Research & Literature

Pediatric hydrocephalus: 40-year outcomes in 128 hydrocephalic patients treated with shunts during childhood. Assessment of surgical outcome, work participation, and health-related quality of life.

Paulsen AH, Lundar T, Lindegaard KF

Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics 2015; (16(6)):633-41 doi:10.3171/2015.5.PEDS14532.

Endoscopic third ventriculostomy and choroid plexus cauterization with a rigid neuroendoscope in infants with hydrocephalus.

Weil AG, Fallah A, Chamiraju P, et al.

Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics 2016; (17(2)):163-173 doi:10.3171/2015.5.PEDS14692.

Direct numerical simulation of transitional hydrodynamics of the cerebrospinal fluid in Chiari I malformation: The role of cranio-vertebral junction.

Jain K, Ringstad G, Eide PK, Mardal KA

International journal for numerical methods in biomedical engineering 2017; (33(9)) doi:10.1002/cnm.2853.

Validating a Clinical Prediction Rule for Ventricular Shunt Malfunction.

Boyle TP, Kimia AA, Nigrovic LE

Pediatric emergency care 2018; (34(11)):751-756 doi:10.1097/PEC.0000000000001032.

Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy: Success and Failure.

Deopujari CE, Karmarkar VS, Shaikh ST

Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society 2017; (60(3)):306-314 doi:10.3340/jkns.2017.0202.013.

[Application of chromosome microarray analysis for the delineation of pathogenesis for fetal ventriculomegaly].

Li Z, Fu F, Lei T, et al.

Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics 2017; (34(4)):576-582 doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1003-9406.2017.04.024.

Successful endoscopic third ventriculostomy in children depends on age and etiology of hydrocephalus: outcome analysis in 51 pediatric patients.

Duru S, Peiro JL, Oria M, et al.

Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 2018; (34(8)):1521-1528 doi:10.1007/s00381-018-3811-0.

Mild fetal ventriculomegaly: diagnosis, evaluation, and management.

, Fox NS, Monteagudo A, et al.

American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 2018; (219(1)):B2-B9 doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2018.04.039.

Clinical and genetic features of L1 syndrome patients: Definition of two novel mutations.

Isik E, Onay H, Atik T, et al.

Clinical neurology and neurosurgery 2018; (172()):20-23 doi:10.1016/j.clineuro.2018.06.007.

Ultrafast Brain MRI Can Be Used for Indications beyond Shunted Hydrocephalus in Pediatric Patients.

Tekes A, Senglaub SS, Ahn ES, et al.

AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology 2018; (39(8)):1515-1518 doi:10.3174/ajnr.A5724.

Genetics Sheds New Light on Congenital Hydrocephalus Biology.

Lal D, Palotie A

Neuron 2018; (99(2)):246-247 doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.07.008.

Quality of Life Among Children Who Had Undergone Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Surgery.

Prakash P, Dhandapani M, Ghai S, et al.

Journal of pediatric neurosciences 2018; (13(2)):189-194 doi:10.4103/jpn.JPN_118_17.

Long-term follow-up for patients with infantile hydrocephalus treated by choroid plexus coagulation.

Okano A, Ogiwara H

Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics 2018; (22(6)):638-645.

Relationship between the location of the ventricular catheter tip and the ventriculoperitoneal shunt malfunction.

Dobran M, Nasi D, Mancini F, et al.

Clinical neurology and neurosurgery 2018; (175()):50-53 doi:10.1016/j.clineuro.2018.10.006.

Incidence of and Causes for Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Failure in Children Younger Than 2 Years: A Systematic Review.

Hasanain AA, Abdullah A, Alsawy MFM, et al.

Journal of neurological surgery. Part A, Central European neurosurgery 2019; (80(1)):26-33 doi:10.1055/s-0038-1669464.

Prevalence of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: A prospective, population-based study.

Andersson J, Rosell M, Kockum K, et al.

PloS one 2019; (14(5)):e0217705 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0217705.

Benign Postnatal Outcome after Prenatal Diagnosis of Fetal Ventriculomegaly with Choroid Plexus Hyperplasia: A Case Report.

Forte D, Cardoso Diogo M, Conceição C, Sagarribay A

Pediatric neurosurgery 2019; (54(4)):258-264 doi:10.1159/000500763.

Clinical Indicators of Pediatric Shunt Malfunction: A Population-Based Study From the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample.

