Research & Literature

Rabphilin-3A as a Targeted Autoantigen in Lymphocytic Infundibulo-neurohypophysitis.

Iwama S, Sugimura Y, Kiyota A, et al.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2015; (100(7)):E946-54 doi:10.1210/jc.2014-4209.

Pediatric Central Diabetes Insipidus: Brain Malformations Are Common and Few Patients Have Idiopathic Disease.

Werny D, Elfers C, Perez FA, et al.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2015; (100(8)):3074-80 doi:10.1210/jc.2015-1287.

Lymphocytic infundibulo-neurohypophysitis: a clinical overview.

Johnston PC, Chew LS, Hamrahian AH, Kennedy L

Endocrine 2015; (50(3)):531-6 doi:10.1007/s12020-015-0707-6.

An Overview of Diagnosis of Primary Autoimmune Hypophysitis in a Prospective Single-Center Experience.

Chiloiro S, Tartaglione T, Angelini F, et al.

Neuroendocrinology 2017; (104(3)):280-290 doi:10.1159/000446544.

Vasopressin Bolus Protocol Compared to Desmopressin (DDAVP) for Managing Acute, Postoperative Central Diabetes Insipidus and Hypovolemic Shock.

Shukla A, Alqadri S, Ausmus A, et al.

Case reports in endocrinology 2017; (2017()):3052102 doi:10.1155/2017/3052102.

Rapid exacerbation of lymphocytic infundibuloneurohypophysitis.

Shibue K, Fujii T, Goto H, et al.

Medicine 2017; (96(9)):e6034 doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000006034.

Usefulness of anti-rabphilin-3A antibodies for diagnosing central diabetes insipidus in the third trimester of pregnancy.

Sakurai K, Yamashita R, Niituma S, et al.

Endocrine journal 2017; (64(6)):645-650 doi:10.1507/endocrj.EJ17-0028.

Primary lymphocytic hypophysitis: Clinical characteristics and treatment of 50 cases in a single centre in China over 18 years.

Wang S, Wang L, Yao Y, et al.

Clinical endocrinology 2017; (87(2)):177-184 doi:10.1111/cen.13354.

Clinical presentation and outcome of children with central diabetes insipidus associated with a self-limited or transient pituitary stalk thickening, diagnosed as infundibuloneurohypophysitis.

Schaefers J, Cools M, De Waele K, et al.

Clinical endocrinology 2017; (87(2)):171-176 doi:10.1111/cen.13362.

Diabetes insipidus is an unfavorable prognostic factor for response to glucocorticoids in patients with autoimmune hypophysitis.

Lupi I, Cosottini M, Caturegli P, et al.

European journal of endocrinology 2017; (177(2)):127-135.

Critical role of rabphilin-3A in the pathophysiology of experimental lymphocytic neurohypophysitis.

Yasuda Y, Iwama S, Kiyota A, et al.

The Journal of pathology 2018; (244(4)):469-478 doi:10.1002/path.5046.

Clinical, Endocrine and Imaging Characteristics of Patients with Primary Hypophysitis.

Angelousi A, Cohen C, Sosa S, et al.

Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme 2018; (50(4)):296-302 doi:10.1055/s-0044-101036.

Neuro-radiological features can predict hypopituitarism in primary autoimmune hypophysitis.

Tartaglione T, Chiloiro S, Laino ME, et al.

Pituitary 2018; (21(4)):414-424 doi:10.1007/s11102-018-0892-4.

MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Hypophysitis: diagnosis and treatment.

Joshi MN, Whitelaw BC, Carroll PV

European journal of endocrinology 2018; (179(3)):R151-R163.

[Thickening of the pituitary stalk in children and adolescents with central diabetes insipidus: Causes and consequences].

Corredor Andrés B, Muñoz Calvo MT, López Pino MÁ, et al.

Anales de pediatria 2019; (90(5)):293-300 doi:10.1016/j.anpedi.2018.05.002.

SOCIETY FOR ENDOCRINOLOGY CLINICAL GUIDANCE: Inpatient management of cranial diabetes insipidus.

Baldeweg SE, Ball S, Brooke A, et al.

Endocrine connections 2018; (7(7)):G8-G11 doi:10.1530/EC-18-0154.

A Copeptin-Based Approach in the Diagnosis of Diabetes Insipidus.

Fenske W, Refardt J, Chifu I, et al.

The New England journal of medicine 2018; (379(5)):428-439 doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1803760.

Etiological Spectrum and Pattern of Change in Pituitary Stalk Thickening: Experience in 321 Patients.

Zhou X, Zhu H, Yao Y, et al.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2019; (104(8)):3419-3427 doi:10.1210/jc.2018-02297.

Copeptin and its role in the diagnosis of diabetes insipidus and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis.

