Research & Literature

How effective is melatonin as a preventive treatment for hemicrania continua? A clinic-based study.

Rozen TD

Headache 2015; (55(3)):430-6 doi:10.1111/head.12489.

When indomethacin fails: additional treatment options for "indomethacin responsive headaches".

Zhu S, McGeeney B

Current pain and headache reports 2015; (19(3)):7 doi:10.1007/s11916-015-0475-2.

OnabotulinumtoxinA for hemicrania continua: open label experience in 9 patients.

Miller S, Correia F, Lagrata S, Matharu MS

The journal of headache and pain 2015; (16()):19 doi:10.1186/s10194-015-0502-z.

Indomethacin Responsive Headaches: Exhaustive Systematic Review with Pooled Analysis and Critical Appraisal of 81 Published Clinical Studies.

Bordini EC, Bordini CA, Woldeamanuel YW, Rapoport AM

Headache 2016; (56(2)):422-35 doi:10.1111/head.12771.

The Pharmacology of Indomethacin.

Lucas S

Headache 2016; (56(2)):436-46 doi:10.1111/head.12769.

Hemicrania continua may respond to repetitive sphenopalatine ganglion block: A case report.

Androulakis XM, Krebs KA, Ashkenazi A

Headache 2016; (56(3)):573-9 doi:10.1111/head.12783.

A Cross-Sectional Clinic-Based Study in Patients With Side-Locked Unilateral Headache and Facial Pain.

Prakash S, Rathore C, Makwana P, Dave A

Headache 2016; (56(7)):1183-93 doi:10.1111/head.12842.

Two Cases of Hemicrania Continua-Trigeminal Neuralgia Syndrome: Expanding the Spectrum of Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgia-Tic (TAC-TIC) Syndrome.

Prakash S, Rathore C

Headache 2017; (57(3)):472-477 doi:10.1111/head.12965.

Hemicrania Continua: Beneficial Effect of Non-Invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation in a Patient With a Contraindication for Indomethacin.

Eren O, Straube A, Schöberl F, Schankin C

Headache 2017; (57(2)):298-301 doi:10.1111/head.12977.

Hemicrania continua in carotid artery dissection - symptomatic cases or linked pathophysiology?

Brilla R, Pawlowski M, Evers S

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache 2018; (38(2)):402-405 doi:10.1177/0333102416686346.

Idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis mimicking hemicrania continua: An unusual clinical case.

Russo A, Silvestro M, Cirillo M, et al.

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache 2018; (38(4)):804-807 doi:10.1177/0333102417708773.

Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Patterns Among Patients Diagnosed With Cluster Headache in U.S. Healthcare Claims Data.

Choong CK, Ford JH, Nyhuis AW, et al.

Headache 2017; (57(9)):1359-1374 doi:10.1111/head.13127.

Hemicrania continua: clinical review, diagnosis and management.

Prakash S, Patel P

Journal of pain research 2017; (10()):1493-1509 doi:10.2147/JPR.S128472.

Therapeutical approaches to paroxysmal hemicrania, hemicrania continua and short lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks: a critical appraisal.

Baraldi C, Pellesi L, Guerzoni S, et al.

The journal of headache and pain 2017; (18(1)):71 doi:10.1186/s10194-017-0777-3.

Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation for the management of refractory primary chronic headaches: A real-world experience.

Trimboli M, Al-Kaisy A, Andreou AP, et al.

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache 2018; (38(7)):1276-1285 doi:10.1177/0333102417731349.

Hemicrania Continua Associated with Classic Scintillating Scotoma.

Auffenberg E, Bender F, Freilinger T

Case reports in neurology 2018; (10(1)):83-87 doi:10.1159/000487881.

Hemicrania Continua.

Prakash S, Adroja B

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology 2018; (21(Suppl 1)):S23-S30 doi:10.4103/aian.AIAN_352_17.

Overview of Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias: Nosologic Evolution, Diagnosis, and Management.

Wei DY, Yuan Ong JJ, Goadsby PJ

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology 2018; (21(Suppl 1)):S39-S44 doi:10.4103/aian.AIAN_348_17.

The efficacy of oleuropein against non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug induced toxicity in rat kidney.

Koc K, Cerig S, Ozek NS, et al.

Environmental toxicology 2019; (34(1)):67-72 doi:10.1002/tox.22658.

Hemicrania Continua: a Clinical Perspective on Diagnosis and Management.

Mehta A, Chilakamarri P, Zubair A, Kuruvilla DE

Current neurology and neuroscience reports 2018; (18(12)):95 doi:10.1007/s11910-018-0899-2.

The Exacerbation of Hemicrania Continua Mimics Trigeminal Neuralgia.

