Research & Literature

Prevalence, Phenotype, and Psychosocial Well-Being in Euthyroid/Hypothyroid Thyroid-Associated Orbitopathy.

Ponto KA, Binder H, Diana T, et al.

Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association 2015; (25(8)):942-8 doi:10.1089/thy.2015.0031.

Orbital Radiation Therapy in Thyroid Eye Disease.

Chundury RV, Weber AC, Perry JD

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2016; (32(2)):83-9 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000000544.

Customized Orbital Decompression Surgery Combined with Eyelid Surgery or Strabismus Surgery in Mild to Moderate Thyroid-associated Ophthalmopathy.

Choi SW, Lee JY, Lew H

Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO 2016; (30(1)):1-9 doi:10.3341/kjo.2016.30.1.1.

Acute liver damage following intravenous glucocorticoid treatment for Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Moleti M, Giuffrida G, Sturniolo G, et al.

Endocrine 2016; (54(1)):259-268 doi:10.1007/s12020-016-0928-3.

The 2016 European Thyroid Association/European Group on Graves' Orbitopathy Guidelines for the Management of Graves' Orbitopathy.

Bartalena L, Baldeschi L, Boboridis K, et al.

European thyroid journal 2016; (5(1)):9-26 doi:10.1159/000443828.

Thyroid antibody-negative euthyroid Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Tabasum A, Khan I, Taylor P, et al.

Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports 2016; (2016()):160008 doi:10.1530/EDM-16-0008.

Pathogenic Phenotype of Adipogenesis and Hyaluronan in Orbital Fibroblasts From Female Graves' Orbitopathy Mouse Model.

Görtz GE, Moshkelgosha S, Jesenek C, et al.

Endocrinology 2016; (157(10)):3771-3778 doi:10.1210/en.2016-1304.

Secondary malignancy following radiotherapy for thyroid eye disease.

Gillis CC, Chang EH, Al-Kharazi K, Pickles T

Reports of practical oncology and radiotherapy : journal of Greatpoland Cancer Center in Poznan and Polish Society of Radiation Oncology 2016; (21(3)):156-61 doi:10.1016/j.rpor.2016.01.001.

Is modified clinical activity score an accurate indicator of diplopia progression in Graves' orbitopathy patients?

Kim JW, Woo YJ, Yoon JS

Endocrine journal 2016; (63(12)):1133-1140 doi:10.1507/endocrj.EJ16-0165.

An update on thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy in children and adolescents.

Szczapa-Jagustyn J, Gotz-Więckowska A, Kocięcki J

Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism : JPEM 2016; (29(10)):1115-1122.

Changing trend in referral to secondary care specialist thyroid eye disease clinic following the Amsterdam declaration.

Quinn AS, Dujardin LR, Knight B, et al.

International ophthalmology 2018; (38(1)):301-306 doi:10.1007/s10792-017-0463-0.

[Multi-wall orbital decompression for disfiguring proptosis in patients with mild or moderate thyroid eye disease].

Wang Y, Yang N, Li YY, Xiao LH

[Zhonghua yan ke za zhi] Chinese journal of ophthalmology 2017; (53(2)):128-135 doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2017.02.011.

Management of thyroid eye disease in the United Kingdom: A multi-centre thyroid eye disease audit.

Mellington FE, Dayan CM, Dickinson AJ, et al.

Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 2017; (36(3)):159-169 doi:10.1080/01676830.2017.1280057.

Association of orbital decompression and the characteristics of subsequent strabismus surgery in thyroid eye disease.

Zloto O, Ben Simon G, Didi Fabian I, et al.

Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie 2017; (52(3)):264-268 doi:10.1016/j.jcjo.2016.11.006.

TSH/IGF-1 Receptor Cross-Talk Rapidly Activates Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinases in Multiple Cell Types.

Krieger CC, Perry JD, Morgan SJ, et al.

Endocrinology 2017; (158(10)):3676-3683 doi:10.1210/en.2017-00528.

Quantitative Analysis of Inflammation in Orbital Fat of Thyroid-associated Ophthalmopathy Using MRI Signal Intensity.

Higashiyama T, Iwasa M, Ohji M

Scientific reports 2017; (7(1)):16874 doi:10.1038/s41598-017-17257-6.