Refardt J, Winzeler B, Christ-Crain M

Clinical endocrinology 2019; (91(1)):22-32 doi:10.1111/cen.13991.

Primary hypophysitis: Experience of a Single Tertiary Center.

Korkmaz OP, Sahin S, Ozkaya HM, et al.

Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association 2021; (129(1)):14-21 doi:10.1055/a-0919-4388.

Intracranial Germinoma Masquerading as Secondary Granulomatous Hypophysitis: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Pal R, Rai A, Vaiphei K, et al.

Neuroendocrinology 2020; (110(5)):422-429 doi:10.1159/000501886.

Copeptin in the differential diagnosis of hypotonic polyuria.

Christ-Crain M, Fenske WK

Journal of endocrinological investigation 2020; (43(1)):21-30 doi:10.1007/s40618-019-01087-6.

Pituitary Stalk Enlargement in Adults.

Hána V, Salenave S, Chanson P

Neuroendocrinology 2020; (110(9-10)):809-821 doi:10.1159/000506641.

Management of central diabetes insipidus.

Garrahy A, Thompson CJ

Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism 2020; (34(5)):101385 doi:10.1016/j.beem.2020.101385.

Infiltrative lymphocytic hypophysitis successfully treated with rituximab and mycophenolate mofetil.

Lin M, Tsang V, Brewer J, et al.

Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports 2020; (2020()).

Acquired forms of central diabetes insipidus: Mechanisms of disease.

Verbalis JG

Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism 2020; (34(5)):101449 doi:10.1016/j.beem.2020.101449.

Central diabetes insipidus caused by a pituitary stalk germinoma resembling infundibuloneurohypophysitis.

Dias D, Vilar H, Passos J, Leite V

BMJ case reports 2020; (13(9)) doi:10.1136/bcr-2020-234724.

Anti-pituitary antibodies as a marker of autoimmunity in pituitary glands.

Iwama S, Arima H

Endocrine journal 2020; (67(11)):1077-1083 doi:10.1507/endocrj.EJ20-0436.

[Clinical aspects of pregnancy-related lymphocytic hypophysitis].

Li ZW, Yang GQ, Dou JT, et al.

Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 2020; (100(42)):3314-3318 doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200331-01022.

Lymphocytic infundibuloneurohypophysitis with positive anti-rabphilin-3A antibodies nine years post-onset of central diabetes insipidus.

Kume Y, Sakuma H, Sekine H, et al.

Clinical pediatric endocrinology : case reports and clinical investigations : official journal of the Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology 2021; (30(1)):65-69 doi:10.1297/cpe.30.65.

Diabetes insipidus secondary to nivolumab-induced neurohypophysitis and pituitary metastasis.

Fosci M, Pigliaru F, Salcuni AS, et al.

Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports 2021; (2021()).

Management of children and young people with idiopathic pituitary stalk thickening, central diabetes insipidus, or both: a national clinical practice consensus guideline.

Cerbone M, Visser J, Bulwer C, et al.

The Lancet. Child & adolescent health 2021; (5(9)):662-676 doi:10.1016/S2352-4642(21)00088-2.

Adipsic diabetes insipidus.

Kothari V, Cardona Z, Eisenberg Y

Handbook of clinical neurology 2021; (181()):261-273 doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-820683-6.00019-1.

ENDOCRINOLOGY IN THE TIME OF COVID-19-2021 UPDATES: The management of diabetes insipidus and hyponatraemia.

Christ-Crain M, Hoorn EJ, Sherlock M, et al.

European journal of endocrinology 2021; (185(4)):G35-G42.

Hypophysitis, the Growing Spectrum of a Rare Pituitary Disease.

Langlois F, Varlamov EV, Fleseriu M

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2022; (107(1)):10-28 doi:10.1210/clinem/dgab672.

Full recovery from chronic headache and hypopituitarism caused by lymphocytic hypophysitis: A case report.

Yang MG, Cai HQ, Wang SS, et al.

World journal of clinical cases 2022; (10(3)):1041-1049 doi:10.12998/wjcc.v10.i3.1041.

Desmopressin therapy in children and adults: pharmacological considerations and clinical implications.

Chin X, Teo SW, Lim ST, et al.

European journal of clinical pharmacology 2022; (78(6)):907-917 doi:10.1007/s00228-022-03297-z.

Studies on anti-rabphilin-3A antibodies in 15 consecutive patients presenting with central diabetes insipidus at a single referral center.

Arihara Z, Sakurai K, Niitsuma S, et al.

Scientific reports 2022; (12(1)):4440 doi:10.1038/s41598-022-08552-y.

Pituitary stalk thickening in patients under 18 years of age - the most common causes and diagnostic procedures.

Moszczyńska E, Baszyńska-Wilk M, Zasada K, et al.