Kato Y, Tamai Y, Hayashi T, et al.

Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2019; (58(5)):723-725 doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.1561-18.

Multiple cranial nerve blocks for the transitional treatment of chronic headaches.

Miller S, Lagrata S, Matharu M

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache 2019; (39(12)):1488-1499 doi:10.1177/0333102419848121.

A case of remitting hemicrania continua with seasonal variation and clustering: a diagnostic confusion with cluster headache.

Prakash S, Rawat KS

BMJ case reports 2019; (12(5)) doi:10.1136/bcr-2019-229650.

Carotid Cavernous Fistula Mimicking Hemicrania Continua: A Case Report.

Arnold Fiebelkorn C, Lanzino G, Chen JJ, et al.

Headache 2019; (59(8)):1365-1369 doi:10.1111/head.13566.

Do paroxysmal hemicrania and hemicrania continua represent different headaches? A retrospective study.

Paliwal VK, Uniyal R, Aneez A, Singh LS

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology 2019; (40(11)):2371-2376 doi:10.1007/s10072-019-03980-7.

Diagnostic Testing for Migraine and Other Primary Headaches.

Evans RW

Neurologic clinics 2019; (37(4)):707-725 doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2019.08.001.

Differential actions of indomethacin: clinical relevance in headache.

Summ O, Andreou AP, Akerman S, et al.

Pain 2021; (162(2)):591-599 doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002032.

Hemicrania Continua and Pituitary Microadenoma - Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc?: A Case Report With a Side Note on Intra-Sellar Pressure and the Trigemino-Autonomic Reflex.

Kesserwani H

Cureus 2020; (12(9)):e10223 doi:10.7759/cureus.10223.

Hemicrania Continua: An Update.

Prakash S, Rawat KS

Neurology India 2021; (69(Supplement)):S160-S167 doi:10.4103/0028-3886.315976.

Noninvasive Neuromodulation in Headache: An Update.

Lloyd J, Biloshytska M, Andreou AP, Lambru G

Neurology India 2021; (69(12 Suppl 1)):S183-S193 doi:10.4103/0028-3886.315998.

Hemicrania continua: Indomethacin induced myoclonus.

Chan TLH, Hindiyeh N

Clinical neurology and neurosurgery 2021; (206()):106703 doi:10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.106703.

Indomethacin-responsive headaches-A narrative review.

Villar-Martínez MD, Moreno-Ajona D, Chan C, Goadsby PJ

Headache 2021; (61(5)):700-714 doi:10.1111/head.14111.

Hemicrania continua secondary to neurogenic paravertebral tumor- a case report.

Kalladka M, Al-Azzawi O, Heir GM, et al.

Scandinavian journal of pain 2022; (22(1)):204-209 doi:10.1515/sjpain-2021-0089.

Cranial autonomic symptoms: prevalence, phenotype and laterality in migraine and two potentially new symptoms.

Karsan N, Nagaraj K, Goadsby PJ

The journal of headache and pain 2022; (23(1)):18 doi:10.1186/s10194-022-01389-w.

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome presenting with features of a trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias and pituitary enlargement.

Sim NK, Liew SY, Warren DJ, Hassan A

BMJ case reports 2022; (15(3)) doi:10.1136/bcr-2021-246519.

[Autonomic Disorders in Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias: An Update].

Kowa H

Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyu no shinpo 2022; (74(3)):263-270 doi:10.11477/mf.1416202022.

Etoricoxib and celecoxib sensitive indomethacin-responsive headache disorders.

Farag M, Bahra A

Headache 2022; (62(3)):383-388 doi:10.1111/head.14282.

The spectrum of indomethacin-responsive headaches in children and adolescents.

Myers KA, Barmherzig R, Raj NR, et al.

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache 2022; (42(8)):793-797 doi:10.1177/03331024221076483.

Prevalence and clinical features of hemicrania continua in clinic-based studies: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Al-Khazali HM, Al-Khazali S, Iljazi A, et al.

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache 2023; (43(1)):3331024221131343 doi:10.1177/03331024221131343.

Management of Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias Including Chronic Cluster: A Review.

Diener HC, Tassorelli C, Dodick DW

JAMA neurology 2023; (80(3)):308-319 doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2022.4804.

Non-invasive neuromodulation of the cervical vagus nerve in rare primary headaches.

Villar-Martinez MD, Goadsby PJ

Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) 2023; (4()):1062892 doi:10.3389/fpain.2023.1062892.

Proton Pump Inhibitors Increase the Risk of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug-Related Small-Bowel Injury: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis.

Zhang X, Xiao X, Chen PR, et al.

