Research & Literature

Central sensitization as the mechanism underlying pain in joint hypermobility syndrome/Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, hypermobility type.

Di Stefano G, Celletti C, Baron R, et al.

European journal of pain (London, England) 2016; (20(8)):1319-25 doi:10.1002/ejp.856.

Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome-Hypermobile type.

Hakim A, O'Callaghan C, De Wandele I, et al.

American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics 2017; (175(1)):168-174 doi:10.1002/ajmg.c.31543.

Features that exacerbate fatigue severity in joint hypermobility syndrome/Ehlers-Danlos syndrome - hypermobility type.

Krahe AM, Adams RD, Nicholson LL

Disability and rehabilitation 2018; (40(17)):1989-1996 doi:10.1080/09638288.2017.1323022.

Updates in Clinical and Genetics Aspects of Hypermobile Ehlers Danlos Syndrome

Forghani I

Balkan medical journal 2019; (36(1)):12-16 doi:10.4274/balkanmedj.2018.1113.

Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Marfan Syndrome and Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome.

Inayet N, Hayat JO, Kaul A, et al.

Gastroenterology research and practice 2018; (2018()):4854701 doi:10.1155/2018/4854701.

Physical and mechanical therapies for lower limb symptoms in children with Hypermobility Spectrum Disorder and Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome: a systematic review.

Peterson B, Coda A, Pacey V, Hawke F

Journal of foot and ankle research 2018; (11()):59 doi:10.1186/s13047-018-0302-1.

[Joint hypermobility: when to evoke Ehlers-Danlos syndrome]?

P Germain D

La Revue du praticien 2016; (66(4)):423-429.

Predictors of pain and mobility disability in the hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Kalisch L, Hamonet C, Bourdon C, et al.

Disability and rehabilitation 2020; (42(25)):3679-3686 doi:10.1080/09638288.2019.1608595.

An acquired or heritable connective tissue disorder? A review of hypermobile Ehlers Danlos Syndrome.

Martin A

European journal of medical genetics 2019; (62(7)):103672 doi:10.1016/j.ejmg.2019.103672.

Recognizing and Effectively Managing Hypermobility-Related Conditions.

Russek LN, Stott P, Simmonds J

Physical therapy 2019; (99(9)):1189-1200 doi:10.1093/ptj/pzz078.

Understanding the psychosocial impact of joint hypermobility syndrome and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome hypermobility type: a qualitative interview study.

Bennett SE, Walsh N, Moss T, Palmer S

Disability and rehabilitation 2021; (43(6)):795-804 doi:10.1080/09638288.2019.1641848.

Prevalence of hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome in postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome.

Miller AJ, Stiles LE, Sheehan T, et al.

Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical 2020; (224()):102637 doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2020.102637.

Rome IV Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders and Health Impairment in Subjects With Hypermobility Spectrum Disorders or Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome.

Lam CY, Palsson OS, Whitehead WE, et al.

Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association 2021; (19(2)):277-287.e3 doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2020.02.034.

A new insight on postural tachycardia syndrome in 102 adults with hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome/hypermobility spectrum disorder.

Celletti C, Borsellino B, Castori M, et al.

Monaldi archives for chest disease = Archivio Monaldi per le malattie del torace 2020; (90(2)) doi:10.4081/monaldi.2020.1286.

Mechanisms and management of gastrointestinal symptoms in postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome.

Tu Y, Abell TL, Raj SR, Mar PL

Neurogastroenterology and motility 2020; (32(12)):e14031 doi:10.1111/nmo.14031.

Electromyographic Muscle Activity and Three-Dimensional Scapular Kinematics in Patients With Multidirectional Shoulder Instability: A Study in the Hypermobile Type of the Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome and the Hypermobility Spectrum Disorders.

Spanhove V, Calders P, Berckmans K, et al.

Arthritis care & research 2022; (74(5)):833-840 doi:10.1002/acr.24525.

Beyond bones: The relevance of variants of connective tissue (hypermobility) to fibromyalgia, ME/CFS and controversies surrounding diagnostic classification: an observational study.

Eccles JA, Thompson B, Themelis K, et al.

Clinical medicine (London, England) 2021; (21(1)):53-58 doi:10.7861/clinmed.2020-0743.

Subtle differences in autonomic symptoms in people diagnosed with hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and hypermobility spectrum disorders.

Martinez KL, Mauss C, Andrews J, et al.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A 2021; (185(7)):2012-2025 doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.62197.

Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome and Hypermobility Spectrum Disorders.

Yew KS, Kamps-Schmitt KA, Borge R

American family physician 2021; (103(8)):481-492.

