Research & Literature

Performance of case definitions for influenza surveillance.

Jiang L, Lee VJ, Lim WY, et al.

Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin 2015; (20(22)):21145.

Serological diagnosis of syphilis: a comparison of different diagnostic methods.

Simčič S, Potočnik M

Acta dermatovenerologica Alpina, Pannonica, et Adriatica 2015; (24(2)):17-20 doi:10.15570/actaapa.2015.6.

Congenital syphilis: trends in mortality and morbidity in the United States, 1999 through 2013.

Su JR, Brooks LC, Davis DW, et al.

American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 2016; (214(3)):381.e1-9.

Dental Stigmata of Congenital Syphilis: A Historic Review With Present Day Relevance.

Nissanka-Jayasuriya EH, Odell EW, Phillips C

Head and neck pathology 2016; (10(3)):327-31 doi:10.1007/s12105-016-0703-z.

Probable case of spotted fever group rickettsial infection in a new suspected endemic area, Colombia.

Gómez-Quintero CH, Faccini-Martínez ÁA, Botero-García CA, et al.

Journal of infection and public health 2017; (10(3)):353-356 doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2016.08.012.

Early Childhood Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Infants Exposed to Infectious Syphilis In Utero.

Verghese VP, Hendson L, Singh A, et al.

The Pediatric infectious disease journal 2018; (37(6)):576-579 doi:10.1097/INF.0000000000001842.

Social Vulnerability in Congenital Syphilis Case Mothers: Qualitative Assessment of Cases in Indiana, 2014 to 2016.

DiOrio D, Kroeger K, Ross A

Sexually transmitted diseases 2018; (45(7)):447-451 doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000783.

Congenital Syphilis and the Prozone Phenomenon: A Case Study.

Spydell LE

Advances in neonatal care : official journal of the National Association of Neonatal Nurses 2018; (18(6)):446-450 doi:10.1097/ANC.0000000000000573.

Syphilis.

Tsang SH, Sharma T

Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2018; (1085()):219-221 doi:10.1007/978-3-319-95046-4_46.

Antibiotic treatment for newborns with congenital syphilis.

Walker GJ, Walker D, Molano Franco D, Grillo-Ardila CF

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2019; (2()):CD012071 doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012071.pub2.

An unusual presentation of early congenital syphilis with annular configuration of blisters resembling "string-of-pearls".

Mathews J, Naseem JA, Neupane N, et al.

Pediatric dermatology 2019; (36(5)):735-736 doi:10.1111/pde.13880.

Neurosyphilis Treatment Outcomes After Intravenous Penicillin G Versus Intramuscular Procaine Penicillin Plus Oral Probenecid.

Dunaway SB, Maxwell CL, Tantalo LC, et al.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2020; (71(2)):267-273 doi:10.1093/cid/ciz795.

Syphilis in Pregnancy.

Tsai S, Sun MY, Kuller JA, et al.

Obstetrical & gynecological survey 2019; (74(9)):557-564 doi:10.1097/OGX.0000000000000713.

Non-immune Hydrops Fetalis and Hepatic Dysfunction in a Preterm Infant With Congenital Syphilis.

Duby J, Bitnun A, Shah V, et al.

Frontiers in pediatrics 2019; (7()):508 doi:10.3389/fped.2019.00508.

Congenital Syphilis in Honiara, Solomon Islands.

Lifigao M, Nasi T, Titiulu C, et al.

Journal of tropical pediatrics 2020; (66(6)):583-588 doi:10.1093/tropej/fmaa017.

Congenital Syphilis Presenting with Prenatal Bowel Hyperechogenicity and Necrotizing.

Çelik M, Bülbül A, Uslu S

Sisli Etfal Hastanesi tip bulteni 2020; (54(1)):113-116 doi:10.14744/SEMB.2018.22605.

Missed Opportunities for Prevention of Congenital Syphilis - United States, 2018.

Kimball A, Torrone E, Miele K, et al.

MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report 2020; (69(22)):661-665 doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6922a1.

Seroprevalence of syphilis by VDRL test and biological false positive reactions in different patient populations: Is it alarming? Our experience from a tertiary care center in India.

Patwardhan VV, Bhattar S, Bhalla P, Rawat D

Indian journal of sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS 2020; (41(1)):43-46 doi:10.4103/0253-7184.194317.

The Shortage of Benzathine Penicillin and Its Impact on Congenital Syphilis Incidence: An Ecologic Study in the City of Rio de Janeiro.

Ueleres Braga J, Araujo RS, de Souza ASS

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2021; (72(5)):e79-e87 doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa1716.

Early limb paralysis in infants: do not forget about congenital syphilis.

Scarcella A, Bortone B, Tersigni C, et al.

International journal of STD & AIDS 2021; (32(8)):768-770 doi:10.1177/0956462420987442.

Syphilis in Neonates and Infants.

Medoro AK, Sánchez PJ

Clinics in perinatology 2021; (48(2)):293-309 doi:10.1016/j.clp.2021.03.005.

Congenital Syphilis: A Case Report Demonstrating Missed Opportunities for Screening and Inadequate Treatment Despite Multiple Health Care Encounters During Pregnancy.

Fukuda A, Katz AR, Park IU, et al.

Sexually transmitted diseases 2021; (48(9)):e124-e125 doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001352.

Complications, clinical manifestations of congenital syphilis, and aspects related to its prevention: an integrative review.

Rocha AFB, Araújo MAL, Barros VL, et al.

Revista brasileira de enfermagem 2021; (74(4)):e20190318 doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0318.

Maternal-to-Fetal Transmission of Syphilis and Congenital Syphilis.

Easterlin MC, Ramanathan R, De Beritto T

NeoReviews 2021; (22(9)):e585-e599 doi:10.1542/neo.22-9-e585.

An analysis of the clinical features of children with early congenital Syphilis and Syphilitic Hepatitis.

Yang H, Zhang H, Wang C, Pang L

BMC pediatrics 2021; (21(1)):498 doi:10.1186/s12887-021-02932-5.

Long bone radiographic abnormalities of congenital syphilis in a preterm infant.

Tsan K, Mulcahy B, Malhotra A

Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition 2023; (108(5)):451 doi:10.1136/archdischild-2021-323134.

A Case of Congenital Syphilis-Focus on Histopathology and Literature Review.

Balaban A, Al-Rohil RN

The American Journal of dermatopathology 2022; (44(5)):372-375 doi:10.1097/DAD.0000000000002055.

The Clinical Characteristics and Serological Outcomes of Infants With Confirmed or Suspected Congenital Syphilis in Shanghai, China: A Hospital-Based Study.

Dai Y, Zhai G, Zhang S, et al.

Frontiers in pediatrics 2022; (10()):802071 doi:10.3389/fped.2022.802071.

Fetal and neonatal abnormalities due to congenital syphilis: A literature review.

David M, Hcini N, Mandelbrot L, et al.

Prenatal diagnosis 2022; (42(5)):643-655 doi:10.1002/pd.6135.

[Newborn with syphilitic pemphigus in pandemic's time].

Aguilante C, Durán JA, Ahumada E, Sandoval A

Revista chilena de infectologia : organo oficial de la Sociedad Chilena de Infectologia 2021; (38(6)):800-804 doi:10.4067/s0716-10182021000600800.

Congenital neurosyphilis presenting as neonatal sepsis.

Iskandar W, Permatagalih V, Primadi A, Gamayani U

Journal of infection in developing countries 2022; (16(6)):1113-1117 doi:10.3855/jidc.15662.

Syphilis in pregnancy: an ongoing public health threat.

Eppes CS, Stafford I, Rac M

American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 2022; (227(6)):822-838 doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2022.07.041.

Congenital syphilis as the cause of multiple bone fractures in a young infant case report.

