Research & Literature

Outcomes of drug-based and surgical treatments for primary aldosteronism.

Steichen O, Lorthioir A, Zinzindohoue F, et al.

Advances in chronic kidney disease 2015; (22(3)):196-203.

β-Blocker withdrawal is preferable for accurate interpretation of the aldosterone-renin ratio in chronically treated hypertension.

Browne GA, Griffin TP, O'Shea PM, Dennedy MC

Clinical endocrinology 2016; (84(3)):325-31 doi:10.1111/cen.12882.

[Primary aldosteronism: new insights into familial forms].

van den Meiracker AH, van der Linde AA, Claahsen van der Grinten HL, et al.

Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde 2015; (159()):A8932.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Adrenal Insufficiency: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline.

Bornstein SR, Allolio B, Arlt W, et al.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2016; (101(2)):364-89 doi:10.1210/jc.2015-1710.

SFE/SFHTA/AFCE consensus on primary aldosteronism, part 4: Subtype diagnosis.

Bardet S, Chamontin B, Douillard C, et al.

Annales d'endocrinologie 2016; (77(3)):208-13.

SFE/SFHTA/AFCE consensus on primary aldosteronism, part 1: Epidemiology of PA, who should be screened for sporadic PA?

Baguet JP, Steichen O, Mounier-Véhier C, Gosse P

Annales d'endocrinologie 2016; (77(3)):187-91.

Mutated KCNJ5 activates the acute and chronic regulatory steps in aldosterone production.

Hattangady NG, Karashima S, Yuan L, et al.

Journal of molecular endocrinology 2016; (57(1)):1-11 doi:10.1530/JME-15-0324.

SFE/SFHTA/AFCE Consensus on Primary Aldosteronism, part 2: First diagnostic steps.

Douillard C, Houillier P, Nussberger J, Girerd X

Annales d'endocrinologie 2016; (77(3)):192-201.

SFE/SFHTA/AFCE consensus on primary aldosteronism, part 6: Adrenal surgery.

Steichen O, Amar L, Chaffanjon P, et al.

Annales d'endocrinologie 2016; (77(3)):220-5.

SFE/SFHTA/AFCE consensus on primary aldosteronism, part 5: Genetic diagnosis of primary aldosteronism.

Zennaro MC, Jeunemaitre X

Annales d'endocrinologie 2016; (77(3)):214-9.

Dietary Sodium Restriction Increases the Risk of Misinterpreting Mild Cases of Primary Aldosteronism.

Baudrand R, Guarda FJ, Torrey J, et al.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2016; (101(11)):3989-3996 doi:10.1210/jc.2016-1963.

Long term outcome of Aldosteronism after target treatments.

Wu VC, Wang SM, Chang CH, et al.

Scientific reports 2016; (6()):32103 doi:10.1038/srep32103.

Disordered zonal and cellular CYP11B2 enzyme expression in familial hyperaldosteronism type 3.

Gomez-Sanchez CE, Qi X, Gomez-Sanchez EP, et al.

Molecular and cellular endocrinology 2017; (439()):74-80 doi:10.1016/j.mce.2016.10.025.

Familial hyperaldosteronism type III.

Monticone S, Tetti M, Burrello J, et al.

Journal of human hypertension 2017; (31(12)):776-781 doi:10.1038/jhh.2017.34.

Macrolides selectively inhibit mutant KCNJ5 potassium channels that cause aldosterone-producing adenoma.

Scholl UI, Abriola L, Zhang C, et al.

The Journal of clinical investigation 2017; (127(7)):2739-2750.

Effects of Eplerenone on Resistance to Antihypertensive Medication in Patients with Primary or Secondary Hyperaldosteronism.

Spence JD, Bogiatzi C, Kuk M, et al.

Journal of translational internal medicine 2017; (5(2)):93-99 doi:10.1515/jtim-2017-0020.

