Research & Literature

Detection and Nonoperative Management of Pediatric Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip in Infants up to Six Months of Age.

Mulpuri K, Song KM, Goldberg MJ, Sevarino K

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 2015; (23(3)):202-5 doi:10.5435/JAAOS-D-15-00006.

Ilfeld abduction orthosis is an effective second-line treatment after failure of Pavlik harness for infants with developmental dysplasia of the hip.

Sankar WN, Nduaguba A, Flynn JM

The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume 2015; (97(4)):292-7 doi:10.2106/JBJS.N.00707.

Sonographic Assessment of Hip Swaddling Techniques in Infants With and Without DDH.

Harcke HT, Karatas AF, Cummings S, Bowen JR

Journal of pediatric orthopedics 2016; (36(3)):232-8 doi:10.1097/BPO.0000000000000446.

Success of Pavlik Harness Treatment Decreases in Patients ≥ 4 Months and in Ultrasonographically Dislocated Hips in Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip.

Ömeroğlu H, Köse N, Akceylan A

Clinical orthopaedics and related research 2016; (474(5)):1146-52 doi:10.1007/s11999-015-4388-5.

Does Perfusion MRI After Closed Reduction of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Reduce the Incidence of Avascular Necrosis?

Gornitzky AL, Georgiadis AG, Seeley MA, et al.

Clinical orthopaedics and related research 2016; (474(5)):1153-65 doi:10.1007/s11999-015-4387-6.

Surgical treatment for young adult hip dysplasia: joint-preserving options.

Chen M, Shang XF

International orthopaedics 2016; (40(5)):891-900 doi:10.1007/s00264-015-2927-z.

Successful Pavlik Harness Treatment for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip and Normal X-Ray at the Age of 2 Years: Is a Longer Follow-up Necessary?

Allington NJ

Journal of pediatric orthopedics 2017; (37(5)):328-331 doi:10.1097/BPO.0000000000000657.

How Does Bony Surgery Affect Results of Anterior Open Reduction in Walking-age Children With Developmental Hip Dysplasia?

Kothari A, Grammatopoulos G, Hopewell S, Theologis T

Clinical orthopaedics and related research 2016; (474(5)):1199-208 doi:10.1007/s11999-015-4598-x.

Developmental dysplasia of the hip: What has changed in the last 20 years?

Kotlarsky P, Haber R, Bialik V, Eidelman M

World journal of orthopedics 2015; (6(11)):886-901 doi:10.5312/wjo.v6.i11.886.

MR Imaging in Postreduction Assessment of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: Goals and Obstacles.

Rosenbaum DG, Servaes S, Bogner EA, et al.

Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc 2016; (36(3)):840-54 doi:10.1148/rg.2016150159.

Risk factors for avascular necrosis after closed reduction for developmental dysplasia of the hip.

Schur MD, Lee C, Arkader A, et al.

Journal of children's orthopaedics 2016; (10(3)):185-92 doi:10.1007/s11832-016-0743-7.

Quality of reduction and prognosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip: a retrospective study.

Ge Y, Cai H, Wang Z

Hip international : the journal of clinical and experimental research on hip pathology and therapy 2016; (26(4)):355-9 doi:10.5301/hipint.5000348.

Disparity between Clinical and Ultrasound Examinations in Neonatal Hip Screening.

Kyung BS, Lee SH, Jeong WK, Park SY

Clinics in orthopedic surgery 2016; (8(2)):203-9 doi:10.4055/cios.2016.8.2.203.

Education of parents in Pavlik harness application for developmental dysplasia of the hip using a validated simulated learning module.

Gargan KE, Bradley CS, Maxwell A, et al.

Journal of children's orthopaedics 2016; (10(4)):289-93 doi:10.1007/s11832-016-0751-7.

Surgical Management of Pediatric Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip.

Murphy RF, Kim YJ

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 2016; (24(9)):615-24 doi:10.5435/JAAOS-D-15-00154.

Hip dysplasia in the young adult caused by residual childhood and adolescent-onset dysplasia.

Pun S

Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine 2016; (9(4)):427-434 doi:10.1007/s12178-016-9369-0.

Intraoperative Arthrogram Predicts Residual Dysplasia after Successful Closed Reduction of DDH.

Zhang ZL, Fu Z, Yang JP, et al.

Orthopaedic surgery 2016; (8(3)):338-44 doi:10.1111/os.12273.

A protocol for the use of closed reduction in children with developmental dysplasia of the hip incorporating open psoas and adductor releases and a short-leg cast: Mid-term outcomes in 113 hips.

