Research & Literature

The evolution of morphological variants of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: a repeat biopsy-based observation.

Zhong Y, Xu F, Li X, et al.

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association 2016; (31(1)):87-95 doi:10.1093/ndt/gfv245.

Risk factors of venous thromboembolism in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis with nephrotic syndrome.

Li SJ, Tu YM, Zhou CS, et al.

Clinical and experimental nephrology 2016; (20(2)):212-7 doi:10.1007/s10157-015-1149-4.

Complete Remission of Post-transplantation Recurrence of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis With the Use of Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone Gel: Case Report.

Mittal T, Dedhia P, Roy-Chaudhury P, et al.

Transplantation proceedings 2015; (47(7)):2219-22.

Genetic testing in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome: when and how?

Lovric S, Ashraf S, Tan W, Hildebrandt F

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association 2016; (31(11)):1802-1813 doi:10.1093/ndt/gfv355.

Minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in adults: response to steroids and risk of renal failure.

Moura LR, Franco MF, Kirsztajn GM

Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia 2015; (37(4)):475-80.

Treatment Strategies of Adult Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: A Systematic Review Focusing on the Last Two Decades.

Beer A, Mayer G, Kronbichler A

BioMed research international 2016; (2016()):4192578 doi:10.1155/2016/4192578.

Clinical presentation, treatment and outcome of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in Far North Queensland Australian adults.

Greenwood AM, Gunnarsson R, Neuen BL, et al.

Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.) 2017; (22(7)):520-530 doi:10.1111/nep.12816.

Circulating Permeability Factors in Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: A Review of Proposed Candidates.

Königshausen E, Sellin L

BioMed research international 2016; (2016()):3765608 doi:10.1155/2016/3765608.

Recurrence and Treatment after Renal Transplantation in Children with FSGS.

Kang HG, Ha IS, Cheong HI

BioMed research international 2016; (2016()):6832971 doi:10.1155/2016/6832971.

FSGS: from pathogenesis to the histological lesion.

Angioi A, Pani A

Journal of nephrology 2016; (29(4)):517-23 doi:10.1007/s40620-016-0333-2.

The role of plasma exchange in treating post-transplant focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 77 case-reports and case-series.

Kashgary A, Sontrop JM, Li L, et al.

BMC nephrology 2016; (17(1)):104 doi:10.1186/s12882-016-0322-7.

Diagnosing FSGS without kidney biopsy - a novel INF2-mutation in a family with ESRD of unknown origin.

Münch J, Grohmann M, Lindner TH, et al.

BMC medical genetics 2016; (17(1)):73 doi:10.1186/s12881-016-0336-9.

Pathogenesis of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis.

Lim BJ, Yang JW, Do WS, Fogo AB

Journal of pathology and translational medicine 2016; (50(6)):405-410 doi:10.4132/jptm.2016.09.21.

Comparative differential proteomic analysis of minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

Pérez V, López D, Boixadera E, et al.

BMC nephrology 2017; (18(1)):49 doi:10.1186/s12882-017-0452-6.

Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis.

Rosenberg AZ, Kopp JB

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN 2017; (12(3)):502-517 doi:10.2215/CJN.05960616.

What are we missing in the clinical trials of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis?

Zand L, Glassock RJ, De Vriese AS, et al.

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association 2017; (32(suppl_1)):i14-i21 doi:10.1093/ndt/gfw324.

Optimal management of primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in adults.

Beaudreuil S, Lorenzo HK, Elias M, et al.

International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease 2017; (10()):97-107 doi:10.2147/IJNRD.S126844.

An Outcomes-Based Definition of Proteinuria Remission in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis.

Troost JP, Trachtman H, Nachman PH, et al.

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN 2018; (13(3)):414-421 doi:10.2215/CJN.04780517.

CCR2 antagonism leads to marked reduction in proteinuria and glomerular injury in murine models of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS).

Miao Z, Ertl LS, Newland D, et al.

PloS one 2018; (13(3)):e0192405 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0192405.

Clinical and pathological phenotype of genetic causes of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in adults.

Lepori N, Zand L, Sethi S, et al.

Clinical kidney journal 2018; (11(2)):179-190 doi:10.1093/ckj/sfx143.

Delayed Death Due to Saddle Pulmonary Thromboembolus in Child With Nephrotic Syndrome Induced by Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis.

Guenther RA, Kemp WL

The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology 2018; (39(4)):370-374 doi:10.1097/PAF.0000000000000432.

Early Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis as a Cause of Delayed Graft Function With Combined Acute Antibody Rejection: A Case Report.

Jung S, Park KM, Hah J, et al.

Transplantation proceedings 2018; (50(8)):2579-2580 doi:10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.02.191.

Management of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children and adolescents.