Razmara A, Jackson EM

Pediatric emergency care 2021; (37(11)):e764-e766 doi:10.1097/PEC.0000000000001862.

Abdominal Cerebrospinal Fluid Pseudocyst Due to Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Mimicking Unilateral Pleural Effusion: A Rare Finding.

Prasad C, Khandelwal A, Kumar S, et al.

Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology 2021; (33(2)):187-188 doi:10.1097/ANA.0000000000000628.

Frontal Occipital and Frontal Temporal Horn Ratios: Comparison and Validation of Head Ultrasound-Derived Indexes With MRI and Ventricular Volumes in Infantile Ventriculomegaly.

Radhakrishnan R, Brown BP, Kralik SF, et al.

AJR. American journal of roentgenology 2019; (213(4)):925-931 doi:10.2214/AJR.19.21261.

Functional loss of Ccdc151 leads to hydrocephalus in a mouse model of primary ciliary dyskinesia.

Chiani F, Orsini T, Gambadoro A, et al.

Disease models & mechanisms 2019; (12(8)) doi:10.1242/dmm.038489.

Not all ventriculomegaly is created equal: diagnostic overview of fetal, neonatal and pediatric ventriculomegaly.

Patel SK, Zamorano-Fernandez J, Nagaraj U, et al.

Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 2020; (36(8)):1681-1696 doi:10.1007/s00381-019-04384-w.

Third ventricle floor bowing: a useful measurement to predict endoscopic third ventriculostomy success in infantile hydrocephalus.

Wang Q, Cheng J, Si Z, et al.

Acta neurochirurgica 2020; (162(1)):31-37 doi:10.1007/s00701-019-04133-7.

Cranial and ventricular size following shunting or endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) in infants with aqueductal stenosis: further insights from the International Infant Hydrocephalus Study (IIHS).

Coulter IC, Kulkarni AV, Sgouros S, et al.

Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 2020; (36(7)):1407-1414 doi:10.1007/s00381-020-04503-y.

A novel nonsense mutation in the L1CAM gene responsible for X-linked congenital hydrocephalus.

Guo D, Shi Y, Jian W, et al.

The journal of gene medicine 2020; (22(7)):e3180 doi:10.1002/jgm.3180.

The efficacy of endoscopic third ventriculostomy in children 1 year of age or younger: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Zaben M, Manivannan S, Sharouf F, et al.

European journal of paediatric neurology : EJPN : official journal of the European Paediatric Neurology Society 2020; (26()):7-14 doi:10.1016/j.ejpn.2020.02.011.

ETV in infancy and childhood below 2 years of age for treatment of hydrocephalus.

El Damaty A, Marx S, Cohrs G, et al.

Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 2020; (36(11)):2725-2731 doi:10.1007/s00381-020-04585-8.

Post-traumatic hydrocephalus: the Cinderella of Neurotrauma.

De Bonis P, Anile C

Expert review of neurotherapeutics 2020; (20(7)):643-646 doi:10.1080/14737175.2020.1779059.

Exome sequencing implicates genetic disruption of prenatal neuro-gliogenesis in sporadic congenital hydrocephalus.

Jin SC, Dong W, Kundishora AJ, et al.

Nature medicine 2020; (26(11)):1754-1765 doi:10.1038/s41591-020-1090-2.

Prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal aberrations by chromosomal microarray analysis in foetuses with ventriculomegaly.

Wang J, Zhang Z, Li Q, et al.

Scientific reports 2020; (10(1)):20765 doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77400-8.

Imaging of fetal ventriculomegaly.

Mirsky DM, Stence NV, Powers AM, et al.

Pediatric radiology 2020; (50(13)):1948-1958 doi:10.1007/s00247-020-04880-1.

External validation of the ETV success score in 313 pediatric patients: a Brazilian single-center study.

Furtado LMF, da Costa Val Filho JA, Dos Santos Júnior EC

Neurosurgical review 2021; (44(5)):2727-2734 doi:10.1007/s10143-020-01461-6.

The utility of the fronto-temporal horn ratio on cranial ultrasound in premature newborns: a ventriculomegaly marker.

Obeid R, Jacobs M, Chang T, et al.

Pediatric research 2021; (89(7)):1715-1723 doi:10.1038/s41390-020-01337-x.

Prevalence and characteristics of shunt malfunction without ventricular size change at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh.

Albugami SM, Alwadi KW, Alrugaib AK, et al.

Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) 2021; (26(1)):31-35 doi:10.17712/nsj.2021.1.20200099.

Dental Care for a Child with Congenital Hydrocephalus: A Case Report with 12-Month Follow-Up.

Alsayed Tolibah Y, Kouchaji C, Lazkani T, et al.

International journal of environmental research and public health 2021; (18(3)) doi:10.3390/ijerph18031209.

A Retrospective Study on the Avoidability of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Infections in a University Hospital in Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia.

Albehair MA, Alosail MA, Albulwi NM, et al.

Cureus 2021; (13(2)):e13135 doi:10.7759/cureus.13135.

Detection of copy number variation associated with ventriculomegaly in fetuses using single nucleotide polymorphism arrays.

Xue H, Yu A, Lin N, et al.

Scientific reports 2021; (11(1)):5291 doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83147-7.

Bilateral Choroid Plexus Papillomas Diagnosed by Prenatal Ultrasound and MRI.

Li Y, Chetty S, Feldstein VA, Glenn OA

Cureus 2021; (13(3)):e13737 doi:10.7759/cureus.13737.

The added value of third trimester fetal brain MRI in cases of isolated ventriculomegaly.

Barzilay E, Fux A, Nezer M, et al.

The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians 2022; (35(25)):6759-6763 doi:10.1080/14767058.2021.1922379.

The regulatory roles of motile cilia in CSF circulation and hydrocephalus.

Kumar V, Umair Z, Kumar S, et al.

Fluids and barriers of the CNS 2021; (18(1)):31 doi:10.1186/s12987-021-00265-0.

Spontaneous third ventriculostomy in patients undergoing fetal surgery for myelomeningocele correction.

Cavalheiro S, da Costa MDS, de Oliveira Sampaio Vasconcelos E Sá E, et al.

Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 2021; (37(11)):3429-3436 doi:10.1007/s00381-021-05294-6.

The role of mesencephalic aqueduct obstruction in hydrocephalus development: a case report.

Radoš M, Orešković D, Klarica M

Croatian medical journal 2021; (62(4)):411-419.

L1CAM variants cause two distinct imaging phenotypes on fetal MRI.

Accogli A, Goergen S, Izzo G, et al.

Annals of clinical and translational neurology 2021; (8(10)):2004-2012 doi:10.1002/acn3.51448.

Surgical Outcome of CSF Drainage in Paediatric Obstructive Hydrocephalus.

Das S, Rashid MM, Khan SI, et al.

Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ 2021; (30(4)):1146-1153.

Impact of ventricle size on neuropsychological outcomes in treated pediatric hydrocephalus: an HCRN prospective cohort study.

Riva-Cambrin J, Kulkarni AV, Burr R, et al.

Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics 2022; (29(3)):245-256 doi:10.3171/2021.8.PEDS21146.

Infantile hydrocephalus: A retrospective cohort of 467 patients from a single center.

Caudron Y, Beccaria K, Bourgeois M, et al.

Neuro-Chirurgie 2022; (68(4)):373-378 doi:10.1016/j.neuchi.2021.12.011.

Variables Associated With Shunt Failure in Children With Cerebrospinal Fluid Diverting Shunts.

Burns BS, Tanski M, Heilman J, et al.

Pediatric emergency care 2022; (38(2)):e588-e594 doi:10.1097/PEC.0000000000002377.

Post Traumatic Hydrocephalus: Incidence, Pathophysiology and Outcomes.

Rufus P, Moorthy RK, Joseph M, Rajshekhar V

Neurology India 2021; (69(Supplement)):S420-S428 doi:10.4103/0028-3886.332264.

Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy - A Review.

Yadav YR, Bajaj J, Ratre S, et al.

Neurology India 2021; (69(Supplement)):S502-S513 doi:10.4103/0028-3886.332253.

An audit of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) in a regional paediatric neurosurgical centre assessing the accuracy and feasibility of the ETV success score.

Yordanov S, Garnett MR, Santarius T, et al.

Acta neurochirurgica 2022; (164(6)):1453-1458 doi:10.1007/s00701-022-05151-8.

Fetal Ventriculomegaly: A Review of Literature.

Alluhaybi AA, Altuhaini K, Ahmad M

Cureus 2022; (14(2)):e22352 doi:10.7759/cureus.22352.

Prenatal diagnosis of Walker-Warburg syndrome due to compound mutations in the B3GALNT2 gene.

