquoi M, Wolf S

American family physician 2016; (93(12)):991-8.

[Blepharitis - When to Perform Surgery?].

Herwig MC, Löffler KU

Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde 2016; (233(7)):813-8 doi:10.1055/s-0042-105567.

Emerging strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction: Proceedings of the OCEAN group meeting.

Geerling G, Baudouin C, Aragona P, et al.

The ocular surface 2017; (15(2)):179-192 doi:10.1016/j.jtos.2017.01.006.

Prevalence of ocular demodicosis among patients at Tertiary Care Center, Bangkok, Thailand.

Kasetsuwan N, Kositphipat K, Busayarat M, et al.

International journal of ophthalmology 2017; (10(1)):122-127 doi:10.18240/ijo.2017.01.20.

Ten-year incidence and prevalence of clinically diagnosed blepharitis in South Korea: a nationwide population-based cohort study.

Rim TH, Kang MJ, Choi M, et al.

Clinical & experimental ophthalmology 2017; (45(5)):448-454 doi:10.1111/ceo.12929.

Meibography for eyes with posterior blepharitis.

AlDarrab A, Alrajeh M, Alsuhaibani AH

Saudi journal of ophthalmology : official journal of the Saudi Ophthalmological Society 2017; (31(3)):131-134 doi:10.1016/j.sjopt.2017.05.014.

Tear film evaluation and management in soft contact lens wear: a systematic approach.

Downie LE, Craig JP

Clinical & experimental optometry 2017; (100(5)):438-458 doi:10.1111/cxo.12597.

Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in a Youthful Clinical Sample in Ghana.

Asiedu K, Kyei S, Dzasimatu SK, Morny EKA

Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry 2018; (95(4)):349-353 doi:10.1097/OPX.0000000000001192.

Chronic blepharitis like picture in patients with Discoid lupus erythematosis - Case series.

Jisha K, Rajesh PS, Kurien G, et al.

Nepalese journal of ophthalmology : a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal of the Nepal Ophthalmic Society : NEPJOPH 2017; (9(18)):175-179 doi:10.3126/nepjoph.v9i2.19264.

Neutrophils cause obstruction of eyelid sebaceous glands in inflammatory eye disease in mice.

Reyes NJ, Yu C, Mathew R, et al.

Science translational medicine 2018; (10(451)) doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aas9164.

Diagnosis and management of blepharitis: an optometrist's perspective.

Putnam CM

Clinical optometry 2016; (8()):71-78 doi:10.2147/OPTO.S84795.

Effect of Eyelid Hygiene Detergent on Obstructive Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.

Tanabe H, Kaido M, Kawashima M, et al.

Journal of oleo science 2019; (68(1)):67-78 doi:10.5650/jos.ess18161.

Improvement in ocular symptoms and signs in patients with Demodex anterior blepharitis using a novel terpinen-4-ol (2.5%) and hyaluronic acid (0.2%) cleansing wipe.

Messaoud R, El Fekih L, Mahmoud A, et al.

Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) 2019; (13()):1043-1054 doi:10.2147/OPTH.S198585.

The Efficacy of Warm Compresses in the Treatment of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction and Demodex Folliculorum Blepharitis.

Murphy O, O' Dwyer V, Lloyd-Mckernan A

Current eye research 2020; (45(5)):563-575 doi:10.1080/02713683.2019.1686153.

Improved Demodex diagnosis in the clinical setting using a novel in situ technique.

Muntz A, Purslow C, Wolffsohn JS, Craig JP

Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association 2020; (43(4)):345-349 doi:10.1016/j.clae.2019.11.009.

A Review on Evidence-Based Treatments for Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.

Lam PY, Shih KC, Fong PY, et al.

Eye & contact lens 2020; (46(1)):3-16 doi:10.1097/ICL.0000000000000680.

Efficacy of cyclic therapy with terpinen-4-ol in Demodex blepharitis : Is treatment possible by considering Demodex's life cycle?

Evren Kemer Ö, Karaca EE, Özek D

European journal of ophthalmology 2021; (31(3)):1361-1366 doi:10.1177/1120672120919085.

The Efficacy of Intense Pulsed Light Combined With Meibomian Gland Expression for the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease Due to Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Yan X, Hong J, Jin X, et al.

Eye & contact lens 2021; (47(1)):45-53 doi:10.1097/ICL.0000000000000711.