Tennant SJ, Eastwood DM, Calder P, et al.

The bone & joint journal 2016; (98-B(11)):1548-1553 doi:10.1302/0301-620X.98B11.36606.

Evaluation and Referral for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip in Infants.

Shaw BA, Segal LS,

Pediatrics 2016; (138(6)).

Screening in Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH).

Paton RW

The surgeon : journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland 2017; (15(5)):290-296 doi:10.1016/j.surge.2017.05.002.

Developmental dysplasia of the hip: an update on diagnosis and management from birth to 6 months.

Swarup I, Penny CL, Dodwell ER

Current opinion in pediatrics 2018; (30(1)):84-92 doi:10.1097/MOP.0000000000000574.

The positive predictive value of asymmetrical skin creases in the diagnosis of pathological developmental dysplasia of the hip.

Anderton MJ, Hastie GR, Paton RW

The bone & joint journal 2018; (100-B(5)):675-679 doi:10.1302/0301-620X.100B5.BJJ-2017-0994.R2.

Developmental dysplasia of the hip: addressing evidence gaps with a multicentre prospective international study.

Schaeffer EK, Study Group I, Mulpuri K

The Medical journal of Australia 2018; (208(8)):359-364 doi:10.5694/mja18.00154.

Docking of the Femoral Head Following Closed Reduction for DDH: Does it Really Occur?

Talathi NS, Chauvin NA, Sankar WN

Journal of pediatric orthopedics 2018; (38(8)):e440-e445 doi:10.1097/BPO.0000000000001199.

Ultrasound screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip after 4 weeks increases exam accuracy and decreases follow-up visits.

Lussier EC, Sun YT, Chen HW, et al.

Pediatrics and neonatology 2019; (60(3)):270-277 doi:10.1016/j.pedneo.2018.07.008.

Treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip with the Pavlik harness in children under six months of age: indications, results and failures.

Ömeroglu H

Journal of children's orthopaedics 2018; (12(4)):308-316 doi:10.1302/1863-2548.12.180055.

Results of universal ultrasound screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip: a prospective follow-up of 28 092 consecutive infants.

Biedermann R, Riccabona J, Giesinger JM, et al.

The bone & joint journal 2018; (100-B(10)):1399-1404 doi:10.1302/0301-620X.100B10.BJJ-2017-1539.R2.

Effectiveness of abduction orthosis for the treatment of acetabular dysplasia.

Yılmaz G, Bakırcıoğlu S, Çetik RM

Eklem hastaliklari ve cerrahisi = Joint diseases & related surgery 2019; (30(1)):32-7.

Clinical significance of asymmetric skin folds in the medial thigh for the infantile screening of developmental dysplasia of the hip.

Kang MS, Han GW, Kam M, Park SS

Pediatrics and neonatology 2019; (60(5)):570-576 doi:10.1016/j.pedneo.2019.02.004.

Asymmetrical thigh creases or isolated thigh crease may be a false positive sign with low predictive value in the diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants: a prospective cohort study of 117 patients.

Touzopoulos P, Markeas NG

European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie 2020; (30(1)):133-138 doi:10.1007/s00590-019-02529-w.

Revascularization of the necrotic femoral head after traumatic open anterior hip dislocation in a child: a case report.

Momii K, Hamai S, Motomura G, et al.

Journal of medical case reports 2019; (13(1)):254 doi:10.1186/s13256-019-2192-7.

MRI in Postreduction Evaluation of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: Our Experience.

Dibello D, Odoni L, Pederiva F, Di Carlo V

Journal of pediatric orthopedics 2019; (39(9)):449-452 doi:10.1097/BPO.0000000000001037.

Comparison of Pavlik Harness treatment regimens for reduced but dislocatable (Barlow positive) hips in infantile DDH.

Neal D, Beckwith T, Hines A, et al.

Journal of orthopaedics 2019; (16(5)):440-444 doi:10.1016/j.jor.2019.06.027.

Early detection of developmental dysplasia of hip by ultrasound.

Gyurkovits Z, Sohár G, Baricsa A, et al.

Hip international : the journal of clinical and experimental research on hip pathology and therapy 2021; (31(3)):424-429 doi:10.1177/1120700019879687.

Developmental dysplasia of the hip: update of management.

Vaquero-Picado A, González-Morán G, Garay EG, Moraleda L

EFORT open reviews 2019; (4(9)):548-556 doi:10.1302/2058-5241.4.180019.