Tullus K, Webb H, Bagga A

The Lancet. Child & adolescent health 2018; (2(12)):880-890 doi:10.1016/S2352-4642(18)30283-9.

Nephrotic Syndrome.

Wang CS, Greenbaum LA

Pediatric clinics of North America 2019; (66(1)):73-85 doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2018.08.006.

Calcineurin Inhibitors With Reduced-Dose Steroids as First-Line Therapy for Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis.

Chávez-Mendoza CA, Niño-Cruz JA, Correa-Rotter R, et al.

Kidney international reports 2019; (4(1)):40-47 doi:10.1016/j.ekir.2018.08.010.

Outcomes of Older Patients (≥60 years) with New-Onset Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome Receiving Immunosuppressive Regimen: A Multicentre Study of 116 Patients.

Colliou E, Karras A, Boffa JJ, et al.

Journal of clinical medicine 2019; (8(3)) doi:10.3390/jcm8030298.

Electron microscopic findings suggestive of focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis in patients with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome.

Nili F, Saboori F, Jahanzad I, Mehrazma M

Ultrastructural pathology 2019; (43(1)):6-12 doi:10.1080/01913123.2019.1584258.

APOL1 risk genotype in Europe: Data in patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and after renal transplantation

Servais A, Gribouval O, Gaillard F, Antignac C

Nephrologie & therapeutique 2019; (15 Suppl 1()):S85-S89 doi:10.1016/j.nephro.2019.02.005.

Mechanisms of Scarring in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis.

Zhong J, Whitman JB, Yang HC, Fogo AB

The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society 2019; (67(9)):623-632 doi:10.1369/0022155419850170.

Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: State-of-the-Art and Clinical Perspective.

Shabaka A, Tato Ribera A, Fernández-Juárez G

Nephron 2020; (144(9)):413-427 doi:10.1159/000508099.

Proteinuria Reduction and Kidney Survival in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis.

Troost JP, Trachtman H, Spino C, et al.

American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation 2021; (77(2)):216-225 doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.04.014.

Podocytopathies.

Kopp JB, Anders HJ, Susztak K, et al.

Nature reviews. Disease primers 2020; (6(1)):68 doi:10.1038/s41572-020-0196-7.

Identification of disease-causing variants by comprehensive genetic testing with exome sequencing in adults with suspicion of hereditary FSGS.

Braunisch MC, Riedhammer KM, Herr PM, et al.

European journal of human genetics : EJHG 2021; (29(2)):262-270 doi:10.1038/s41431-020-00719-3.

Clinical Management of Hyperkalemia.

Palmer BF, Carrero JJ, Clegg DJ, et al.

Mayo Clinic proceedings 2021; (96(3)):744-762 doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.06.014.

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Induced Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis.

Malik IO, Ladiwala N, Chinta S, et al.

Cureus 2020; (12(10)):e10898 doi:10.7759/cureus.10898.

Autoimmunity in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: A Long-Standing Yet Elusive Association.

Podestà MA, Ponticelli C

Frontiers in medicine 2020; (7()):604961 doi:10.3389/fmed.2020.604961.

Therapeutic Options for Recurrence of Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulonephritis (FSGS) in the Renal Allograft: Single-Center Experience.

Vallianou K, Marinaki S, Skalioti C, et al.

Journal of clinical medicine 2021; (10(3)) doi:10.3390/jcm10030373.

Tissue is the issue: when a second biopsy reveals the true diagnosis.

Bogaert AM, Hoorens A, Praet M, et al.

Clinical kidney journal 2021; (14(1)):429-431 doi:10.1093/ckj/sfz165.

Adherence to the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes CKD Guideline in Nephrology Practice Across Countries.

Stengel B, Muenz D, Tu C, et al.

Kidney international reports 2021; (6(2)):437-448 doi:10.1016/j.ekir.2020.11.039.

Identification of Genetic Causes of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Increases With Proper Patient Selection.

Miao J, Pinto E Vairo F, Hogan MC, et al.

Mayo Clinic proceedings 2021; (96(9)):2342-2353 doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.01.037.

Chronic kidney disease.

Kalantar-Zadeh K, Jafar TH, Nitsch D, et al.

Lancet (London, England) 2021; (398(10302)):786-802 doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00519-5.

Mechanisms of Scarring in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis.

Sun K, Xie Q, Hao CM

Kidney diseases (Basel, Switzerland) 2021; (7(5)):350-358 doi:10.1159/000517108.

Kidney Transplantation for Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: Can We Prevent Its Recurrence? Personal Experience and Literature Review.

Naciri Bennani H, Elimby L, Terrec F, et al.

Journal of clinical medicine 2021; (11(1)) doi:10.3390/jcm11010093.