Update on the pathogenesis and management of ocular rosacea: an interdisciplinary review.

Jabbehdari S, Memar OM, Caughlin B, Djalilian AR

European journal of ophthalmology 2021; (31(1)):22-33 doi:10.1177/1120672120937252.

Efficacy of Azithromycin Eyedrops for Individuals With Meibomian Gland Dysfunction-Associated Posterior Blepharitis.

Arita R, Fukuoka S

Eye & contact lens 2021; (47(1)):54-59 doi:10.1097/ICL.0000000000000729.

Ocular Demodex: a systematic review of the clinical literature.

Zhang AC, Muntz A, Wang MTM, et al.

Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) 2020; (40(4)):389-432 doi:10.1111/opo.12691.

Is there enough evidence for the routine recommendation of eyelid wipes? A systematic review of the role of eyelid wipes in the management of blepharitis.

Gostimir M, Allen LH

Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie 2020; (55(5)):424-436 doi:10.1016/j.jcjo.2020.05.015.

[Corneal alterations in eyelid diseases].

Messmer EM

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft 2020; (117(9)):949-961 doi:10.1007/s00347-020-01219-x.

Adverse Events of Intense Pulsed Light Combined With Meibomian Gland Expression Versus Meibomian Gland Expression in the Treatment of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.

Qiao C, Li L, Wang H, et al.

Lasers in surgery and medicine 2021; (53(5)):664-670 doi:10.1002/lsm.23339.

Proposed Algorithm for Management of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction Based on Noninvasive Meibography.

Arita R, Fukuoka S, Kawashima M

Journal of clinical medicine 2020; (10(1)) doi:10.3390/jcm10010065.

CLEAR - Contact lens complications.

Stapleton F, Bakkar M, Carnt N, et al.

Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association 2021; (44(2)):330-367 doi:10.1016/j.clae.2021.02.010.

CLEAR - Evidence-based contact lens practice.

Wolffsohn JS, Dumbleton K, Huntjens B, et al.

Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association 2021; (44(2)):368-397 doi:10.1016/j.clae.2021.02.008.

Oral antibiotics for chronic blepharitis.

Onghanseng N, Ng SM, Halim MS, Nguyen QD

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2021; (6()):CD013697 doi:10.1002/14651858.CD013697.pub2.

Randomized double-blind trial of wipes containing terpinen-4-ol and hyaluronate versus baby shampoo in seborrheic blepharitis patients.

Arici C, Mergen B, Yildiz-Tas A, et al.

Eye (London, England) 2022; (36(4)):869-876 doi:10.1038/s41433-021-01642-7.

Safety and efficacy of lotilaner ophthalmic solution, 0.25% for the treatment of blepharitis due to demodex infestation: A randomized, controlled, double-masked clinical trial.

Gonzalez-Salinas R, Karpecki P, Yeu E, et al.

Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association 2022; (45(4)):101492 doi:10.1016/j.clae.2021.101492.

[Hordeolum and chalazion : (Differential) diagnosis and treatment].

Loth C, Miller CV, Haritoglou C, Messmer ESBM

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft 2022; (119(1)):97-108 doi:10.1007/s00347-021-01436-y.

Acanthamoeba keratitis in contact lens wearers in a tertiary center of Tunisia, North Africa.

Nadia BA, Anis M, Ali SM, et al.

Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) 2021; (70()):102834 doi:10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102834.

Update on the Management of Demodex Blepharitis.

Shah PP, Stein RL, Perry HD

Cornea 2022; (41(8)):934-939 doi:10.1097/ICO.0000000000002911.

Association Between Skin Findings and Ocular Signs in Rosacea.

Saá FL, Cremona F, Chiaradia P

Turkish journal of ophthalmology 2021; (51(6)):338-343 doi:10.4274/tjo.galenos.2021.05031.

How Long to Continue Eyelid Hygiene to Treat Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.

Ahn H, Kim BY, Kim J, et al.

Journal of clinical medicine 2022; (11(3)) doi:10.3390/jcm11030529.

Efficacy of a 0.05% cyclosporine a topical nanoemulsion in dry eyes with obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction.

Rhim JW, Eom Y, Yoon EG, et al.

Japanese journal of ophthalmology 2022; (66(3)):254-263 doi:10.1007/s10384-022-00906-3.