The relationship between mast cell activation syndrome, postural tachycardia syndrome, and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Wang E, Ganti T, Vaou E, Hohler A

Allergy and asthma proceedings 2021; (42(3)):243-246 doi:10.2500/aap.2021.42.210022.

Developing a self-management intervention to manage hypermobility spectrum disorders (HSD) and hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (hEDS): an analysis informed by behaviour change theory.

Bennett SE, Walsh N, Moss T, Palmer S

Disability and rehabilitation 2022; (44(18)):5231-5240 doi:10.1080/09638288.2021.1933618.

Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: A review and a critical appraisal of published genetic research to date.

Scicluna K, Formosa MM, Farrugia R, Borg I

Clinical genetics 2022; (101(1)):20-31 doi:10.1111/cge.14026.

Diagnosis and Management of Hypermobility Spectrum Disorders in Primary Care.

Atwell K, Michael W, Dubey J, et al.

Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM 2021; (34(4)):838-848 doi:10.3122/jabfm.2021.04.200374.

Dysautonomia in hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and hypermobility spectrum disorders is associated with exercise intolerance and cardiac atrophy.

Ruiz Maya T, Fettig V, Mehta L, et al.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A 2021; (185(12)):3754-3761 doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.62446.

The diagnostic journey in adults with hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and hypermobility spectrum disorders.

Anderson LK, Lane KR

Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners 2021; (34(4)):639-648 doi:10.1097/JXX.0000000000000672.

Mast cell activation disease and immunoglobulin deficiency in patients with hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome/hypermobility spectrum disorder.

Brock I, Prendergast W, Maitland A

American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics 2021; (187(4)):473-481 doi:10.1002/ajmg.c.31940.

Surgical treatment of abdominal compression syndromes: The significance of hypermobility-related disorders.

Sandmann W, Scholbach T, Verginis K

American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics 2021; (187(4)):570-578 doi:10.1002/ajmg.c.31949.

Perioperative Management of Ehlers-Danlos Type III Syndrome Associated With Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia in Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia.

Laserna A, Nishtar M, Vidovich C, Borovcanin Z

Cureus 2021; (13(11)):e19311 doi:10.7759/cureus.19311.

Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes, Joint Hypermobility and Hypermobility Spectrum Disorders.

Micale L, Fusco C, Castori M

Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2021; (1348()):207-233 doi:10.1007/978-3-030-80614-9_9.

Twin pregnancy with untyped Ehlers-Danlos syndrome requiring prompt genetic testing: A case report.

Ogawa S, Mariya T, Fujibe Y, et al.

Case reports in women's health 2022; (33()):e00384 doi:10.1016/j.crwh.2022.e00384.

Idiopathic osteoporosis, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, and mast cell activation disorder in a 27-year-old male patient: A unique case presentation.

Rattray C

Clinical case reports 2022; (10(5)):e05887 doi:10.1002/ccr3.5887.

Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and disorders of the gastrointestinal tract: What the gastroenterologist needs to know.

Thwaites PA, Gibson PR, Burgell RE

Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology 2022; (37(9)):1693-1709 doi:10.1111/jgh.15927.

Rationale and Feasibility of Resistance Training in hEDS/HSD: A Narrative Review.

Zabriskie HA

Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology 2022; (7(3)) doi:10.3390/jfmk7030061.

The GoodHope Exercise and Rehabilitation (GEAR) Program for People With Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes and Generalized Hypermobility Spectrum Disorders.

Mittal N, Santa Mina D, Buryk-Iggers S, et al.

Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences 2021; (2()):769792 doi:10.3389/fresc.2021.769792.

Bone parameters in hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and hypermobility spectrum disorder: A comparative cross-sectional study.

Coussens M, Banica T, Lapauw B, et al.

Bone 2023; (166()):116583 doi:10.1016/j.bone.2022.116583.

The value of dynamic elastomeric fabric orthoses in the management of a complex hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome patient: A case report.

Higo A, Pearce G, Palmer S, Grant L

Clinical case reports 2023; (11(1)):e6821 doi:10.1002/ccr3.6821.

Healthcare experiences among adults with hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and hypermobility spectrum disorder in the United States.

Estrella E, Frazier PA

Disability and rehabilitation 2024; (46(4)):731-740 doi:10.1080/09638288.2023.2176554.

Prevalence of cardiovascular manifestations in patients with hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome at the University of Miami.

Pietri-Toro JM, Gardner OK, Leuchter JD, et al.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A 2023; (191(6)):1502-1507 doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.63168.

Pediatric joint hypermobility: a diagnostic framework and narrative review.