Pediatric endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism 2022; (28(3)):213-227 doi:10.5114/pedm.2022.115202.

Infantile-Onset Isolated Neurohypophyseal Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis with Central Diabetes Insipidus: A Case Report.

Tani M, Hiroshima S, Sato H, et al.

Children (Basel, Switzerland) 2022; (9(5)) doi:10.3390/children9050716.

Pituitary Stalk Thickening: Causes and Consequences. The Children's Memorial Health Institute Experience and Literature Review.

Moszczyńska E, Kunecka K, Baszyńska-Wilk M, et al.

Frontiers in endocrinology 2022; (13()):868558 doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.868558.

Diagnosis and Management of Central Diabetes Insipidus in Adults.

Tomkins M, Lawless S, Martin-Grace J, et al.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2022; (107(10)):2701-2715 doi:10.1210/clinem/dgac381.

Management of cranial diabetes insipidus: clinical outcomes and patient perception of care.

Dilrukshi MDSA, Vickars M, May CJH, et al.

European journal of endocrinology 2022; (187(3)):489-495 doi:10.1530/EJE-22-0187.

Pituitary apoplexy after COVID-19 vaccination: A case report.

Zainordin NA, Hatta SFWM, Ab Mumin N, et al.

Journal of clinical and translational endocrinology case reports 2022; (25()):100123 doi:10.1016/j.jecr.2022.100123.

Central diabetes insipidus from a patient's perspective: management, psychological co-morbidities, and renaming of the condition: results from an international web-based survey.

Atila C, Loughrey PB, Garrahy A, et al.

The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology 2022; (10(10)):700-709 doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(22)00219-4.

Changing the name of diabetes insipidus: a position statement of The Working Group for Renaming Diabetes Insipidus.

, Arima H, Cheetham T, et al.

Endocrine connections 2022; (11(11)).

Delay in desmopressin therapy: Disaster in waiting.

Kroll C, Zandvakili A

Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics 2022; (47(12)):2376-2378 doi:10.1111/jcpt.13807.

Neuroimaging of hypophysitis: etiologies and imaging mimics.

Kurokawa R, Kurokawa M, Baba A, et al.

Japanese journal of radiology 2023; (41(9)):911-927 doi:10.1007/s11604-023-01417-y.

Two children with lymphocytic hypophysitis presenting with positive anti-rabphilin-3A antibody.

Murai A, Shinojima N, Ikuta G, et al.

Endocrine journal 2023; (70(7)):703-709 doi:10.1507/endocrj.EJ22-0637.

Clinical presentation and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of lymphocytic hypophysitis: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Ju JS, Cui T, Zhao J, et al.

Archives of medical science : AMS 2023; (19(4)):976-986 doi:10.5114/aoms/144628.

[Primary hypophysitis: diagnosis and treatment multicenter study].

Tkatch J, Szuman G, Agüero M, et al.

Medicina 2023; (83(5)):744-752.

A Case of Central Diabetes Insipidus in a Patient With a Pineal Mass Suspected to Be a Germinoma: A Case Report.

Hussain A, Gudipati MK, Uy E, et al.

Cureus 2023; (15(9)):e46103 doi:10.7759/cureus.46103.

A Case of Lymphocytic Infundibulo-neurohypophysitis Exhibiting Spontaneous Regression.

Hasebe M, Shibue K, Honjo S, Hamasaki A

JCEM case reports 2023; (1(2)):luad020 doi:10.1210/jcemcr/luad020.

Arginine or Hypertonic Saline-Stimulated Copeptin to Diagnose AVP Deficiency.

Refardt J, Atila C, Chifu I, et al.

The New England journal of medicine 2023; (389(20)):1877-1887 doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2306263.

Clinical Factors Affecting Daily Dosage of Desmopressin Orally Disintegrating Tablets in Arginine Vasopressin Deficiency.

Hoshino Y, Inoue K, Ikeda S, et al.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2024; (109(3)):e983-e996 doi:10.1210/clinem/dgad694.

Secondary xanthogranulomatous hypophysitis mimicking a pituitary macroadenoma: a case report.

Salhi S, Oueslati I, Mouelhi Y, et al.

The Journal of international medical research 2024; (52(1)):3000605231223033 doi:10.1177/03000605231223033.

Arginine vasopressin deficiency: diagnosis, management and the relevance of oxytocin deficiency.

Atila C, Refardt J, Christ-Crain M

Nature reviews. Endocrinology 2024; (20(8)):487-500 doi:10.1038/s41574-024-00985-x.

Hypopituitarism.

Fleseriu M, Christ-Crain M, Langlois F, et al.

Lancet (London, England) 2024; (403(10444)):2632-2648 doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(24)00342-8.

Bilateral Sixth Nerve Palsy: A Rare Presentation of Primary Hypophysitis.