Efficacy and Safety of ACE Inhibitor and Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Therapies in Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Campbell KN, Pennese N, Zaffalon A, et al.

Kidney medicine 2022; (4(5)):100457 doi:10.1016/j.xkme.2022.100457.

The Clinical and Genetic Features in Chinese Children With Steroid-Resistant or Early-Onset Nephrotic Syndrome: A Multicenter Cohort Study.

Zhu X, Zhang Y, Yu Z, et al.

Frontiers in medicine 2022; (9()):885178 doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.885178.

Whole-exome sequencing of a multicenter cohort identifies genetic changes associated with clinical phenotypes in pediatric nephrotic syndrome.

Jiao J, Wang L, Ni F, et al.

Genes & diseases 2022; (9(6)):1662-1673 doi:10.1016/j.gendis.2022.03.023.

Nephrotic Syndrome in Adult Patients With COVID-19 Infection or Post COVID-19 Vaccine: A Systematic Review.

Cancarevic I, Nassar M, Medina L, et al.

Cureus 2022; (14(9)):e29613 doi:10.7759/cureus.29613.

Incidence and risk factors for recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis after kidney transplantation: a meta-analysis.

Bai J, Zhang T, Wang Y, et al.

Renal failure 2023; (45(1)):2201341 doi:10.1080/0886022X.2023.2201341.

[Classical nephroprotection: Renin angiotensin aldosterone system inhibitors].

Egocheaga MI, Drak Y, Otero V

Semergen 2023; (49 Suppl 1()):102018 doi:10.1016/j.semerg.2023.102018.

Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in pediatric kidney transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Bai J, Yin X, Li J, et al.

Clinical transplantation 2023; (37(11)):e15119 doi:10.1111/ctr.15119.

Genetic testing in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: in whom and when?

Tato AM, Carrera N, García-Murias M, et al.

Clinical kidney journal 2023; (16(11)):2011-2022 doi:10.1093/ckj/sfad193.

Monogenic Causes Identified in 23.68% of Children with Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome: A Single-Centre Study.

Zhang L, Zhao F, Ding G, et al.

Kidney diseases (Basel, Switzerland) 2024; (10(1)):61-68 doi:10.1159/000534853.

Management of adult patients with podocytopathies: an update from the ERA Immunonephrology Working Group.

Mirioglu S, Daniel-Fischer L, Berke I, et al.

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association 2024; (39(4)):569-580 doi:10.1093/ndt/gfae025.

A Review of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Classification With a Focus on Genetic Associations.

Bonilla M, Efe O, Selvaskandan H, et al.

Kidney medicine 2024; (6(6)):100826 doi:10.1016/j.xkme.2024.100826.

A pragmatic approach to selective genetic testing in kidney transplant candidates.

Nissaisorakarn P, Fadakar PK, Safa K, et al.

Frontiers in transplantation 2023; (2()):1342471 doi:10.3389/frtra.2023.1342471.

Renal survival and treatment of adult patients with Primary Focal Segmental glomerulosclerosis: A historical cohort study of the National Greek Registry.

Marinaki S, Kompotiatis P, Michelakis I, et al.

PloS one 2024; (19(12)):e0315124 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0315124.

Indications for genetic testing in adults with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

Pilco-Terán M, Shabaka A, Furlano M, et al.

Nefrologia 2025; (45(2)):135-149 doi:10.1016/j.nefroe.2025.02.001.

Optimizing renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibition in advanced chronic kidney disease: balancing benefits and risks.

Spencer S, Bhandari S

Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension 2025; (34(6)):469-476 doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000001076.

Primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in second trimester pregnancy presenting as rapidly progressive renal failure: diagnostic and therapeutic challenges: a case report.

Petros A, Melkie A, Asrat Y, et al.

Journal of medical case reports 2025; (19(1)):359 doi:10.1186/s13256-025-05408-7.

[Nephrotic syndrome].

Braun DA, Pavenstädt HJ

Innere Medizin (Heidelberg, Germany) 2025; (66(9)):917-926 doi:10.1007/s00108-025-01946-w.

When Genes Reveal the Truth: Alport Syndrome Mimicking Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome.

Dotis J, Kondou A, Liapis G, et al.

Pediatric reports 2025; (18(1)) doi:10.3390/pediatric18010003.

Update on APOL1 and chronic kidney diseases in children.

Varner JD, Ilori TO, Gbadegesin RA

Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) 2026; (41(11)):3813-3826 doi:10.1007/s00467-026-07384-6.

Monogenic variants drive low recurrence risk in pediatric steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome after kidney transplantation: a high-consanguinity cohort.

ALQattan F, Azzam A, Alkanani H, et al.

Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) 2026; (41(11)):4127-4139 doi:10.1007/s00467-026-07430-3.