Research & Literature

Brain Imaging in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension.

Bidot S, Saindane AM, Peragallo JH, et al.

Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society 2015; (35(4)):400-11 doi:10.1097/WNO.0000000000000303.

Psychosis in Secondary Empty Sella Syndrome following a Russell's Viper Bite.

Ratnakaran B, Punnoose VP, Das S, Kartha A

Indian journal of psychological medicine 2016; (38(3)):254-6 doi:10.4103/0253-7176.183079.

Resolution of symptomatic secondary empty sella syndrome following lumbar-peritoneal shunt.

Nizamani WM, Siddiqui M, Ali Momin SN, et al.

Surgical neurology international 2018; (9()):72 doi:10.4103/sni.sni_267_17.

Refractory Hypoglycemia and Seizures as the Initial Presenting Manifestation of Empty Sella Syndrome.

Sethuraman VK, Viswanathan S, Aghoram R

Cureus 2018; (10(6)):e2803 doi:10.7759/cureus.2803.

[Comparison and analysis of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea with and without empty sella patients].

Wang SY, Wang YF, Sun JW

Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery 2018; (32(22)):1707-1710S doi:10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2018.22.006.

Rare empty sella syndrome found after postoperative hypotension and respiratory failure: A case report.

Guo P, Xu ZJ, Hu CE, et al.

World journal of clinical cases 2019; (7(5)):663-667 doi:10.12998/wjcc.v7.i5.663.

The Significance and Reliability of Imaging Findings in Pseudotumor Cerebri.

Delen F, Peker E, Onay M, et al.

Neuro-ophthalmology (Aeolus Press) 2019; (43(2)):81-90 doi:10.1080/01658107.2018.1493514.

Symptomatic Primary Tethered Optic Chiasm: Technical Case Report.

Byrne N, Kochanski RB, Tajudeen B, Byrne RW

Operative neurosurgery (Hagerstown, Md.) 2020; (19(4)):E440-E445 doi:10.1093/ons/opaa093.

Russell's viper bite and the empty sella syndrome.

Yerawar C, Punde D, Pandit A, Deokar P

QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians 2021; (114(4)):255-257 doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcaa197.

Non-communicating hydrocephalus with a primary empty sella presenting with growth hormone deficiency and delayed puberty successfully treated by endoscopic third ventriculocisternostomy.

Krejčí T, Krejčí O, Mrůzek M, et al.

Acta neurochirurgica 2021; (163(2)):511-514 doi:10.1007/s00701-020-04481-9.

Clinical presentation, evaluation and case management of primary empty sella syndrome: a retrospective analysis of 10-year single-center patient data.

Ekhzaimy AA, Mujammami M, Tharkar S, et al.

BMC endocrine disorders 2020; (20(1)):142 doi:10.1186/s12902-020-00621-5.

Spontaneous improvement of secondary empty sella syndrome due to re-expansion of an intrasellar cyst: A case report.

Yamada S, Yagi K, Hirano K, Uno M

Surgical neurology international 2020; (11()):282 doi:10.25259/SNI_212_2020.

Primary Empty Sella.

Mehla S, Chua AL, Grosberg B, Evans RW

Headache 2020; (60(10)):2522-2525 doi:10.1111/head.13987.

Primary empty sella: The risk factors and associations with the cerebral small vessel diseases-An observational study.

Chen T, Li G, Wu D, et al.

Clinical neurology and neurosurgery 2021; (203()):106586 doi:10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.106586.

Pituitary Volume in Patients with Primary Empty Sella and Clinical Relevance to Pituitary Hormone Secretion: A Retrospective Single Center Study.

Akkus G, Sözütok S, Odabaş F, et al.

Current medical imaging 2021; (17(8)):1018-1024 doi:10.2174/1573405617666210525111218.

Empty sella syndrome: Multiple endocrine disorders.

Chiloiro S, Giampietro A, Bianchi A, De Marinis L

Handbook of clinical neurology 2021; (181()):29-40 doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-820683-6.00003-8.

Should Lumbar Puncture Be Required to Diagnose Every Patient With Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension?

Moss HE, Margolin EA, Lee AG, Van Stavern GP

Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society 2021; (41(3)):379-384 doi:10.1097/WNO.0000000000001373.

The Pre-Lumbar puncture Intracranial Hypertension Scale (PLIHS): A practical scale to identify subjects with normal cerebrospinal fluid pressure in the management of idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Raggi A, Bianchi Marzoli S, Ciasca P, et al.

Journal of the neurological sciences 2021; (429()):118058 doi:10.1016/j.jns.2021.118058.

Radiographic pituitary stalk disruption: A rare sequela of secondary empty sella syndrome.

Winograd E, Kortz MW, Lillehei KO

Surgical neurology international 2021; (12()):385 doi:10.25259/SNI_530_2021.

Evaluation of Clinical Findings with MRI Venography in Patients with Idiopatic Intracranial Hypertension.