Quality of Life in Primary Aldosteronism: A Comparative Effectiveness Study of Adrenalectomy and Medical Treatment.

Velema M, Dekkers T, Hermus A, et al.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2018; (103(1)):16-24 doi:10.1210/jc.2017-01442.

Cardiovascular events and target organ damage in primary aldosteronism compared with essential hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Monticone S, D'Ascenzo F, Moretti C, et al.

The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology 2018; (6(1)):41-50 doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(17)30319-4.

Primary Adrenal Insufficiency: Managing Mineralocorticoid Replacement Therapy.

Esposito D, Pasquali D, Johannsson G

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2018; (103(2)):376-387 doi:10.1210/jc.2017-01928.

Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis Counseling in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease.

Murphy EL, Droher ML, DiMaio MS, Dahl NK

American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation 2018; (72(6)):866-872 doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2018.01.048.

Effect of Eplerenone on the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in Primary Aldosteronism: Sequential Changes in the GFR During Preoperative Eplerenone Treatment to Subsequent Adrenalectomy.

Nakano Y, Yoshimoto T, Fukuda T, et al.

Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2018; (57(17)):2459-2466 doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.0438-17.

Mineralocorticoid Receptor Blockers and Aldosterone to Renin Ratio: A Randomized Controlled Trial and Observational Data.

Pilz S, Trummer C, Verheyen N, et al.

Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme 2018; (50(5)):375-382 doi:10.1055/a-0604-3249.

Inherited Forms of Primary Hyperaldosteronism: New Genes, New Phenotypes and Proposition of A New Classification.

Perez-Rivas LG, Williams TA, Reincke M

Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association 2019; (127(2-03)):93-99 doi:10.1055/a-0713-0629.

Hypertensive Crisis with Neurological Impairment Mimicking a Guillain-Barrè Syndrome: Searching for a Link.

Mazza A, Lucchetta M, Torin G, et al.

High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension 2018; (25(4)):421-424 doi:10.1007/s40292-018-0283-y.

Familial hyperaldosteronism type III a novel case and review of literature.

Pons Fernández N, Moreno F, Morata J, et al.

Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders 2019; (20(1)):27-36 doi:10.1007/s11154-018-9481-0.

Adrenal Insufficiency After Unilateral Adrenalectomy in Primary Aldosteronism: Long-Term Outcome and Clinical Impact.

Heinrich DA, Adolf C, Holler F, et al.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2019; (104(11)):5658-5664 doi:10.1210/jc.2019-00996.

Association Between Acute Fall in Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate After Treatment for Primary Aldosteronism and Long-Term Decline in Renal Function.

Kobayashi H, Abe M, Nakamura Y, et al.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) 2019; (74(3)):630-638 doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.13131.

Regulating Preimplantation Genetic Testing across the World: A Comparison of International Policy and Ethical Perspectives.

Ginoza MEC, Isasi R

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine 2020; (10(5)) doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a036681.

Mosaicism for KCNJ5 Causing Early-Onset Primary Aldosteronism due to Bilateral Adrenocortical Hyperplasia.

Maria AG, Suzuki M, Berthon A, et al.

American journal of hypertension 2020; (33(2)):124-130 doi:10.1093/ajh/hpz172.

Surgery decreases the long-term incident stroke risk in patients with primary aldosteronism.

Chang YH, Chung SD, Wu CH, et al.

Surgery 2020; (167(2)):367-377 doi:10.1016/j.surg.2019.08.017.

MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Cushing's syndrome due to ectopic ACTH secretion: an expert operational opinion.

Young J, Haissaguerre M, Viera-Pinto O, et al.

European journal of endocrinology 2020; (182(4)):R29-R58.

Guidelines for the management of glucocorticoids during the peri-operative period for patients with adrenal insufficiency: Guidelines from the Association of Anaesthetists, the Royal College of Physicians and the Society for Endocrinology UK.

Woodcock T, Barker P, Daniel S, et al.