Case Report: Use of Amniotic Membrane for Tectonic Repair of Peripheral Ulcerative Keratitis With Corneal Perforation.

Eslami M, Benito-Pascual B, Goolam S, et al.

Frontiers in medicine 2022; (9()):836873 doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.836873.

Tear film lipid layer thickness measurement from Ocular Surface Analyzer as a marker to monitor treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction in a study comparing physiological detergent-free eyelid wipes with conventional therapy: A randomized trial.

Runda N, Manna S, Vanathi M, et al.

Indian journal of ophthalmology 2022; (70(6)):1963-1970 doi:10.4103/ijo.IJO_2885_21.

Lotilaner Ophthalmic Solution, 0.25%, for the Treatment of Demodex Blepharitis: Results of a Prospective, Randomized, Vehicle-Controlled, Double-Masked, Pivotal Trial (Saturn-1).

Yeu E, Wirta DL, Karpecki P, et al.

Cornea 2023; (42(4)):435-443 doi:10.1097/ICO.0000000000003097.

[Chronic Blepharitis].

Dietrich-Ntoukas T

Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde 2022; (239(11)):1381-1393 doi:10.1055/a-1896-3441.

Psychosocial Impact of Demodex Blepharitis.

O'Dell L, Dierker DS, Devries DK, et al.

Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) 2022; (16()):2979-2987 doi:10.2147/OPTH.S374530.

Antibiotic treatment for dry eye disease related to meibomian gland dysfunction and blepharitis - A review.

Vernhardsdottir RR, Magno MS, Hynnekleiv L, et al.

The ocular surface 2022; (26()):211-221 doi:10.1016/j.jtos.2022.08.010.

Ocular Adverse Effects of Gefitinib: A Case Report.

Jeria S, Thool AR, Daigavane S, Ganjre S

Cureus 2022; (14(9)):e29600 doi:10.7759/cureus.29600.

Pulsed Light Therapy in the Management of Dry Eye Disease: Current Perspectives.

Barbosa Ribeiro B, Marta A, Ponces Ramalhão J, et al.

Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) 2022; (16()):3883-3893 doi:10.2147/OPTH.S349596.

Meibomian gland dysfunction patients benefit in ocular parameters and tear chemokines after thermal pulsation treatment.

Liu W, Lin T, Gong L

International journal of medical sciences 2023; (20(1)):11-22 doi:10.7150/ijms.76603.

Hot towels: The bedrock of Meibomian gland dysfunction treatment - A review.

Schjerven Magno M, Olafsson J, Beining M, et al.

Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association 2023; (46(2)):101775 doi:10.1016/j.clae.2022.101775.

Effect of Hypochlorous Acid on Blepharitis through Ultrasonic Atomization: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Zhang H, Wu Y, Wan X, et al.

Journal of clinical medicine 2023; (12(3)) doi:10.3390/jcm12031164.

Delphi Panel Consensus Regarding Current Clinical Practice Management Options for Demodex blepharitis.

Farid M, Ayres BD, Donnenfeld E, et al.

Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) 2023; (17()):667-679 doi:10.2147/OPTH.S399989.

Meibomian gland dysfunction and blepharitis: A common and still unsolved ophthalmic problem.

Kudasiewicz-Kardaszewska A, Grant-Kels JM, Grzybowski A

Clinics in dermatology 2023; (41(4)):491-502 doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2023.08.005.

Lotilaner Ophthalmic Solution 0.25%: First Approval.

Syed YY

Drugs 2023; (83(16)):1537-1541 doi:10.1007/s40265-023-01947-9.

Risk Factors for Meibomian Gland Disease Assessed by Meibography.

Kim CK, Carter S, Kim C, et al.

Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) 2023; (17()):3331-3339 doi:10.2147/OPTH.S428468.

Association of ocular surface and meibomian gland alterations with silicone hydrogel contact lens wear.

Colak D, Kocabeyoglu S, Karakaya J, Irkec M

Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association 2024; (47(1)):102093 doi:10.1016/j.clae.2023.102093.

A Rare Manifestation of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus Solely in the Lower Eyelid of a Young Man.

Bachtalia K, Frangia-Tsivou K, Patelis A, Palioura S

Cureus 2023; (15(10)):e47002 doi:10.7759/cureus.47002.

Uncommon Blepharitis.