Exophthalmos in a young woman with no graves' disease - a case report of IgG4-related orbitopathy.

Erdei A, Steiber Z, Molnar C, et al.

BMC ophthalmology 2018; (18(1)):5 doi:10.1186/s12886-018-0672-y.

Simultaneous Aesthetic Eyelid Surgery and Orbital Decompression for Rehabilitation of Thyroid Eye Disease: The One-Stage Approach.

Bernardini FP, Skippen B, Zambelli A, et al.

Aesthetic surgery journal 2018; (38(10)):1052-1061 doi:10.1093/asj/sjy014.

Mycophenolate plus methylprednisolone versus methylprednisolone alone in active, moderate-to-severe Graves' orbitopathy (MINGO): a randomised, observer-masked, multicentre trial.

Kahaly GJ, Riedl M, König J, et al.

The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology 2018; (6(4)):287-298 doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(18)30020-2.

Noninflammatory Thyroid Eye Disease.

Ugradar S, Rootman DB

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2019; (35(5)):461-464 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000001087.

Clinical course of thyroid function and thyroid associated-ophthalmopathy in patients with euthyroid Graves' disease.

Suzuki N, Noh JY, Kameda T, et al.

Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) 2018; (12()):739-746 doi:10.2147/OPTH.S158967.

Radiotherapy for Active Thyroid Eye Disease.

Godfrey KJ, Kazim M

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2018; (34(4S Suppl 1)):S98-S104 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000001074.

Grading Severity and Activity in Thyroid Eye Disease.

Dolman PJ

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2018; (34(4S Suppl 1)):S34-S40 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000001150.

Management of graves myopathy: Orbital imaging in thyroid-related orbitopathy.

Lo C, Ugradar S, Rootman D

Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 2018; (22(4)):256.e1-256.e9 doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2018.06.002.

Establishing the usefulness of the GO-QOL in a UK hospital-treated population with thyroid eye disease in the CIRTED trial.

Dietrich A, Taylor P, White P, et al.

Psychology, health & medicine 2018; (23(sup1)):1341-1355 doi:10.1080/13548506.2018.1503693.

Orbital decompression in the system of treatment for complicated thyroid eye disease: case report and literature review.

Ismailova DS, Belovalova IM, Grusha YO, Sviridenko NY

International medical case reports journal 2018; (11()):243-249 doi:10.2147/IMCRJ.S164372.

Sight-threatening Graves' orbitopathy: Twenty years' experience of a multidisciplinary thyroid-eye outpatient clinic.

Tramunt B, Imbert P, Grunenwald S, et al.

Clinical endocrinology 2019; (90(1)):208-213 doi:10.1111/cen.13880.

Orbital Myositis: A Comprehensive Review and Reclassification.

McNab AA

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2020; (36(2)):109-117 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000001429.

ROLE OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN THE ASSESSMENT OF ACTIVE THYROID-ASSOCIATED OPHTHALMOPATHY PATIENTS WITH LONG DISEASE DURATION.

Zhou M, Shen L, Jiao Q, et al.

Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists 2019; (25(12)):1268-1278 doi:10.4158/EP-2019-0133.

Prioritising downgaze alignment in the management of vertical strabismus for thyroid eye disease: principles and outcomes.

Jefferis JM, Raoof N, Burke JP

Eye (London, England) 2020; (34(5)):906-914 doi:10.1038/s41433-019-0574-0.

Orbital diseases mimicking graves' orbitopathy: a long-standing challenge in differential diagnosis.

Marinò M, Ionni I, Lanzolla G, et al.

Journal of endocrinological investigation 2020; (43(4)):401-411 doi:10.1007/s40618-019-01141-3.

Clinical-Radiological Patterns and Histopathological Outcomes in Non-Thyroid Extraocular Muscle Enlargement: Retrospective Case Series and Current Concepts.

Savino G, Midena G, Tartaglione T, et al.

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2020; (36(3)):284-291 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000001533.

Role of a new bioassay for thyroid-stimulating antibodies (aequorin TSAb) in Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Hiromatsu Y, Eguchi H, Matsuo Y, et al.

Endocrine journal 2020; (67(3)):347-352 doi:10.1507/endocrj.EJ19-0398.

Systemic safety analysis of mycophenolate in Graves' orbitopathy.