Clinical and translational gastroenterology 2023; (14(6)):e00588 doi:10.14309/ctg.0000000000000588.

Hemicrania Continua: An Update.

Al-Khazali HM, Christensen RH, Lambru G, et al.

Current pain and headache reports 2023; (27(10)):543-550 doi:10.1007/s11916-023-01156-9.

Paroxysmal hemicrania and hemicrania continua: Review on pathophysiology, clinical features and treatment.

Bahra A

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache 2023; (43(11)):3331024231214239 doi:10.1177/03331024231214239.

Melatonin in hemicrania continua and paroxysmal hemicrania.

Cheung SN, Oliveira R, Goadsby PJ

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache 2024; (44(3)):3331024231226196 doi:10.1177/03331024231226196.

Indomethacin-Responsive Headache Disorders.

Goadsby PJ

Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.) 2024; (30(2)):488-497 doi:10.1212/CON.0000000000001409.

The critical role of neuroimaging in hemicrania continua: A systematic review and case series.

Yildiz Goksel H, Bilgin S, Digre K, et al.

Headache 2024; (64(6)):674-684 doi:10.1111/head.14728.

Indomethacin-responsive trigeminal autonomic cephalgias: a review of key characteristics and pathophysiology.

Osiowski A, Stolarz K, Baran K, et al.

Neurologia i neurochirurgia polska 2024; (58(4)):380-392 doi:10.5603/pjnns.99747.

Harlequin syndrome in a patient with probable hemicrania continua and exertional headache - is there a link? a case report.

Miedl M, Baumgartner P, Disse LR, et al.

BMC neurology 2024; (24(1)):247 doi:10.1186/s12883-024-03731-y.

Pharmacological Dissociation in Hemicrania Continua With Persistent Visual Aura Evolved From Episodic Migraine: A Case Report.

Grosberg BM, Friedman DI, Robbins MS, Verhaak AMS

The neurologist 2024; (29(6)):361-364 doi:10.1097/NRL.0000000000000583.

Heterotopic ossification (HO) prophylaxis after distal biceps repair.

Dave U, Mosalakanti J, Guduri P, et al.

JSES reviews, reports, and techniques 2024; (4(4)):715-719 doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2024.05.012.

World neurology updates: Other primary headache disorder - Treatment.

Marzoughi S, Goadsby PJ

eNeurologicalSci 2024; (37()):100535 doi:10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100535.

In Vitro Protective Effects of a Standardized Extract of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. Cladodes and Olea europaea L. Leaves Against Indomethacin-Induced Intestinal Epithelial Cell Injury.

Salamone FL, Molonia MS, Muscarà C, et al.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) 2024; (13(12)) doi:10.3390/antiox13121507.

How can you manage an indomethacin-responsive headache in someone who cannot take indomethacin?

Osiowski A, Stolarz K, Taterra D

Current opinion in neurology 2025; (38(3)):254-261 doi:10.1097/WCO.0000000000001347.

Co-morbid Indomethacin-Responsive Headaches in a Woman in Her Late 60s With Paroxysmal Hemicrania and Hypnic Headache: A Case Report.

Brown A, Evans RW, Carrizo C, Burish M

Cureus 2025; (17(1)):e77243 doi:10.7759/cureus.77243.

Proton pump inhibitors for the prevention of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced ulcers and dyspepsia.

Garegnani L, Oltra G, Burgos MA, et al.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2025; (5()):CD014585 doi:10.1002/14651858.CD014585.pub2.

Third Occipital Nerve Block and Cooled Radiofrequency Ablation for Managing Hemicrania Continua: A Case Report.

Barbari C, Patel D, Cohen J

Cureus 2025; (17(4)):e82114 doi:10.7759/cureus.82114.

Bridging the gap: molecular mechanisms, regional activity and connectivity in headache disorders.

Kollenburg L, Kurt E, Mulleners W, et al.

Brain : a journal of neurology 2026; (149(3)):710-735 doi:10.1093/brain/awaf361.

From paroxysmal hemicrania to SUNCT: a unique presentation of herpetic zoster ophthalmicus: a case report.

Tsai PY, Su HC, Chang YM

Frontiers in ophthalmology 2025; (5()):1628665 doi:10.3389/fopht.2025.1628665.

Raeder's paratrigeminal neuralgia secondary to internal carotid artery dissection mimicking trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia: a case report.

Amiraslanova S, Algan GA, Altiparmak T, et al.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology 2026; (47(6)).

Intranasal Lidocaine Spray for Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalgia, Simple and Effective Treatment Modality: A Case Series of Five Patients.

Malik A, Punj J, Pandey RK, et al.

Pain medicine case reports 2026; (10(5)):439-446.