Koliou M, Chatzicharalampous E, Charalambous M, Aristeidou K

BMC pediatrics 2022; (22(1)):728 doi:10.1186/s12887-022-03789-y.

"I'll Be There": Informal and Formal Support Systems and Mothers' Psychological Distress during NICU Hospitalization.

Kestler-Peleg M, Stenger V, Lavenda O, et al.

Children (Basel, Switzerland) 2022; (9(12)) doi:10.3390/children9121958.

An inscrutable entity: A case report of late congenital syphilis.

Rathwa PK, Chauhan J, Patel NP, et al.

Indian journal of sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS 2022; (43(2)):192-193 doi:10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_1_22.

Quality of life, depressive symptoms, anxiety, and sexual function in mothers of neonates with congenital syphilis in the Northeast Brazil: A cohort study.

Tavares CSS, Gomes Dos Santos Oliveira SJ, de Gois-Santos VT, et al.

Lancet regional health. Americas 2022; (7()):100127 doi:10.1016/j.lana.2021.100127.

Incidence and associated factors of congenital syphilis at a tertiary care center in Thailand.

Kulsirichawaroj P, Lumbiganon D

Asian biomedicine : research, reviews and news 2023; (17(1)):13-21 doi:10.2478/abm-2023-0039.

Congenital Syphilis-An Illustrative Review.

Sankaran D, Partridge E, Lakshminrusimha S

Children (Basel, Switzerland) 2023; (10(8)) doi:10.3390/children10081310.

Poliovirus type 1 systemic humoral and intestinal mucosal immunity induced by monovalent oral poliovirus vaccine, fractional inactivated poliovirus vaccine, and bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine: A randomized controlled trial.

Snider CJ, Zaman K, Wilkinson AL, et al.

Vaccine 2023; (41(41)):6083-6092 doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.08.055.

Pemphigus syphiliticus with Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction in a newborn.

Pañgan EAC, Asetre-Luna I, Uy MEV, Esguerra AKM

Pediatric dermatology 2024; (41(1)):153-155 doi:10.1111/pde.15428.

The prevalence of risk for hearing impairment in newborns with congenital syphilis in a newborn hearing screening program (NHS).

Oliveira TDS, Dutra MRP, Nunes-Araujo ADDS, et al.

Frontiers in public health 2023; (11()):1214762 doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1214762.

Research progress on the mechanism of Treponema pallidum breaking through placental barrier.

Li W, Yuan W, Huang S, et al.

Microbial pathogenesis 2023; (185()):106392 doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106392.

Placental weights of neonates born with symptomatic congenital syphilis.

Pillay S, Horn AR, Tooke L

Frontiers in pediatrics 2023; (11()):1215387 doi:10.3389/fped.2023.1215387.

Clinical-Demographic and Laboratory Profile of the Mother-Child Binomial With Syphilis in a Tertiary-Level Hospital in Mexico.

Pérez Cavazos S, Molina de la Garza JF, Rodríguez Saldivar MM, et al.

Sexually transmitted diseases 2024; (51(1)):11-14 doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001878.

Psychological distress among postpartum women who took opioids during pregnancy: the role of perceived stigma in healthcare settings.

Bann CM, Okoniewski KC, Clarke L, et al.

Archives of women's mental health 2024; (27(2)):275-283 doi:10.1007/s00737-023-01390-5.

Congenital syphilis: the re-emergence of a forgotten disease.

Foles AI, Eiras Dias M, Figueiredo M, Marçal M

BMJ case reports 2024; (17(1)) doi:10.1136/bcr-2023-257694.

Response to Ceftriaxone in Asymptomatic Neurosyphilis Refractory to Doxycycline and Benzathine Penicillin.

Lakhey K, Kumar A, Manoj R, et al.

Cureus 2024; (16(2)):e55196 doi:10.7759/cureus.55196.

Congenital Syphilis: A Case Report Presenting a Rare Clinical Manifestation in Two-Month-Old Newborn in Bahrain.