Lee ACH, Riedl M, Frommer L, et al.

Journal of endocrinological investigation 2020; (43(6)):767-777 doi:10.1007/s40618-019-01161-z.

A survey of current practices by the British Oculoplastic Surgery Society (BOPSS) and recommendations for delivering a sustainable multidisciplinary approach to thyroid eye disease in the United Kingdom.

Lee V, Avari P, Williams B, et al.

Eye (London, England) 2020; (34(9)):1662-1671 doi:10.1038/s41433-019-0664-z.

Teprotumumab for the Treatment of Active Thyroid Eye Disease.

Douglas RS, Kahaly GJ, Patel A, et al.

The New England journal of medicine 2020; (382(4)):341-352 doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1910434.

Selenium in thyroid disorders - essential knowledge for clinicians.

Winther KH, Rayman MP, Bonnema SJ, Hegedüs L

Nature reviews. Endocrinology 2020; (16(3)):165-176 doi:10.1038/s41574-019-0311-6.

TSH RECEPTOR ANTIBODIES: RELEVANCE & UTILITY.

Kahaly GJ, Diana T, Olivo PD

Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists 2020; (26(1)):97-106 doi:10.4158/EP-2019-0363.

Management of Thyroid Eye Disease-Related Strabismus.

Akbari MR, Mirmohammadsadeghi A, Mahmoudzadeh R, Veisi A

Journal of current ophthalmology 2020; (32(1)):1-13 doi:10.1016/j.joco.2019.10.002.

Prevalence of hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and euthyroidism in thyroid eye disease: a systematic review of the literature.

Muñoz-Ortiz J, Sierra-Cote MC, Zapata-Bravo E, et al.

Systematic reviews 2020; (9(1)):201 doi:10.1186/s13643-020-01459-7.

Medical and surgical treatment of thyroid eye disease.

Hall AJH, Topliss DJ

Internal medicine journal 2022; (52(1)):14-20 doi:10.1111/imj.15067.

Orbital disease in neuro-ophthalmology.

Dohlman JC, Cestari DM, Freitag SK

Current opinion in ophthalmology 2020; (31(6)):469-474 doi:10.1097/ICU.0000000000000699.

Contour Variability in Thyroid Eye Disease with Compressive Optic Neuropathy Treated with Radiation Therapy.

Nanda T, Sanchez A, Purswani J, et al.

Advances in radiation oncology 2020; (5(5)):804-808 doi:10.1016/j.adro.2020.02.005.

Quantitative Assessment of Orbital Decompression Surgery Using Photogrammetric Stereoimaging.

Murta F, Hyer JN, Haridas A, et al.

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2021; (37(5)):420-423 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000001885.

Teprotumumab in Clinical Practice: Recommendations and Considerations From the OPTIC Trial Investigators.

Douglas RS, Wang Y, Dailey RA, et al.

Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society 2021; (41(4)):461-468 doi:10.1097/WNO.0000000000001134.

Eyelid Surgery in Graves' Orbitopathy.

Hintschich C

Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde 2021; (238(1)):33-40 doi:10.1055/a-1325-9061.

Targeting TSH and IGF-1 Receptors to Treat Thyroid Eye Disease.

Neumann S, Krieger CC, Gershengorn MC

European thyroid journal 2020; (9(Suppl 1)):59-65 doi:10.1159/000511538.

The "Quiet TED"-A Special Subgroup of Thyroid Eye Disease.

Iñiguez-Ariza NM, Sharma A, Garrity JA, Stan MN

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2021; (37(6)):551-555 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000001942.

A case of ulcerative colitis associated with teprotumumab treatment for thyroid eye disease.

Safo MB, Silkiss RZ

American journal of ophthalmology case reports 2021; (22()):101069 doi:10.1016/j.ajoc.2021.101069.

Teprotumumab for patients with active thyroid eye disease: a pooled data analysis, subgroup analyses, and off-treatment follow-up results from two randomised, double-masked, placebo-controlled, multicentre trials.

Kahaly GJ, Douglas RS, Holt RJ, et al.

The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology 2021; (9(6)):360-372 doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(21)00056-5.

A pathological indicator for dysthyroid optic neuropathy: tritan color vision deficiency.