Imaging of developmental dysplasia of the hip: ultrasound, radiography and magnetic resonance imaging.

Barrera CA, Cohen SA, Sankar WN, et al.

Pediatric radiology 2019; (49(12)):1652-1668 doi:10.1007/s00247-019-04504-3.

Is experience alone sufficient to diagnose developmental dysplasia of the hip without the bony roof (alpha angle) and the cartilage roof (beta angle) measurements?: A diagnostic accuracy study.

Sari AS, Karakus O

Medicine 2020; (99(14)):e19677 doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000019677.

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip in Infants - A Review for Providers.

Blankespoor M, Ferrell K, Reuter A, Reuter S

South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association 2020; (73(5)):223-227.

Predicting developmental dysplasia of the hip in at-risk newborns.

Roposch A, Protopapa E, Malaga-Shaw O, et al.

BMC musculoskeletal disorders 2020; (21(1)):442 doi:10.1186/s12891-020-03454-4.

Developmental dysplasia of the hip.

Zhang S, Doudoulakis KJ, Khurwal A, Sarraf KM

British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005) 2020; (81(7)):1-8 doi:10.12968/hmed.2020.0223.

Team Approach: Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip.

Young JR, Anderson MJ, O'Connor CM, et al.

JBJS reviews 2020; (8(9)):e20.00030 doi:10.2106/JBJS.RVW.20.00030.

Management of late-detected DDH in children under three years of age: 49 children with follow-up to skeletal maturity.

Terjesen T, Horn J

Bone & joint open 2020; (1(4)):55-63 doi:10.1302/2633-1462.14.BJO-2019-0005.R1.

Dynamic and Static Splinting for Treatment of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: A Systematic Review.

Pavone V, de Cristo C, Vescio A, et al.

Children (Basel, Switzerland) 2021; (8(2)) doi:10.3390/children8020104.

MRI risk factors for development of avascular necrosis after closed reduction of developmental dysplasia of the hip: Predictive value of contrast-enhanced MRI.

Cheon JE, Kim JY, Choi YH, et al.

PloS one 2021; (16(3)):e0248701 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0248701.

Tübingen hip flexion splint more successful than Pavlik harness for decentred hips after the age of three months.

Lyu X, Chen T, Yang Z, et al.

The bone & joint journal 2021; (103-B(5)):991-998 doi:10.1302/0301-620X.103B5.BJJ-2020-1946.R1.

Ultrasound of the neonatal hip as a screening tool for DDH: how to screen and differences in screening programs between European countries.

Kilsdonk I, Witbreuk M, Van Der Woude HJ

Journal of ultrasonography 2021; (21(85)):e147-e153 doi:10.15557/JoU.2021.0024.

Association between timing and duration of breech presentation during pregnancy and developmental dysplasia of the hip: A case-control study.

Konijnendijk A, Vrugteveen E, Voorthuis B, Boere-Boonekamp M

Journal of child health care : for professionals working with children in the hospital and community 2023; (27(1)):35-45 doi:10.1177/13674935211042198.

Traditional Mongolian swaddling and developmental dysplasia of the hip: a randomized controlled trial.

Ulziibat M, Munkhuu B, Bataa AE, et al.

BMC pediatrics 2021; (21(1)):450 doi:10.1186/s12887-021-02910-x.

Principles of Bracing in the Early Management of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip.

Merchant R, Singh A, Dala-Ali B, et al.

Indian journal of orthopaedics 2021; (55(6)):1417-1427 doi:10.1007/s43465-021-00525-z.

Developmental Dysplasia of Hip and Post-natal Positioning: Role of Swaddling and Baby-Wearing.

Vaidya S, Aroojis A, Mehta R

Indian journal of orthopaedics 2021; (55(6)):1410-1416 doi:10.1007/s43465-021-00513-3.

Residual Acetabular Dysplasia in the Reduced Hip.

Baghdadi S, Sankar WN

Indian journal of orthopaedics 2021; (55(6)):1480-1489 doi:10.1007/s43465-021-00515-1.

Pelvic osteotomies in hip dysplasia: why, when and how?

Venkatadass K, Durga Prasad V, Al Ahmadi NMM, Rajasekaran S

EFORT open reviews 2022; (7(2)):153-163 doi:10.1530/EOR-21-0066.

Short Term Results of Early Treatment of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip or Luxation with Pavlik Harness in Human Position.

Gahleitner M, Hochgatterer R, Großbötzl G, et al.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) 2022; (58(2)) doi:10.3390/medicina58020206.