Pagoada-Torres JD, Villalobos-Díaz R, Pineda-Centeno LM, et al.

Cureus 2024; (16(4)):e58850 doi:10.7759/cureus.58850.

A case of central diabetes insipidus after COVID-19 as a probable diagnosis of lymphocytic infundibulo-neurohypophysitis with positive anti-rabphilin-3A antibodies with review of literature.

Natsuki Y, Nagata Y, Nagasaki T, et al.

Endocrine journal 2024; (71(12)):1165-1173 doi:10.1507/endocrj.EJ24-0093.

A Toluene-induced Infundibulo-neuro-hypophysitis: Presentation of a New Cause of Hypophysitis Secondary to Toxic Exposure and Review on Toluene Inhalation Endocrine Effects.

Costanza F, Giampietro A, Tartaglione T, et al.

Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets 2025; (25(13)):1122-1132 doi:10.2174/0118715303306378240816104619.

Propofol-induced transient arginine vasopressin deficiency.

Luppino MD, Nguyen H, Smale M, et al.

Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports 2024; (2024(4)).

Arginine Vasopressin Deficiency Heralding Rosai-Dorfman Disease With Neurological Manifestations.

Felske D, Gabbay J, Boles B, Gilbert MP

JCEM case reports 2024; (2(12)):luae206 doi:10.1210/jcemcr/luae206.

A 4-year-old Boy Positive for Anti-rabphilin-3A Antibody and Diagnosed With Lymphocytic Infundibuloneurohypophysitis.

Yamamoto A, Komatsu N, Iwata N, et al.

JCEM case reports 2025; (3(1)):luae214 doi:10.1210/jcemcr/luae214.

Stalking the stalk: Isolated pituitary stalk thickening and predictive factors for proliferative disease.

Bennett J, Nobre L, Bouffet E, et al.

Neuro-oncology advances 2024; (6(1)):vdae214 doi:10.1093/noajnl/vdae214.

Desmopressin prescription safety in adult inpatients: a real-world tertiary centre experience.

Arshad MF, Solanki S, Dancyger-Stevens L, et al.

Endocrine connections 2025; (14(3)).

Idiopathic Arginine Vasopressin Deficiency With Mild and Reversible Hypercalcemia.

Malik A, Goyal A, Gupta R, Bhagat A

Ochsner journal 2025; (25(1)):67-72 doi:10.31486/toj.24.0089.

Lymphocytic Hypophysitis Presenting as Acute-onset Arginine Vasopressin Deficiency and Pituitary Stalk Thickening: A Case Report.

Yang LZ, Velaiutham S

Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies 2025; (40(1)):121-125 doi:10.15605/jafes.040.01.08.

Pituitary Stalk Lesions: Causes and Diagnostic Challenges.

Salvatori R

Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists 2025; (31(9)):1171-1176 doi:10.1016/j.eprac.2025.05.750.

Clinical and radiological insights into secondary hypophysitis: A single-center experience with a focus on tuberculosis.

Rao A, Lila AR, Karlekar M, et al.

Endocrine 2025; (90(1)):266-275 doi:10.1007/s12020-025-04352-2.

'Un-thirsty' hypernatremia.

Koster M, Ledergerber K, Brändle M

Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports 2025; (2025(3)).

Pathophysiology and aetiologies of hypernatremia.

Drummond JB, Freitas LGO, Freitas IS, et al.

Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism 2026; (40(1)):102064 doi:10.1016/j.beem.2025.102064.

A case of Epstein-Barr virus- associated lymphocytic infundibulo-neurohypophysitis.

Shi J, Zhao L, Liu F

BMC infectious diseases 2025; (25(1)):1612 doi:10.1186/s12879-025-12047-2.

Progression From Isolated Posterior Pituitary Dysfunction to Combined Anterior Hormone Deficiencies With Pituitary Stalk Enlargement in Suspected Lymphocytic Hypophysitis: A Case Report.

Sasaki H, Yagi K, Kuga Y, Katahira H

Cureus 2025; (17(12)):e98595 doi:10.7759/cureus.98595.

Clinical Outcomes Following Supply-Driven Transition From Intranasal to Oral Desmopressin in AVP-Deficiency-A Single Centre Experience Including The Pituitary Foundation Desmopressin Shortage Impact Report.

Tam T, Mach A, Wahid A, et al.

Clinical endocrinology 2026; (105(1)):66-76 doi:10.1111/cen.70120.

Pituitary stalk biopsy - A systematic review of the safety and efficacy of stalk lesion biopsy.

Dolovac RB, McCormack A, Evans LR, et al.

Pituitary 2026; (29(3)).

Arginine vasopressin deficiency: towards a better characterization.

Atila C, Consoli C, Christ-Crain M

Endocrine-related cancer 2026; (33(9)) doi:10.1530/ERC-26-0090.