Garip Kuebler A, Halfter K, Reznicek L, et al.

Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie 2021; (259(11)):3421-3426 doi:10.1007/s00417-021-05227-8.

The 2021 European Group on Graves' orbitopathy (EUGOGO) clinical practice guidelines for the medical management of Graves' orbitopathy.

Bartalena L, Kahaly GJ, Baldeschi L, et al.

European journal of endocrinology 2021; (185(4)):G43-G67.

Thinking inside the box: Current insights into targeting orbital tissue remodeling and inflammation in thyroid eye disease.

Gupta V, Hammond CL, Roztocil E, et al.

Survey of ophthalmology 2022; (67(3)):858-874 doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.08.010.

A systematic review of euthyroid Graves' disease (Review).

Macovei ML, Azis Ű, Gheorghe AG, Burcea M

Experimental and therapeutic medicine 2021; (22(5)):1346 doi:10.3892/etm.2021.10781.

Orbital Radiation for Thyroid Eye Disease: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Sobel RK, Aakalu VK, Vagefi MR, et al.

Ophthalmology 2022; (129(4)):450-455 doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2021.10.025.

Hearing Dysfunction After Treatment With Teprotumumab for Thyroid Eye Disease.

Sears CM, Azad AD, Amarikwa L, et al.

American journal of ophthalmology 2022; (240()):1-13 doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2022.02.015.

Insights into Current Management Strategies for Dysthyroid Optic Neuropathy: A Review.

Tagami M, Honda S, Azumi A

Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) 2022; (16()):841-850 doi:10.2147/OPTH.S284609.

Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for differentiating active from inactive thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy: Added value from magnetization transfer imaging.

Hu H, Chen L, Zhou J, et al.

European journal of radiology 2022; (151()):110295 doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2022.110295.

Sensitivity of three thyrotropin receptor antibody assays in thyroid-associated orbitopathy.

Sarić-Matutinović M, Diana T, Nedeljković-Beleslin B, et al.

Journal of medical biochemistry 2022; (41(2)):211-220 doi:10.5937/jomb0-34718.

Predictive Modeling of New-Onset Postoperative Diplopia Following Orbital Decompression for Thyroid Eye Disease.

Nair AA, Ediriwickrema LS, Dolman PJ, et al.

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2022; (38(6)):551-557 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000002196.

2022 Update on Clinical Management of Graves Disease and Thyroid Eye Disease.

Hoang TD, Stocker DJ, Chou EL, Burch HB

Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America 2022; (51(2)):287-304 doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2021.12.004.

[Optimization of the treatment of moderate to severe and active thyroid orbitopathy considering the recommendations of the European Group on Graves' Orbitopathy (EUGOGO) [Optymalizacja leczenia umiarkowanej do ciężkiej i aktywnej orbitopatii tarczycowej z uwzględnieniem zaleceń European Group on Graves' Orbitopathy (EUGOGO)]].

Nowak M, Marek B, Kos-Kudła B, et al.

Endokrynologia Polska 2022; (73(4)):756-777 doi:10.5603/EP.a2022.0040.

Inter-observer Variability of Clinical Activity Score: Assessments in Patients With Thyroid Eye Disease.

Perros P, Žarković M, Pearce SH, et al.

American journal of ophthalmology 2023; (252()):94-100 doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2023.03.027.

Influence of orbital decompression on upper eyelid retraction in Graves' orbitopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Al-Qadi M, Hussain A

Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 2024; (43(4)):549-554 doi:10.1080/01676830.2023.2248621.

Hyperthyroidism: A Review.

Lee SY, Pearce EN

JAMA 2023; (330(15)):1472-1483 doi:10.1001/jama.2023.19052.

Selenium supplementation in thyroid eye disease: an updated review from a clinical ophthalmic perspective.

Foos W, Maliakkal Hernandez J, Mansour TN

Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 2024; (43(6)):790-800 doi:10.1080/01676830.2023.2276783.

Thyroid Eye Disease: Epidemiology, Natural History, and Risk Factors.

Bartalena L, Gallo D, Tanda ML, Kahaly GJ

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2023; (39(6S)):S2-S8 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000002467.

Rundle's Curve: A Useful Construct That Does Not Fit All.