Surveillance for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip in India: Consensus Guidelines From the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of India, Indian Academy of Pediatrics, National Neonatology Forum of India, Indian Radiological and Imaging Association, Indian Federation of Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, Federation of Obstetric and Gynaecological Societies of India, and Indian Orthopaedic Association.

Aroojis A, Anne RP, Li J, et al.

Indian pediatrics 2022; (59(8)):626-635.

Surgical treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip in children - A monocentric study about 414 hips.

Tazi Charki M, Abdellaoui H, Atarraf K, Afifi MA

SICOT-J 2022; (8()):29 doi:10.1051/sicotj/2022030.

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: A Review.

Sioutis S, Kolovos S, Papakonstantinou ME, et al.

Journal of long-term effects of medical implants 2022; (32(3)):39-56 doi:10.1615/JLongTermEffMedImplants.2022040393.

Caregiver Experiences Using Orthotic Treatment Options for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip in Children.

Grzybowski G, Bliven E, Wu L, et al.

Journal of pediatric orthopedics 2023; (43(2)):105-110 doi:10.1097/BPO.0000000000002312.

The Ortolani test has a high positive predictive value in clinical hip screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip.

Maikku M, Rantala T, Valkama M

Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) 2023; (112(7)):1586-1591 doi:10.1111/apa.16757.

Fifty percent of patients undergoing periacetabular osteotomy for hip dysplasia showed normal findings upon neonatal ultrasound screening : Symptomatic hip dysplasia in adulthood despite inconspicuous neonatal hip ultrasound.

Haertlé M, Hawi H, Windhagen H, et al.

Orthopadie (Heidelberg, Germany) 2023; (52(4)):313-319 doi:10.1007/s00132-023-04357-7.

Outcomes of Open Reduction in Children With Developmental Hip Dislocation: A Multicenter Experience Over a Decade.

Cummings JL, Oladeji AK, Rosenfeld S, et al.

Journal of pediatric orthopedics 2023; (43(6)):e405-e410 doi:10.1097/BPO.0000000000002413.

Femoral nerve palsy during Pavlik harness treatment for developmental dysplasia of the hip is not an indication for harness abandonment.

Ghanem I, Karam G, Ghanem D, Saliba I

Journal of children's orthopaedics 2023; (17(3)):205-211 doi:10.1177/18632521231172986.

A comprehensive nonoperative treatment protocol for developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants : a prospective longitudinal cohort study.

Bradley CS, Verma Y, Maddock CL, et al.

The bone & joint journal 2023; (105-B(8)):935-942 doi:10.1302/0301-620X.105B8.BJJ-2023-0149.R1.

Family History of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip is a Risk Factor for the Progression of Hip Osteoarthritis.

Yoshino S, Yamaguchi R, Tanaka H, et al.

The Journal of arthroplasty 2024; (39(2)):393-397.e1 doi:10.1016/j.arth.2023.08.026.

Does Screening Ultrasound Timing in Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Need to be Adjusted for Moderate Preterm and Near-term Infants: A Prospective Study.

Hockett C, Mayfield LM, Gill CS, et al.

Journal of pediatric orthopedics 2024; (44(1)):e25-e29 doi:10.1097/BPO.0000000000002540.

Ultrasonographic screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip: the Graf method revisited.

Kolovos S, Sioutis S, Papakonstantinou ME, et al.

European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie 2024; (34(2)):723-734 doi:10.1007/s00590-023-03767-9.

Twelve to Twenty-year Follow-up of Dega Acetabuloplasty in Patients With Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: Is it as Effective as Expected?

Danişman M, Dursun G, Koçyiğit İA, et al.

Journal of pediatric orthopedics 2024; (44(1)):15-21 doi:10.1097/BPO.0000000000002558.

Long-term Results of Developmental Hip Dysplasia Under Therapy With Pavlik Harness.

Gahleitner M, Pisecky L, Gotterbarm T, et al.

Journal of pediatric orthopedics 2024; (44(3)):135-140 doi:10.1097/BPO.0000000000002575.

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip - Part 1.

Braga SR, Júnior AR, Akkari M, et al.

Revista brasileira de ortopedia 2023; (58(6)):e839-e846 doi:10.1055/s-0042-1758371.

An Eastern Europe and Middle East multinational expert Delphi consensus study on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip before walking age.

Ömeroğlu H, Yüksel S, Demir P, et al.