Tofts LJ, Simmonds J, Schwartz SB, et al.

Orphanet journal of rare diseases 2023; (18(1)):104 doi:10.1186/s13023-023-02717-2.

Physical therapy interventions in generalized hypermobility spectrum disorder and hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: a scoping review.

Garreth Brittain M, Flanagan S, Foreman L, Teran-Wodzinski P

Disability and rehabilitation 2024; (46(10)):1936-1953 doi:10.1080/09638288.2023.2216028.

Clinical characteristics of patients with hypermobile type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (hEDS) and generalized hypermobility spectrum disorders (G-HSD): an online survey.

Teran-Wodzinski P, Kumar A

Rheumatology international 2023; (43(10)):1935-1945 doi:10.1007/s00296-023-05378-3.

Perioperative opioid-minimization approach as a useful protocol in the management of patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome-hypermobility type, craniocervical instability and severe chronic pain who are to undergo occipito-cervical fixation.

Ramírez-Paesano C, Rodiera Clarens C, Sharp Segovia A, et al.

Orphanet journal of rare diseases 2023; (18(1)):214 doi:10.1186/s13023-023-02829-9.

The Language of Pain in the Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome: Metaphors as a Key to Understanding the Experience of Pain and as a Rehabilitation Tool.

Camerota F, Mariani R, Cordiano G, et al.

Brain sciences 2023; (13(7)) doi:10.3390/brainsci13071042.

Management of shoulder instability in hypermobility-type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Broida SE, Sweeney AP, Gottschalk MB, Wagner ER

JSES reviews, reports, and techniques 2021; (1(3)):155-164 doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2021.03.002.

Complex Presentations, Identification and Treatment of Mast Cell Activation Syndrome and Associated Conditions: A Case Report.

Quinn AM

Integrative medicine (Encinitas, Calif.) 2023; (22(4)):36-41.

Fear avoidance, fear of falling, and pain disability in hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and hypermobility spectrum disorders.

Chuchin JD, Ornstein TJ

Disability and rehabilitation 2024; (46(18)):4234-4245 doi:10.1080/09638288.2023.2268520.

Co-Created Solutions for Perinatal Professionals and Childbearing Needs for People with Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome and Hypermobility Spectrum Disorders.

Pearce G, Bell L, Magee P, Pezaro S

International journal of environmental research and public health 2023; (20(20)) doi:10.3390/ijerph20206955.

Comprehensive Assessment of Nutrition and Dietary Influences in Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome-A Cross-Sectional Study.

Topan R, Pandya S, Williams S, et al.

The American journal of gastroenterology 2024; (119(4)):727-738 doi:10.14309/ajg.0000000000002586.

Functional neurological signs in hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and hypermobile spectrum disorders with suspected neuropathic pain.

Fernandez A, Jaquet M, Aubry-Rozier B, et al.

Brain and behavior 2024; (14(2)):e3441 doi:10.1002/brb3.3441.

Beyond Confirmed Mast Cell Activation Syndrome: Approaching Patients With Dysautonomia and Related Conditions.

Conway AE, Verdi M, Shaker MS, et al.

The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice 2024; (12(7)):1738-1750 doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2024.03.019.

Generalized Joint Hypermobility: A Statistical Analysis Identifies Non-Axial Involvement in Most Cases.

Lamari MM, Lamari NM, de Medeiros MP, et al.

Children (Basel, Switzerland) 2024; (11(3)) doi:10.3390/children11030344.

An online pain management program for people with hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome or hypermobility spectrum disorder: a three-staged development process.

Chew MT, Ilhan E, Nicholson LL, et al.

Disability and rehabilitation 2025; (47(2)):414-424 doi:10.1080/09638288.2024.2351180.

High prevalence of gastrointestinal disorders in a large cohort of patients with joint hypermobility.

Sood V, Kaul A, El-Chammas KI, et al.

Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition 2024; (79(1)):42-47 doi:10.1002/jpn3.12245.

Multisystem Involvement in a Pediatric Patient With Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome: A Case Report of the Diagnostic Complexity and Management Challenges.

Cosare MJ, Korkmaz AG, Valencia V, et al.

Cureus 2024; (16(6)):e62083 doi:10.7759/cureus.62083.

Pediatric Outcomes After Robotic Median Arcuate Ligament Release, Celiac Ganglionectomy, and Lymphadenectomy.

DeCicco J, Raja F, Ganesan S, et al.

Journal of pediatric surgery 2024; (59(12)):161664 doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2024.08.004.

