Research & Literature

CLIPPERS syndrome: Case report in a Brazilian patient with a long term disease evolution.

Marinho PB, Montanaro VV, Barroso Freitas MC, Alvarenga RM

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders 2015; (4(4)):311-4.

Chronic Lymphocytic Inflammation with Pontine Perivascular Enhancement Responsive to Steroids with a Significant Elevation of β-2 Microglobulin Levels.

Fujisawa N, Oya S, Mori H, Matsui T

Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society 2015; (58(5)):487-90 doi:10.3340/jkns.2015.58.5.487.

IFN beta 1a as Glucocorticoids-Sparing Therapy in a Patient with CLIPPERS.

Rico M, Villafani J, Tuñón A, et al.

The American journal of case reports 2016; (17()):47-50 doi:10.12659/ajcr.896102.

Widespread inflammation in CLIPPERS syndrome indicated by autopsy and ultra-high-field 7T MRI.

Blaabjerg M, Ruprecht K, Sinnecker T, et al.

Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation 2016; (3(3)):e226 doi:10.1212/NXI.0000000000000226.

Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS) with intracranial Epstein-Barr virus infection: A Case Report.

Ma Y, Sun X, Li W, et al.

Medicine 2016; (95(46)):e5377 doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000005377.

Therapeutic Approaches in CLIPPERS.

Taieb G, Allou T, Labauge P

Current treatment options in neurology 2017; (19(5)):17 doi:10.1007/s11940-017-0455-4.

Diagnostic criteria for chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS).

Tobin WO, Guo Y, Krecke KN, et al.

Brain : a journal of neurology 2017; (140(9)):2415-2425 doi:10.1093/brain/awx200.

Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS): A pediatric case report with six year follow-up.

Veerapandiyan A, Chaudhari A, Deo P, Ming X

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders 2017; (17()):95-98 doi:10.1016/j.msard.2017.07.012.

Neuroradiologic manifestations of Erdheim-Chester disease.

Parks NE, Goyal G, Go RS, et al.

Neurology. Clinical practice 2018; (8(1)):15-20 doi:10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000422.

Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids with seizures and central pyrexia, in a patient requiring tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation: A case report.

Wall RJ

Journal of the Intensive Care Society 2018; (19(2)):167-170 doi:10.1177/1751143717719644.

Is chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS) in children the same condition as in adults?

Sa M, Green L, Abdel-Mannan O, et al.

Developmental medicine and child neurology 2019; (61(4)):490-496 doi:10.1111/dmcn.13997.

CLIPPERS syndrome responsive to Leflunomide: A case report.

Didier PJ, Adrián ML, Paola SA, et al.

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders 2018; (25()):265-267 doi:10.1016/j.msard.2018.07.048.

Switch from previous major depression comorbid with CLIPPERS to mania-like episode following glucocorticosteroid therapy: a case report.

Liu X, Wu Y

General psychiatry 2018; (31(1)):e000007 doi:10.1136/gpsych-2018-000007.

Recurrent Epstein-Barr Virus-positive (EBV+) Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma (PCNSL) in a Patient with Clinical Features of Chronic Lymphocytic Inflammation with Pontine Perivascular Enhancement Responsive to Steroids (CLIPPERS).

Nagano M, Ayaki T, Koita N, et al.

Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2019; (58(6)):849-854 doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.1246-18.

CLIPPERS and its mimics: evaluation of new criteria for the diagnosis of CLIPPERS.

Taieb G, Mulero P, Psimaras D, et al.

Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry 2019; (90(9)):1027-1038 doi:10.1136/jnnp-2018-318957.

Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS) associated with or without lymphoma: Comparison of clinical features and risk factors suggestive of underlying lymphomas.

Zhang L, Liu XH, Jin F, et al.

Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia 2019; (66()):156-164 doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2019.04.022.

Hemidysgeusia, phantosmia and respiratory arrest: a case of CLIPPERS.

Nguyen PB, Prentice D, Brazel R, Leong WK

BMJ case reports 2019; (12(5)) doi:10.1136/bcr-2019-230094.

A man in his sixties with gait ataxia, dysarthria and mild cognitive impairment.

Nordaa L, Forsaa EB, Odland A, Ajmi S

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke 2020; (140(4)) doi:10.4045/tidsskr.19.0198.

Two New Cases and Literature Review of CLIPPERS Syndrome with Long-Term Follow-up.

Kamişli Ö, Tecellioğlu M, Erbay MF, et al.

Noro psikiyatri arsivi 2020; (57(2)):160-164 doi:10.5152/npa.2017.22732.

An Atypical Presentation of CLIPPERS, a Challenging Diagnosis of Reversible Early-Onset Dementia.

Russo M, Piermartiri A, Carrarini C, et al.

Case reports in neurology 2020; (12(3)):307-313 doi:10.1159/000508945.

Increased Number of Perivascular CD20-Positive B Lymphocytes in the Neuropathology of CLIPPERS: Findings of 6 Patients from Mainland China.

Yang B, Liu F, Li J, Wen Y

European neurology 2021; (84(1)):22-30 doi:10.1159/000512406.