Cruz AAV, Guimarães JA, Garcia DM

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2023; (39(6S)):S40-S45 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000002402.

Thyroid Eye Disease and Its Association With Diabetes Mellitus: A Major Review.

Gupta R, Kalra P, Ramamurthy LB, Rath S

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2023; (39(6S)):S51-S64 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000002449.

Dysthyroid Optic Neuropathy.

Potvin ARGG, Pakdel F, Saeed P

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2023; (39(6S)):S65-S80 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000002555.

Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the orbit in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid-associated orbitopathy - experience from practice. A Review.

Karhanová M, Čivrný J, Kalitová J, et al.

Ceska a slovenska oftalmologie : casopis Ceske oftalmologicke spolecnosti a Slovenske oftalmologicke spolecnosti 2023; (79(6)):283-292 doi:10.31348/2023/10.

Comparison of two different TSH-receptor antibody assays: A clinical practice study.

van Balkum M, Schreurs MWJ, Visser WE, et al.

Heliyon 2023; (9(12)):e22468 doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22468.

Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging approaches to Graves' ophthalmopathy: a narrative review.

Luccas R, Riguetto CM, Alves M, et al.

Frontiers in endocrinology 2023; (14()):1277961 doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1277961.

The Role of Thermal Camera in the Assessment of Thyroid Eye Disease Activity.

Prpic A, Kasumovic A, Guarro IG, et al.

Acta informatica medica : AIM : journal of the Society for Medical Informatics of Bosnia & Herzegovina : casopis Drustva za medicinsku informatiku BiH 2023; (31(4)):260-264 doi:10.5455/aim.2023.31.260-264.

Euthyroid graves' ophthalmopathy in a Chinese population: A cross-sectional follow-up study.

Lai KK, Ali Abdulla Aljufairi FM, Sebastian JU, et al.

European journal of ophthalmology 2024; (34(5)):1432-1437 doi:10.1177/11206721241229470.

Correlation between extraocular muscle enlargement and thyroid autoantibodies in thyroid eye disease.

Koizumi T, Tanaka T, Umeda K, et al.

Japanese journal of ophthalmology 2024; (68(3)):250-258 doi:10.1007/s10384-024-01061-7.

Asymmetric proptosis in thyroid eye disease.

Rana K, Garg D, Yong LSS, et al.

International ophthalmology 2024; (44(1)):206 doi:10.1007/s10792-024-03141-6.

Comparative effectiveness of various orbital decompression techniques in treating thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Guo W, Geng J, Li D

BMC ophthalmology 2024; (24(1)):526 doi:10.1186/s12886-024-03749-3.

Low clinical activity score, 'progressive' thyroid eye disease: presentations of 1439 patients from a tertiary centre in Hong Kong.

Lai KKH, Aljufairi FMAA, Sebastian JU, et al.

The British journal of ophthalmology 2025; (109(6)):715-720 doi:10.1136/bjo-2024-325346.

Nonsurgical management of upper eyelid retraction in thyroid eye disease.

Young SM, Kim YD, Woo KI

Taiwan journal of ophthalmology 2024; (14(4)):548-553 doi:10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00043.

Mechanisms in Thyroid Eye Disease: The TSH Receptor Interacts Directly With the IGF-1 Receptor.

Latif R, Mezei M, Davies TF

Endocrinology 2025; (166(2)) doi:10.1210/endocr/bqaf009.

[Lower eyelid retraction after inferior rectus recession in thyroid eye disease].

Grusha YO, S Sergeeva M, Danilov SS

Vestnik oftalmologii 2025; (141(2)):101-105 doi:10.17116/oftalma2025141021101.

Characteristics of adverse drug reactions and risk management strategies for methylprednisolone sodium succinate in the treatment of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a clinical study of 1026 patients.

Wu T, Tang Y, Yan S, et al.

Frontiers in medicine 2025; (12()):1589531 doi:10.3389/fmed.2025.1589531.

Call for timely prevention in thyroid eye disease: lessons from the IrTED registry.

Karimi N, Akbarian S, Ghahvehchian H, et al.

The British journal of ophthalmology 2026; (110(3)):256-261 doi:10.1136/bjo-2025-327392.

Rapid and sensitive bioassay for thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin detection in thyrotropin-binding inhibitory immunoglobulin-negative euthyroid Graves' orbitopathy.