Aksu Y, Tiryaki Ş

Current medical imaging 2022; (18(13)):1378-1383 doi:10.2174/1573405618666220516121352.

A Rare Case of Sheehan Syndrome With Cardiac Tamponade.

Zain A, Sivakumar A, Akah O, et al.

Cureus 2022; (14(4)):e24329 doi:10.7759/cureus.24329.

Phenotyping non-idiopathic pseudotumor cerebri syndrome - A prospective cohort study.

Svart K, Jensen RH, Høgedal L, et al.

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache 2022; (42(14)):1510-1520 doi:10.1177/03331024221120073.

SNOT-22 Quality of Life Scores Improve After Endoscopic Endonasal Repair of Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea.

Liu MY, Woodworth BA, Kanaan A, et al.

The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology 2023; (132(9)):1077-1084 doi:10.1177/00034894221133769.

Analysis of clinical features of primary empty sella.

Lu M, Ye J, Gao F

Annales d'endocrinologie 2023; (84(2)):249-253 doi:10.1016/j.ando.2023.01.003.

Empty Sella in Neuro-Ophthalmology Patients Without Raised Intracranial Pressure.

Sayal AP, Jhaveri A, Diouf AA, et al.

Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society 2024; (44(1)):61-65 doi:10.1097/WNO.0000000000001741.

Anterior hypopituitarism due to primary empty sella syndrome in a critically unwell patient.

Rajesh M, Omer T, Chinniah S

BMJ case reports 2023; (16(12)) doi:10.1136/bcr-2023-255879.

Clinical Characteristics of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension in Older Adults.

Sabet SJ, Gasquet NC, Henderson AD, Carey AR

Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society 2024; (44(4)):502-506 doi:10.1097/WNO.0000000000002055.

Iatrogenic adrenal insufficiency in adults.

Martin-Grace J, Tomkins M, O'Reilly MW, Sherlock M

Nature reviews. Endocrinology 2024; (20(4)):209-227 doi:10.1038/s41574-023-00929-x.

When a "Low T" Diagnosis Can Be the Clue to a More Complex Problem.

Dumitrascu AG, Chindris AM, Matei C, Chirila RM

Cureus 2023; (15(12)):e51215 doi:10.7759/cureus.51215.

A Comprehensive Review of Empty Sella and Empty Sella Syndrome.

Lundholm MD, Yogi-Morren D

Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists 2024; (30(5)):497-502 doi:10.1016/j.eprac.2024.03.004.

Asymptomatic Empty Sella Syndrome: A "New" Hypothalamic Pathology or Paraphysiological Variant.

Masserini B, Rivolta B, Bernardi I, et al.

Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets 2024; doi:10.2174/0118715303314951240722093133.

Arginine vasopressin deficiency (central diabetes insipidus) with partial empty sella: a case report.

Belay KE, Jemal RH, Kebede AH, et al.

BMC endocrine disorders 2024; (24(1)):211 doi:10.1186/s12902-024-01741-y.

Empty sella syndrome: an update.

Padovano Sorrentino F, Chiloiro S, Giampietro A, et al.

Pituitary 2024; (28(1)):13 doi:10.1007/s11102-024-01475-z.

Comparative Mortality in Adrenal Insufficiency Patients.

Sun GEC

Journal of insurance medicine (New York, N.Y.) 2025; (52(2)):55-60 doi:10.17849/insm-52-2-1-6.2.

Isolated adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) deficiency presenting with recurrent hypoglycemia and hyponatremia.

Rehman SU, Aisha M, Badshah A, et al.

Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) 2025; (87(2)):908-911 doi:10.1097/MS9.0000000000002943.

Relationship Between Radiological Features of Primary Empty or Primary Partial Empty Sella and Pituitary Hormone Levels.

Kałuża B, Furmanek M, Domański J, et al.

Biomedicines 2025; (13(3)) doi:10.3390/biomedicines13030722.

Pituitary function in patients with primary and secondary empty sella.

Steckel L, Gizewski ER, Kaser S

Frontiers in endocrinology 2025; (16()):1632824 doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1632824.

Primary empty sella

Leon NS, Sosa S, Coronel-Restrepo N, et al.

Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Medicas (Cordoba, Argentina) 2025; (82(3)):544-554 doi:10.31053/1853.0605.v82.n3.46309.

Changes overtime in primary and secondary empty sella: a comparative real-world study.

Bacchi N, Paglia F, Caccin V, et al.

Journal of endocrinological investigation 2026; doi:10.1007/s40618-026-02931-2.

Successful Pregnancy in a Woman With Primary Infertility Associated With Isolated Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism and Partial Empty Sella Syndrome: A Case Report.

Houjjaj D, Mouhmouh S, Benbella A

Cureus 2026; (18(5)):e109372 doi:10.7759/cureus.109372.

Secondary chiasmal herniation after pituitary adenoma treatment: a diagnostic pitfall.

Vivas M, Pargana J, Sagarribay A, et al.

BMJ case reports 2026; (19(7)) doi:10.1136/bcr-2026-273965.