Maqwar ZB, Alalawi AS

Cureus 2024; (16(3)):e56005 doi:10.7759/cureus.56005.

Scoping review of hearing loss attributed to congenital syphilis.

Amjad Hafeeez A, Cavalcanti Bezerra K, Jimoh Z, et al.

PloS one 2024; (19(4)):e0302452 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0302452.

Social Factors Associated With Congenital Syphilis in Missouri.

Daniels E, Atkinson A, Cardoza N, et al.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2024; (79(3)):744-750 doi:10.1093/cid/ciae260.

Congenital Syphilis in Live Births: Adverse Outcomes, Hospital Length of Stay, and Costs.

Chen HY, Klausner JD, Stafford IA

Obstetrics and gynecology 2024; (144(2)):207-214 doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000005642.

A Retrospective Cohort Study on Treponema pallidum Infection: Clinical Trends and Treatment Outcomes for Congenital Syphilis in Guangxi, China (2013-2023).

Patil S, Li X, Liu P, et al.

Infection and drug resistance 2024; (17()):2351-2359 doi:10.2147/IDR.S467426.

A Review of Syphilis Infection in Pediatric Patients.

Labudde EJ, Lee J

Pediatrics in review 2024; (45(7)):373-380 doi:10.1542/pir.2023-006309.

An infant with acral peeling of skin: A curious case of congenital syphilis.

Shahid R, Pradhan S, Dash G

Indian journal of sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS 2024; (45(1)):67-69 doi:10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_15_24.

Increase in congenital syphilis in a tertiary-care centre from Madrid, Spain: Back to the classics.

Maldonado-Barrueco A, Sanz-González C, Falces-Romero I, et al.

International journal of STD & AIDS 2024; (35(11)):916-918 doi:10.1177/09564624241264581.

Congenital Syphilis-Comprehensive Narrative Review of Alternative Antibiotic Treatment for Use in Neonates.

Villarreal DD, Le J, Klausner JD

Sexually transmitted diseases 2024; (51(12)):775-779 doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000002057.

Describing the Heterogeneity of Clinical Utilization of Congenital Syphilis Diagnostic Modalities Among Major United States Tertiary Children's Hospitals, 2017-2022.

Flores JM, Grills N, Kane JM, et al.

Sexually transmitted diseases 2024; (51(12)):780-783 doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000002054.

A unique case report of mulberry second molar in a non-syphilitic patient.

Harizanova Z, Popova F, Peycheva M

Medicine 2024; (103(30)):e39127 doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000039127.

[Translated article] AEDV Expert Consensus for the Management of Syphilis.

Fuertes de Vega L, de la Torre García JM, Suarez Farfante JM, Ceballos Rodríguez MC

Actas dermo-sifiliograficas 2024; (115(9)):T896-T905 doi:10.1016/j.ad.2024.08.006.

ASTDA Position Paper: Alternatives to Benzathine Penicillin G for the Treatment of Syphilis During Pregnancy.

Batteiger T, Liu E, Sheffield J, et al.

Sexually transmitted diseases 2025; (52(4)):195-200 doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000002108.

Bone abnormalities in congenital syphilis: A case report.

Tascón-Barona AH, Coral-Rivera NS

Radiology case reports 2025; (20(2)):871-873 doi:10.1016/j.radcr.2024.10.137.

Improving the detection of congenital syphilis: reviewing test utility and adherence to recommendations.

Lim SMJ, Gooding H, Walczak A, et al.

Pathology 2025; (57(3)):352-356 doi:10.1016/j.pathol.2024.09.010.

Congenital Bullous Syphilis: A Case Report from Italy and a Comprehensive Literature Review.

Cammarata E, Esposto E, Di Cristo N, et al.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) 2025; (61(1)) doi:10.3390/medicina61010158.

Are We Playing It Fast and Loose With the Serofast?

Nelson BD, Lawrence SM, Simek K, et al.