Wang P, Jin P, Zhu L, et al.

The journal of gene medicine 2022; (24(5)):e3417 doi:10.1002/jgm.3417.

The Role of Early Postoperative Intracranial Pressure Monitoring in Predicting the Outcome of Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy Performed in Infants With Congenital Hydrocephalus: A Prospective Analysis.

Yadav A, Verma R

Cureus 2022; (14(2)):e22354 doi:10.7759/cureus.22354.

Pathogenesis of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus of prematurity: New horizons.

Robinson S, Jantzie LL

Seminars in perinatology 2022; (46(5)):151596 doi:10.1016/j.semperi.2022.151596.

Diagnosis and Surgical Management of Neonatal Hydrocephalus.

Pindrik J, Schulz L, Drapeau A

Seminars in pediatric neurology 2022; (42()):100969 doi:10.1016/j.spen.2022.100969.

Severe Phenotype in Patients with X-linked Hydrocephalus Caused by a Missense Mutation in L1CAM.

Tüysüz B, Ercan-Sençicek AG, Özer E, et al.

Turkish archives of pediatrics 2022; (57(5)):521-525 doi:10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2022.22070.

[Ventriculoperitoneal shunt dysfunction in children: various clinical presentations].

Buis DR, Slot KM, Bakker DP, et al.

Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde 2022; (166()).

A Clinical Study on the Treatment of Recurrent Chiari (Type I) Malformation with Syringomyelia Based on the Dynamics of Cerebrospinal Fluid.

Lou Y, Yang J, Gu H, et al.

BioMed research international 2022; (2022()):9770323 doi:10.1155/2022/9770323.

Effects of the family support and psychoeducation program based on the Calgary Family Intervention Model on the coping, psychological distress and psychological resilience levels of the family caregivers of chronic psychiatric patients.

Sari A, Duman ZÇ

Archives of psychiatric nursing 2022; (41()):1-10 doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2022.07.014.

Higher prevalence of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus-like MRI features in progressive supranuclear palsy: An imaging reminder of atypical parkinsonism.

Fu MH, Huang CC, Wu KLH, et al.

Brain and behavior 2023; (13(2)):e2884 doi:10.1002/brb3.2884.

Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy with Choroid Plexus Cauterization in Infantile Hydrocephalus: An Experience from Mali.

Diallo O, Dama M, Konan L, et al.

Pediatric neurosurgery 2023; (58(1)):38-44 doi:10.1159/000529453.

Symptoms of Cerebrospinal Shunt Malfunction in Young Children: A National Caregiver Survey.

Dorner RA, Lemmon ME, Vazifedan T, et al.

Child neurology open 2023; (10()):2329048X231153513 doi:10.1177/2329048X231153513.

Characterisation of ASD traits among a cohort of children with isolated fetal ventriculomegaly.

Kyriakopoulou V, Davidson A, Chew A, et al.

Nature communications 2023; (14(1)):1550 doi:10.1038/s41467-023-37242-0.

Management of ventriculoperitoneal shunt complications in children: A review of 34 cases.

Ghritlaharey RK

African journal of paediatric surgery : AJPS 2023; (20(2)):109-115 doi:10.4103/ajps.ajps_68_21.

Life on the Frontlines: Caregiver Experience of Pediatric Cerebrospinal Shunt Malfunction.

Dorner RA, Boss RD, Vazifedan T, et al.

Pediatric neurology 2023; (147()):124-129 doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2023.07.021.

Congenital Pediatric Hydrocephalus in the Brazilian Public Health System: The Reality of a Middle-Income Country in the Past 13 Years.

de Macêdo Filho LJM, Mansouri A, Otamendi-Lopez A, et al.

World neurosurgery 2024; (181()):e801-e808 doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2023.10.137.

Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) or ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) for paediatric hydrocephalus due to primary aqueductal stenosis.

Konar S, Singha S, Shukla D, et al.

Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 2024; (40(3)):685-693 doi:10.1007/s00381-023-06210-w.

Advanced cerebrospinal fluid flow MRI findings of aqueductal stenosis caused by web.

Yilmaz TF, Sari L, Toprak H

Journal of clinical ultrasound : JCU 2024; (52(2)):201-207 doi:10.1002/jcu.23606.

A re-evaluation of the Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy Success Score: a Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network study.

Verhey LH, Kulkarni AV, Reeder RW, et al.

Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics 2024; (33(5)):417-427 doi:10.3171/2023.12.PEDS23401.