Hötte GJ, Van der Burg M, Dik WA, et al.

European journal of endocrinology 2025; (193(5)):675-684 doi:10.1093/ejendo/lvaf210.

Comparison of the 2021 EUGOGO guidelines and the 2022 ATA/ETA consensus statement for the management of Graves' orbitopathy.

Bartalena L, Gallo D, Kahaly GJ, et al.

European thyroid journal 2025; (14(6)).

Evaluation of clinical and ocular surface changes in thyroid eye disease: impact of treatment and risk factors.

Barman Kakil Ş, Arslan N

Therapeutic advances in ophthalmology 2025; (17()):25158414251393119 doi:10.1177/25158414251393119.

No retinopathy after orbital irradiation in patients with thyroid eye disease - a follow up study.

Makhoul S, Aranyosi JK, Csiki E, et al.

Frontiers in endocrinology 2025; (16()):1720650 doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1720650.

Euthyroid Graves' Ophthalmopathy With Negative Antibodies (EGONA): A Comprehensive Case-Based Review.

Bonny M, Wehbe M, Zaydan R, et al.

Cureus 2025; (17(12)):e100152 doi:10.7759/cureus.100152.

Approach to the patient: therapeutic mitigation of lacrimal manifestations in thyroid eye disease.

Reinhardt C, Fotovat N, Siddiqui O, et al.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2026; (111(5)):e1435-e1445 doi:10.1210/clinem/dgag045.

Orbital MRI for thyroid eye disease activity staging: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Liu S, Sun C, Liu S, et al.

BMC ophthalmology 2026; (26(1)).

Dynamic Monitoring of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Receptor Antibody and Extraocular Muscle Thickness: A Clinical Risk Stratification Model for Recurrence Risk Post-Glucocorticoid Therapy in TED Patients.

Li Y, Yang X, Hu S

International journal of general medicine 2026; (19()):590217 doi:10.2147/IJGM.S590217.

Adrenal axis integrity after IV methylprednisolone therapy for thyroid eye disease: a retrospective cohort study.

Effraimidis G, Kasotas A, Bargiota A

European journal of endocrinology 2026; (194(5)):653-662 doi:10.1093/ejendo/lvag077.

Audiologic Assessment and Management of Teprotumumab-Associated Ototoxicity: An Updated Narrative Review.

Williams J, Elkins A, Sarigul A, et al.

Audiology research 2026; (16(3)) doi:10.3390/audiolres16030092.

Stimulating Thyrotropin Receptor Antibodies Enhance the Expression of Both Thyrotropin Receptors and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Receptors in Fibroblasts.

Xiang P, Mezei M, Latif R, Davies TF

Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association 2026; (36(8)):903-911 doi:10.1177/10507256261463222.

Thyroid eye disease.

Ferrari SM, Ragusa F, Elia G, et al.

Autoimmunity reviews 2026; (25(11)):104155 doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2026.104155.

[Effect of the amount of inferior rectus muscle recession on lower eyelid position in thyroid eye disease].

Grusha YO, Sergeeva MS, Danilov SS

Vestnik oftalmologii 2026; (142(4)):14-18 doi:10.17116/oftalma202614204114.

Safety profile of intravenous methylprednisolone therapy for thyroid eye disease: a multicenter retrospective study.

Higashida T, Tagami M, Kinari G, et al.

Japanese journal of ophthalmology 2026; doi:10.1007/s10384-026-01413-5.

Unmasking Orbital Myopathy: When Enlarged Extraocular Muscles Indicate More Than Thyroid Eye Disease: Report of Two Cases.

Shinohara D, Abumanhal M, Takahashi Y

Case reports in ophthalmological medicine 2026; (2026()):7712244 doi:10.1155/crop/7712244.

Coexpression of IGF1R and TSHR in extraocular muscles of patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy.

Chen KY, Lin CC, Chen WJ, Lai CC

The British journal of ophthalmology 2026; doi:10.1136/bjo-2025-329199.

Isolated superior rectus-levator complex enlargement: Inflammatory etiology, clinicoradiological features, and treatment outcomes.

Yang MK, Ha SJ, Sa HS

PloS one 2026; (21(9)):e0338854 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0338854.