Anaesthesia 2020; (75(5)):654-663 doi:10.1111/anae.14963.

Approach to patients with bilateral adrenal incidentalomas.

Vassiliadi DA, Partsalaki E, Tsagarakis S

Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity 2020; (27(3)):125-131 doi:10.1097/MED.0000000000000536.

Primary aldosteronism in young adults with acute stroke: Prevalence and clinical characteristics.

Tang Z, Chen H, He W, et al.

Journal of the neurological sciences 2020; (413()):116774 doi:10.1016/j.jns.2020.116774.

Effects of Ramipril on the Aldosterone/Renin Ratio and the Aldosterone/Angiotensin II Ratio in Patients With Primary Aldosteronism.

Guo Z, Poglitsch M, Cowley D, et al.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) 2020; (76(2)):488-496 doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.14871.

Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Monogenic Disorders.

De Rycke M, Berckmoes V

Genes 2020; (11(8)) doi:10.3390/genes11080871.

Taiwan mini-frontier of primary aldosteronism: Updating detection and diagnosis.

Chang CC, Chen YY, Lai TS, et al.

Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi 2021; (120(1 Pt 1)):121-129 doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2020.08.001.

A Prospective Study of Children Aged 0-8 Years with CAH and Adrenal Insufficiency Treated with Hydrocortisone Granules.

Neumann U, Braune K, Whitaker MJ, et al.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2021; (106(3)):e1433-e1440 doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaa626.

Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists Decrease the Rates of Positive Screening for Primary Aldosteronism.

Tezuka Y, Turcu AF

Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists 2020; (26(12)):1416-1424 doi:10.4158/EP-2020-0277.

Adrenal insufficiency.

Husebye ES, Pearce SH, Krone NP, Kämpe O

Lancet (London, England) 2021; (397(10274)):613-629 doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00136-7.

Laparoscopic Bilateral Adrenalectomy in a Young Female Patient with Recurrent Cushing's Disease.

Kanchana WGP, Kumarathunga PADM, Shakthilingham G, et al.

Case reports in endocrinology 2021; (2021()):6632436 doi:10.1155/2021/6632436.

Volume-outcome relationship for adrenalectomy: analysis of an administrative dataset for the Getting It Right First Time Programme.

Gray WK, Day J, Briggs TWR, et al.

The British journal of surgery 2021; (108(9)):1112-1119 doi:10.1093/bjs/znab142.

Diagnosis and treatment of primary aldosteronism.

Reincke M, Bancos I, Mulatero P, et al.

The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology 2021; (9(12)):876-892 doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(21)00210-2.

Increased Dosage of MRA Improves BP and Urinary Albumin Excretion in Primary Aldosteronism With Suppressed Plasma Renin.

Saiki A, Otsuki M, Tamada D, et al.

Journal of the Endocrine Society 2022; (6(1)):bvab174 doi:10.1210/jendso/bvab174.

[Emergency card, emergency medication, and information leaflet for the prevention and treatment of adrenal crisis (Addison crisis): an Austrian consensus document].

Pilz S, Krebs M, Bonfig W, et al.

Journal fur klinische Endokrinologie und Stoffwechsel 2022; (15(1)):5-27 doi:10.1007/s41969-022-00155-2.

Management of Acute Adrenal Insufficiency-Related Adverse Events in Children with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: Results of an International Survey of Specialist Centres.

Ali SR, Bryce J, Krone NP, et al.

Hormone research in paediatrics 2022; (95(4)):363-373 doi:10.1159/000525075.

Familial Hyperaldosteronism Type 3 with a Rapidly Growing Adrenal Tumor: An In Situ Aldosterone Imaging Study.

Takizawa N, Tanaka S, Nishimoto K, et al.

Current issues in molecular biology 2021; (44(1)):128-138 doi:10.3390/cimb44010010.

Who should be screened for primary aldosteronism? A comprehensive review of current evidence.