Assessing the impact of infantile hydrocephalus on visuomotor integration through behavioural and neuroimaging studies.

Adil D, Duerden E, Eagleson R, De Ribaupierre S

Child neuropsychology : a journal on normal and abnormal development in childhood and adolescence 2024; (30(7)):1067-1094 doi:10.1080/09297049.2024.2307662.

Clinical and socioeconomic predictors of shunt malfunction in the pediatric emergency department.

Lehner KR, Alawneh RJ, Lee RP, et al.

Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics 2024; (34(1)):75-83 doi:10.3171/2024.1.PEDS23489.

TRIM71 mutations cause a neurodevelopmental syndrome featuring ventriculomegaly and hydrocephalus.

Duy PQ, Jux B, Zhao S, et al.

Brain : a journal of neurology 2024; (147(12)):4292-4305 doi:10.1093/brain/awae175.

Pathogenic variants in autism gene KATNAL2 cause hydrocephalus and disrupt neuronal connectivity by impairing ciliary microtubule dynamics.

DeSpenza T, Singh A, Allington G, et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2024; (121(27)):e2314702121 doi:10.1073/pnas.2314702121.

Comparing motor development in children with hydrocephalus after treatment with ventriculoperitoneal shunt and endoscopic third ventriculostomy: a cross-sectional study.

Manda M, Nambuzi E, Kaphesi F, et al.

Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi 2024; (36(1)):7-12 doi:10.4314/mmj.v36i1.2.

Metabolic Pathways in Hydrocephalus: Profiling with Proteomics and Advanced Imaging.

Davis LM, Hwang M

Metabolites 2024; (14(8)) doi:10.3390/metabo14080412.

Parental diagnosis of shunt malfunction in children.

Herbert K, Lam A, Mukherjee A, et al.

Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 2024; (40(11)):3597-3600 doi:10.1007/s00381-024-06601-7.

Unilateral Exophthalmos as the First Sign of Chronic Obstructive Hydrocephalus in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report.

Raicevic M, Nikolovski SS, Nedovic S, Milojevic I

Cureus 2024; (16(10)):e71781 doi:10.7759/cureus.71781.

Discrepancies in Subjective Perceptions of Hydrocephalus Management and Self-Reported Outcomes.

Zipfel J, Filip Z, Kohlmann-Dell'Acqua C, et al.

Journal of clinical medicine 2024; (13(23)) doi:10.3390/jcm13237205.

Medical and Early Developmental Outcomes for Patients with Congenital Ventriculomegaly.

Coronel A, Bierbrauer KS, He H, et al.

Fetal diagnosis and therapy 2025; (52(3)):271-279 doi:10.1159/000542269.

Hydrocephalus, healing, and disrupted daily living: exploring maternal experiences at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital in Blantyre, Malawi.

Aukrust CG, Kamalo PD, Tembenu E, et al.

Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi 2024; (36(4)):260-275 doi:10.4314/mmj.v36i4.5.

PTEN mutations impair CSF dynamics and cortical networks by dysregulating periventricular neural progenitors.

DeSpenza T, Kiziltug E, Allington G, et al.

Nature neuroscience 2025; (28(3)):536-557 doi:10.1038/s41593-024-01865-3.

Technological Advances for Gait and Balance in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: A Systematic Review.

Zampogna A, Patera M, Falletti M, et al.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) 2025; (12(2)) doi:10.3390/bioengineering12020135.

Childhood-onset Hydrocephalus.

Robinson S

Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.) 2025; (31(3)):850-864 doi:10.1212/cont.0000000000001578.

Evaluation of the Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy Success Score for Pediatric Hydrocephalus: Experience from a Singapore Children's Hospital.

Ang J, Chua FHZ, Devi S, et al.

Pediatric neurosurgery 2025; (60(3)):64-73 doi:10.1159/000546994.

Genetic etiology of ventriculomegaly in 73 fetuses identified by High-Throughput sequencing.

Chenyue Z, Huiqin X, Jingbo G, et al.

Scientific reports 2025; (15(1)):23622 doi:10.1038/s41598-025-06714-2.

Exploring Ciliary Mechanisms in the Causation of Hydrocephalus in Humans-Similarities and Differences from Animal Models.

Munch TN, Hedley PL, Nielsen KG, et al.

Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN 2025; (75(3)):115 doi:10.1007/s12031-025-02405-9.