Bridging the Diagnostic Gap for Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome and Hypermobility Spectrum Disorders: Evidence of a Common Extracellular Matrix Fragmentation Pattern in Patient Plasma as a Potential Biomarker.

Ritelli M, Chiarelli N, Cinquina V, et al.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A 2025; (197(1)):e63857 doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.63857.

An overview of Ehlers Danlos syndrome and the link between postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome and gastrointestinal symptoms with a focus on gastroparesis.

Wu W, Ho V

Frontiers in neurology 2024; (15()):1379646 doi:10.3389/fneur.2024.1379646.

Long COVID and hypermobility spectrum disorders have shared pathophysiology.

Ganesh R, Munipalli B

Frontiers in neurology 2024; (15()):1455498 doi:10.3389/fneur.2024.1455498.

Exploring signs of central sensitization in adolescents with hypermobility Spectrum disorder or hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Schubert-Hjalmarsson E, Fasth A, Ickmans K, et al.

European journal of pain (London, England) 2025; (29(1)):e4754 doi:10.1002/ejp.4754.

A machine learning approach to stratify patients with hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome/hypermobility spectrum disorders according to disorders of gut brain interaction, comorbidities and quality of life.

Choudhary A, Fikree A, Ruffle JK, et al.

Neurogastroenterology and motility 2025; (37(1)):e14957 doi:10.1111/nmo.14957.

Comorbidity, misdiagnoses, and the diagnostic odyssey in patients with hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Halverson CME, Cao S, Perkins SM, Francomano CA

Genetics in medicine open 2023; (1(1)):100812 doi:10.1016/j.gimo.2023.100812.

The prevalence of hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome at a gender-affirming primary care clinic.

Stein T, Collins S, St Louis J

SAGE open medicine 2025; (13()):20503121251315021 doi:10.1177/20503121251315021.

Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Its Potential Molecular Interplay in Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome: A Scoping Review Bridging Cellular Energetics and Genetic Pathways.

Shirvani P, Shirvani A, Holick MF

Current issues in molecular biology 2025; (47(2)) doi:10.3390/cimb47020134.

Self-reported Demographics of 154 Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Patients.

Ploeg AN, Courseault J, Cheng WS

American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation 2025; (104(10)):927-932 doi:10.1097/PHM.0000000000002766.

A qualitative study exploring participants' feelings about an online pilates program designed for people with hypermobility disorders.

Russek LN, Di Bon J, Simmonds J, et al.

Journal of bodywork and movement therapies 2025; (42()):1148-1158 doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2025.03.002.

AGA Clinical Practice Update on GI Manifestations and Autonomic or Immune Dysfunction in Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome: Expert Review.

Aziz Q, Harris LA, Goodman BP, et al.

Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association 2025; (23(8)):1291-1302 doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2025.02.015.

Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome: Diagnostic Challenges and the Role of Genetic Testing.

Forghani I, See J, McGonigle WC

Genes 2025; (16(5)) doi:10.3390/genes16050530.

A Case of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome With Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome and Mast Cell Activation Syndrome: The Role of Unconventional Therapies.

Shabbir Z, Mazdeyasnan L, McLain M

Cureus 2025; (17(7)):e87898 doi:10.7759/cureus.87898.

KLK15 alters connective tissues in hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Gensemer C, Petrucci T, Beck T, et al.

iScience 2025; (28(9)):113343 doi:10.1016/j.isci.2025.113343.

Autonomic symptom burden, comorbidities and quality of life in women with Hypermobility Spectrum Disorders and hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Collins Hutchinson ML, Liang E, Fuster E, Blitshteyn S

Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical 2025; (262()):103356 doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103356.

Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome With Prominent Gastrointestinal and Autonomic Involvement in a Latin American Patient: A Case Report.

Chavarría-Aguilar S, Zavaleta-Monestel E, Anchía-Alfaro A

Cureus 2025; (17(9)):e93187 doi:10.7759/cureus.93187.

Use of Ivabradine in the Treatment of Patients with Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS): A Systematic Review.

Melo APG, Moretti MA, Chagas ACP

Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia 2025; (122(11)):e20250347 doi:10.36660/abc.20250347.

Health-Related Quality of Life in Midlife and Older Women With Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome and Hypermobility Spectrum Disorders.

Anderson LK

Nursing for women's health 2026; doi:10.1016/j.nwh.2025.09.006.

Efficacy of Lidocaine Infusion in the Management of Chronic Myofascial Pain and Intractable Migrainous Headache in a Patient With Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome: A Case Report.

Sebastian R, Wright T, Lee SJ, Gattu K

Cureus 2026; (18(2)):e103015 doi:10.7759/cureus.103015.