Huang WC, Lin YH, Wu VC, et al.

Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) 2022; (24(9)):1194-1203 doi:10.1111/jch.14558.

[Adrenal crisis in a child].

Holmberg NH, Haagensen AL

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke 2023; (143(2)) doi:10.4045/tidsskr.22.0354.

Approaches to Genetic Screening in Cardiomyopathies: Practical Guidance for Clinicians.

Kontorovich AR

JACC. Heart failure 2023; (11(2)):133-142 doi:10.1016/j.jchf.2022.11.025.

Systematic Review of Therapeutic Agents and Long-Term Outcomes of Familial Hyperaldosteronism Type 1.

Tan ST, Boyle V, Elston MS

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) 2023; (80(7)):1517-1525 doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.123.21054.

The role of confirmatory tests in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism.

Huang CW, Tu KH, Fan KC, et al.

Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi 2024; (123 Suppl 2()):S104-S113 doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2023.04.022.

Prenatal diagnosis and preimplantation genetics testing of 3M syndrome in a Chinese family with novel biallelic variants of CUL7.

Wang X, He Y, Wang X, et al.

Molecular genetics & genomic medicine 2024; (12(1)):e2284 doi:10.1002/mgg3.2284.

Genetic counseling for pre-implantation genetic testing of monogenic disorders (PGT-M).

Parikh F, Athalye A, Madon P, et al.

Frontiers in reproductive health 2023; (5()):1213546 doi:10.3389/frph.2023.1213546.

Diagnosis and management of secondary adrenal crisis.

Martel-Duguech L, Poirier J, Bourdeau I, Lacroix A

Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders 2024; (25(3)):619-637 doi:10.1007/s11154-024-09877-x.

Differences in the clinical and hormonal presentation of patients with familial and sporadic primary aldosteronism.

Araujo-Castro M, Parra P, Martín Rojas-Marcos P, et al.

Frontiers in endocrinology 2024; (15()):1336306 doi:10.3389/fendo.2024.1336306.

Prediction of endogenous mineralocorticoid receptor activity by depressor effects of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in patients with primary aldosteronism.

Ikemoto M, Morimoto S, Ichihara A

Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension 2024; (47(6)):1707-1718 doi:10.1038/s41440-024-01651-5.

Familial hyperaldosteronism: an European Reference Network on Rare Endocrine Conditions clinical practice guideline.

Mulatero P, Scholl UI, Fardella CE, et al.

European journal of endocrinology 2024; (190(4)):G1-G14 doi:10.1093/ejendo/lvae041.

Genetic Testing for Primary Aldosteronism in SPAIN: Results From the SPAIN-ALDO Registry and Review of the Literature.

Araujo-Castro M, Ruiz-Sánchez JG, Gonzalvo C, et al.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2025; (110(5)):e1573-e1579 doi:10.1210/clinem/dgae523.

Steroidomics-Based Screening for Primary Aldosteronism: Impact of antihypertensive Drugs.

Constantinescu G, Gruber S, Fuld S, et al.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) 2024; (81(10)):2060-2071 doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.124.23029.

Genetic testing for inherited arrhythmia syndromes and cardiomyopathies: results of the European Heart Rhythm Association survey.

Zeljkovic I, Gauthey A, Manninger M, et al.

Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology 2024; (26(9)) doi:10.1093/europace/euae216.

Executive summary of the Spanish consensus for the diagnosis, management, and follow-up of primary hyperaldosteronism.

Araujo-Castro M, Parra Ramírez P, Hanzu FA,

Endocrinologia, diabetes y nutricion 2024; (71(8)):355-364 doi:10.1016/j.endien.2024.09.005.

Synchronous bilateral adrenalectomy for ACTH-independent Cushing's syndrome in children: multidisciplinary management.

Tulelli B, Besançon A, Stoupa A, et al.