International orthopaedics 2024; (48(6)):1373-1380 doi:10.1007/s00264-023-06077-1.

Incidence of Nerve Palsies During Pavlik Harness Treatment for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Gross PW, Chipman DE, Nagra K, et al.

The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume 2024; (106(6)):525-530 doi:10.2106/JBJS.23.00948.

Risk Factors for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Before 3 Months of Age: A Meta-Analysis.

Tirta M, Rahbek O, Kold S, Husum HC

JAMA network open 2025; (8(1)):e2456153 doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.56153.

Follow-up after successful treatment for developmental dysplasia of the hip using a Pavlik harness : is two years enough?

Larwood JPJ, Idowu O, Elliott KGB, et al.

The bone & joint journal 2025; (107-B(4)):495-500 doi:10.1302/0301-620X.107B4.BJJ-2023-1213.R2.

Closed Reduction of Developmental Dislocation of the Hip with Application of a Waterproof Cast.

Herrero C, Cerasani MN, Lowe D, et al.

Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America 2023; (5(2)):650 doi:10.55275/JPOSNA-2023-650.

Assessment and Management of Residual Acetabular Dysplasia from Age 1 to 5 Years: Defining Normal Acetabular Index Values and Indications for Treatment.

Johnson TR, Pun SY, Morris WZ, et al.

JBJS reviews 2025; (13(6)) doi:10.2106/JBJS.RVW.25.00062.

Epidemiology and Screening of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip in Europe: A Scoping Review.

Laskaratou ED, Eleftheriades A, Sperelakis I, et al.

Reports (MDPI) 2024; (7(1)) doi:10.3390/reports7010010.

Bilateral Femoral Nerve Palsy with Right Hip Subluxation in Newborn with History of Breech Presentation: A Case Report.

Iqbal MZ, Sagade BS, Mehta R

JBJS case connector 2025; (15(3)) doi:e25.00274.

Sensitivity of clinical screening for detecting developmental dysplasia of the hip: a retrospective study.

Pittaluga E, Arnoux A, Merckaert S

Swiss medical weekly 2025; (155()):4077 doi:10.57187/s.4077.

Radiographic criteria in developmental dysplasia of the hip in late infancy, inter and intrareader agreement.

Alam D, Hallit S, Mandour J, et al.

PloS one 2025; (20(8)):e0329230 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0329230.

Is the Hip Located? What is the Value of Advanced Imaging at the Time of Spica Exchange for Infantile Hip Dysplasia?

Beck EJ, Stern E, Bommineni M, et al.

Journal of pediatric orthopedics 2026; (46(5)):e441-e447 doi:10.1097/BPO.0000000000003215.

Revisiting selected risk factors and their association with ultrasonographic hip types in developmental dysplasia of the hip: a multivariate regression analysis.

Demirel M, Demir B, Çalış ZE, et al.

BMC pediatrics 2026; (26(1)).

Does gradual weaning improve outcomes after successful Pavlik harness treatment in developmental hip dysplasia? A retrospective comparative study.

Kocak S, Diril SK, Caliskan M, et al.

Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 2026; (146(1)):64 doi:10.1007/s00402-026-06239-x.

Residual Acetabular Dysplasia in Young Children: a Comprehensive Review of Diagnosis and Management.

Sang L, Kelly N, Neuner J, Swarup I

Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine 2026; (19(1)).

Femoral nerve palsy in brace treatment for developmental dysplasia of the hip : incidence and outcomes in a prospective international cohort.

Schaeffer EK, Wang AWT, Hu J, et al.

The bone & joint journal 2026; (108-B(6)):840-846 doi:10.1302/0301-620X.108B6.BJJ-2025-1550.R1.

A mini-review of risk factors for developmental dysplasia of the hip: insights from multiple comparative cohort studies.

Cho T, Nair A, Stokey P, et al.

Journal of pediatric orthopedics. Part B 2026; (35(6)):547-553 doi:10.1097/BPB.0000000000001365.

Femoral Nerve Palsy as a Complication of Pavlik Harness Treatment for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: Ten-Year Prospective Study.

Khan T, Douglas C, Khan Z, Edel P

Journal of pediatric orthopedics 2026; (46(10)):650-653 doi:10.1097/BPO.0000000000003433.

Relationship of self-reported pain, degree of hip dysplasia, and behavioral health diagnosis.

Richard HM, Strub DR, Tulchin-Francis K, et al.

Journal of hip preservation surgery 2026; (13(3)):268-272 doi:10.1093/jhps/hnaf071.