Co-occurrence of chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: a case report.

Song Y, Bai M, Chen H, et al.

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders 2021; (49()):102791 doi:10.1016/j.msard.2021.102791.

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Gene Mutations in Adult Patients Presenting With CLIPPERS-Like Syndrome.

Taieb G, Kaphan E, Duflos C, et al.

Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation 2021; (8(3)) doi:10.1212/NXI.0000000000000970.

"Peppering the pons": CLIPPERS or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein associated disease?

Obeidat AZ, Block AN, Hooshmand SI

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders 2021; (51()):102874 doi:10.1016/j.msard.2021.102874.

Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids, a mimicker of malignancy: a case report and review of the literature.

Zhuang E, Shane L, Ramezan N, et al.

Journal of medical case reports 2021; (15(1)):246 doi:10.1186/s13256-021-02814-5.

Exploring the Intersection of Isolated-CNS Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis and Pediatric Chronic Lymphocytic Inflammation With Pontine Perivascular Enhancement Responsive to Steroids.

Debinski C, Goergen S, McLean C, et al.

Journal of child neurology 2021; (36(11)):935-942 doi:10.1177/08830738211009654.

Brain biopsy in patients with CLIPPERS syndrome: why and when.

Galazky I, Büntjen L, Voges J, et al.

Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders 2022; (15()):17562864211062821 doi:10.1177/17562864211062821.

Chronic Lymphocytic Inflammation With Pontine Perivascular Enhancement Responsive to Steroids: An Acute Presentation.

Ambia AR, AlZahrani N, Almakadma AH, et al.

Cureus 2022; (14(1)):e21382 doi:10.7759/cureus.21382.

MOG autoimmunity mimicking CLIPPERS syndrome: Case report and literature review.

Ferilli MAN, Papi C, Sabatelli M, et al.

Journal of neuroimmunology 2022; (367()):577875 doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2022.577875.

Clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of CLIPPERS: A comprehensive systematic review of 140 patients from 100 studies.

Al-Chalabi M, DelCimmuto NR, Beran A, et al.

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders 2022; (68()):104112 doi:10.1016/j.msard.2022.104112.

CLIPPERS Responsive to Cladribine as a Durable Steroid-Sparing Agent.

Thebault S, Bergman H, Atkins HL, et al.

Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation 2023; (10(1)) doi:10.1212/NXI.0000000000200060.

The pathogenesis hypothesis and research progress of CLIPPERS: A literature review.

Cao L, Liu M, Guo L, et al.

Medicine 2023; (102(11)):e33211 doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000033211.

Efficacy of Intravenous Immunoglobulins against Chronic Lymphocytic Inflammation with Pontine Perivascular Enhancement Responsive to Steroids: A Case Report.

Tsuchida T, Ura S, Yabe I

Case reports in neurology 2023; (15(1)):48-53 doi:10.1159/000529121.

Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS): contemporary advances and current controversies.

Li EC, Lai QL, Cai MT, et al.

Journal of neurology 2024; (271(4)):1747-1766 doi:10.1007/s00415-024-12189-4.

Erdheim-Chester Disease Masquerading as CLIPPERS.

Alkabie S, Diamond EL

Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation 2024; (11(5)):e200294 doi:10.1212/NXI.0000000000200294.

Monoclonal Gammopathy of Neurological Significance in a Patient With Chronic Lymphocytic Inflammation With Pontine Perivascular Enhancement Responsive to Steroids (CLIPPERS Syndrome): A Case Report of a Rare Entity.

Prieto-Torres AE, Esparza-Albornoz AS, Ovalle-Roa NA, et al.

Cureus 2024; (16(8)):e67386 doi:10.7759/cureus.67386.

Navigating the Mysteries of CLIPPERS Syndrome: A Case Report of Long-Term Follow-Up.

Etemadifar M, Alaei SA, Mirian ZS, Norouzi M

Clinical case reports 2024; (12(11)):e9572 doi:10.1002/ccr3.9572.

Chronic Lymphocytic Inflammation With Pontine Perivascular Enhancement Responsive to Steroids Presenting With Predominantly Neuro-Ophthalmic Features.

McDonald HM, Handzic A, Mandell DM, et al.

Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society 2025; (45(4)):460-465 doi:10.1097/WNO.0000000000002271.

Clinical and imaging characteristics of corticosteroid-responsive chronic lymphocytic inflammation with Pontine perivascular enhancement syndrome (CLIPPERS): an analysis of 9 cases.

Sun X, Li X, Raza HK, et al.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology 2025; (46(8)):3819-3826 doi:10.1007/s10072-025-08208-5.

Probable chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids syndrome: management with corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin-a case report.

Encarnación JA, Hernández AL, López GL, et al.

Journal of medical case reports 2025; (19(1)):351 doi:10.1186/s13256-025-05402-z.

A case report of CLIPPERS syndrome with gait and cognitive impairment.

Shrestha AM, Bashyal S, Kharbuja N, et al.

BMC neurology 2025; (25(1)):470 doi:10.1186/s12883-025-04487-9.