European journal of endocrinology 2024; (191(6)):646-657 doi:10.1093/ejendo/lvae158.

Treatment and Prevention of Adrenal Crisis and Family Education

Çamtosun E, Sangün Ö

Journal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology 2025; (17(Suppl 1)):80-92 doi:10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2024.2024-6-12-S.

People With Adrenal Insufficiency Who Are in Adrenal Crisis Are Frequently Unable to Self-Administer Rescue Injections.

Hover WJ, Krein AD, Kallet J, et al.

Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists 2025; (31(5)):625-630 doi:10.1016/j.eprac.2025.02.017.

Primary Aldosteronism: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline.

Adler GK, Stowasser M, Correa RR, et al.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2025; (110(9)):2453-2495 doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaf284.

Adrenal Insufficiency: A Case Study.

Kan C

Advanced emergency nursing journal 2025; (47(3)):186-192 doi:10.1097/TME.0000000000000575.

Primary aldosteronism and long-term outcomes using PAMO definition.

Chu WK, Lai CF, Chiang S, et al.

Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension 2026; (49(2)):457-468 doi:10.1038/s41440-025-02324-7.

Mineralocorticoid effects of fludrocortisone and hydrocortisone in primary adrenal insufficiency: EU-AIR patient data.

Ekman B, Quinkler M, Zhang P, et al.

Journal of endocrinological investigation 2025; (48(10)):2381-2392 doi:10.1007/s40618-025-02657-7.

Identification of a KRT9 gene variant and preimplantation genetic diagnosis in a Chinese family with KRT9-palmoplantar epidermal differentiation disorder.

Lin D, Lin N, Zhou Y, et al.

Hereditas 2025; (162(1)):183 doi:10.1186/s41065-025-00552-y.

Autoimmune Adrenalitis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Identifying a Rare Endocrine Complication.

Zhalka A, Jabareen R, Foqara M, et al.

Cureus 2025; (17(11)):e96668 doi:10.7759/cureus.96668.

Renin-guided therapy with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in primary aldosteronism: feasibility study (RETAME-PA) - a clinical research protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Merabtine A, Leung AA, Kline GA, et al.

BMJ open 2025; (15(12)):e111167 doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2025-111167.

Treatment of Primary Aldosteronism.

Parisien-La Salle S, Hundemer GL, Nehs MA, et al.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) 2026; (83(5)):e26238 doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.126.26238.

A case of Nelson's syndrome with adrenal crisis occurring 21 years post-adrenalectomy for Cushing's disease.

Wang M, Xu Y, Dong Z, Song Y

BMC endocrine disorders 2026; (26(1)).

ADPKD, pregnancy and preimplantation selection: clinical and bioethical considerations.

Zarantonello D, Piccoli GB, Zuccarello D, et al.

Journal of nephrology 2026; (39(3)):455-467 doi:10.1093/joneph/aajag051.

Impact of the 2025 Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline on the diagnosis and management of primary aldosteronism for the clinical laboratory.

Sawyer NK, Glendenning P, Schlaich MP, et al.

Pathology 2026; (58(5)):501-506 doi:10.1016/j.pathol.2026.04.003.

Perioperative Risks and Long-Term Outcomes of Bilateral Adrenalectomy: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study Across Cushing's Syndrome and Non-Cushing Etiologies.

Güngör Semiz G, Yılmaz N, Aydemir M, et al.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) 2026; (62(7)) doi:10.3390/medicina62071373.

Evaluation of Current Screening Thresholds for the Detection of Primary Aldosteronism.

Voorhies KR, Bi C, Adeyemo MA, et al.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) 2026; (83(11)):e27634 doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.126.27634.

A NOVEL KCNJ5 GENE MUTATION ASSOCIATED WITH FAMILIAL ALDOSTERONISM TYPE III WITHOUT HYPERTENSION.

Zhou MY, Yu SQ, Zhu SJ, et al.

Georgian medical news 2026; 259-265.