The Pediatric infectious disease journal 2025; (44(2)):174-179 doi:10.1097/INF.0000000000004585.

The rise of congenital syphilis in Canada: threats and opportunities.

Tetteh A, Moore V

Frontiers in public health 2024; (12()):1522698 doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1522698.

'Unveiling the hidden threat: Delayed presentation of congenital syphilis'.

Mishra N, Shukla A, Gupta A

Tropical doctor 2025; (55(2)):150-151 doi:10.1177/00494755251325318.

The Utility of Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis in Guiding Management of Infants Exposed to Syphilis in Utero.

McCleery EJ, Plotzker RE, Partridge E

The Pediatric infectious disease journal 2025; (44(8)):813-817 doi:10.1097/INF.0000000000004791.

Clinical and Imaging Features of Syphilis from Head to Toe.

Kano S, Inoue A, Masuoka S, et al.

Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc 2025; (45(6)):e240170 doi:10.1148/rg.240170.

Factors influencing adult and adolescent completion of treatment for late syphilis: a mixed methods systematic review.

Tobin R, Roberts M, Phoo NNN, et al.

Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2025; (103(5)):316-327E doi:10.2471/BLT.24.291684.

Screening for Syphilis Infection During Pregnancy: US Preventive Services Task Force Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement.

, Silverstein M, Wong JB, et al.

JAMA 2025; (333(22)):2006-2012 doi:10.1001/jama.2025.5009.

Bridging Gaps in Congenital Syphilis Care: A Quality Improvement Initiative for Comprehensive Management at a Large Public Hospital in Los Angeles, California, USA.

Villarreal DD, Perez J, Cielo MD, et al.

Sexually transmitted diseases 2025; (52(9)):529-534 doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000002175.

A case report of congenital pemphigus syphiliticus in a preterm neonate: Insights into diagnosis, treatment, and long-term follow-up in a resource-limited country (Cambodia).

Sim B, Din V, Im S, Bin S

SAGE open medical case reports 2025; (13()):2050313X251358975 doi:10.1177/2050313X251358975.

Relationship Between Neonatal Nontreponemal Titers and Congenital Syphilis Treatment Patterns in Neonates Born to People With Adequately Treated Syphilis During Pregnancy.

Stark K, DaCosta S, Mosqueda A, Stafford I

Sexually transmitted diseases 2026; (53(3)):e24-e25 doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000002229.

How to interpret syphilis testing.

Ali F, Ye S, Meesters K

Archives of disease in childhood. Education and practice edition 2026; (111(2)):71-77 doi:10.1136/archdischild-2025-329055.

Serologic Follow-Up of Infants Exposed to Maternal Syphilis During Pregnancy.

Tse-Chang A, Schwartz D, Robinson J, et al.

Sexually transmitted diseases 2026; (53(3)):176-182 doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000002269.

Syphilis in the post-Covid-19 pandemic world.

Salvaggio MR, McCloskey C, Siegrist E

The American journal of the medical sciences 2026; (371(2)):151-157 doi:10.1016/j.amjms.2025.10.025.

Case Report: Congenital neurosyphilis presenting as post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus in a preterm infant and a review of literature.

De Rose DU, Martini L, Ronchetti MP, et al.

Frontiers in pediatrics 2025; (13()):1675980 doi:10.3389/fped.2025.1675980.

Congenital Syphilis: A Threat to Neonatal Health.

Holland M, Steger A, Jnah A

Neonatal network : NN 2025; (44(6)):376-388 doi:10.1891/NN-2025-0020.

Historical Trends and Epidemiological Indicators of Congenital Syphilis in São Paulo, Brazil: 1986-2023.

Matos MR, Callado GY, Araujo Júnior E, Pontes KFM

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 2025; (58()):e01132025 doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0113-2025.

The nurse's role in preventing and treating congenital syphilis.

Mersiovsky A

Nursing 2026; (56(1)):24-32 doi:10.1097/NSG.0000000000000312.