Di Zazzo A, Giannaccare G, Villani E, Barabino S

Journal of clinical medicine 2024; (13(3)) doi:10.3390/jcm13030710.

Eyelid margin disease (blepharitis and meibomian gland dysfunction): clinical review of evidence-based and emerging treatments.

Rocha KM, Farid M, Raju L, et al.

Journal of cataract and refractive surgery 2024; (50(8)):876-882 doi:10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000001414.

Diamond Bur Microblepharoexfoliation Combined with Intense Pulse Light and Meibomian Gland Expression for Evaporative Dry Eye: A Short-term Controlled Clinical Trial.

Ballesteros-Sánchez A, Sánchez-González JM, Gutiérrez-Ortega R, Gargallo-Martínez B

Ophthalmology and therapy 2024; (13(5)):1223-1237 doi:10.1007/s40123-024-00919-w.

XdemvyTM (Lotilaner Ophthalmic Solution) 0.25% Topical Solution for the Treatment of Demodex Blepharitis.

Gupta AK, Mann A, Vincent K, Abramovits W

Skinmed 2024; (22(1)):61-66.

Current state and future perspectives in the diagnosis of eyelid margin disease: clinical review.

Yeu E, Garg S, Ayres BD, et al.

Journal of cataract and refractive surgery 2024; (50(8)):868-875 doi:10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000001483.

Evidence-Based Strategies for Warm Compress Therapy in Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.

Lee G

Ophthalmology and therapy 2024; (13(9)):2481-2493 doi:10.1007/s40123-024-00988-x.

Long-Term Prognosis of Anterior Blepharitis After Topical Antibiotics Treatment.

Sakimoto T, Sugiura T

Eye & contact lens 2024; (50(10)):455-459 doi:10.1097/ICL.0000000000001118.

Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Dry Eye Disease: Considerations for Clinical Management.

Britten-Jones AC, Wang MTM, Samuels I, et al.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) 2024; (60(9)) doi:10.3390/medicina60091458.

The efficacy of a netilmicin/dexamethasone gel combination in the treatment of posterior blepharitis in moderate-severe dry eye patients.

Oliverio GW, Inferrera L, Postorino EI, et al.

European journal of ophthalmology 2025; (35(3)):878-883 doi:10.1177/11206721241293175.

Safety and Efficacy of Lotilaner Ophthalmic Solution (0.25%) in Treating Demodex Blepharitis: Pooled Analysis of Two Pivotal Trials.

Yeu E, Paauw JD, Vollmer P, et al.

Ophthalmology and therapy 2025; (14(3)):555-571 doi:10.1007/s40123-024-01089-5.

Efficacy of eyelid warming devices as first-step treatment in meibomian gland dysfunction: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Ballesteros-Sánchez A, Rocha-de-Lossada C, Sánchez-González JM

The ocular surface 2025; (37()):33-46 doi:10.1016/j.jtos.2025.02.008.

Lotilaner for Demodex Blepharitis: The Journey from Veterinary Use to Human Medicine.

Sharma A, Sharma PK, Kompella UB

Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2025; (41(4)):173-186 doi:10.1089/jop.2024.0145.

Knowledge and Practice of Eyelid Hygiene Among the General Population in Al-Qunfudah Governorate, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Alkalash SH, Alzubaidi HA, Alsuhaymi NM, et al.

Cureus 2025; (17(5)):e84914 doi:10.7759/cureus.84914.

Understanding the quality-of-life impacts of ocular surface disease.

Baral P, Kumaran SE, Stapleton F, et al.

Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association 2026; (49(1)):102482 doi:10.1016/j.clae.2025.102482.

Infections and Autoimmune Disorders of the Eyelids - Difficult Differential Diagnoses and Therapeutic Challenges.

Steinberg FT, Matos PAW, Rokohl AC, Heindl LM

Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde 2025; (242(12)):1191-1199 doi:10.1055/a-2689-6204.

Targeted therapies for meibomian gland dysfunction - The role of antibiotics in meibomian gland dysfunction management.

Arita R

Taiwan journal of ophthalmology 2025; (15(4)):516-525 doi:10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-25-00109.

Comparative efficacy of eyelid cleansing wipes, hypochlorous acid, and saline for blepharitis-associated ocular surface disease: a randomized trial.

Shi R, Guo Y, Li A, et al.

Scientific reports 2026; (16(1)).