Research & Literature

Paraffin immunofluorescence in the renal pathology laboratory: more than a salvage technique.

Messias NC, Walker PD, Larsen CP

Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc 2015; (28(6)):854-60 doi:10.1038/modpathol.2015.1.

SHEDDING LIGHT ON FUNDUS DRUSEN ASSOCIATED WITH MEMBRANOPROLIFERATIVE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS: BREAKING STEREOTYPES OF TYPES I, II, AND III.

Dalvin LA, Fervenza FC, Sethi S, Pulido JS

Retinal cases & brief reports 2016; (10(1)):72-8 doi:10.1097/ICB.0000000000000164.

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis with masked monotypic immunoglobulin deposits.

Larsen CP, Messias NC, Walker PD, et al.

Kidney international 2015; (88(4)):867-73 doi:10.1038/ki.2015.195.

High-Throughput Genetic Testing for Thrombotic Microangiopathies and C3 Glomerulopathies.

Bu F, Borsa NG, Jones MB, et al.

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN 2016; (27(4)):1245-53 doi:10.1681/ASN.2015040385.

Diagnosis of complement alternative pathway disorders.

Angioi A, Fervenza FC, Sethi S, et al.

Kidney international 2016; (89(2)):278-88.

Differences in clinical findings, pathology, and outcomes between C3 glomerulonephritis and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.

Kawasaki Y, Kanno S, Ono A, et al.

Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) 2016; (31(7)):1091-9 doi:10.1007/s00467-015-3307-z.

De novo C3 glomerulonephritis in a renal allograft.

Nahm JH, Song SH, Kim YS, et al.

Ultrastructural pathology 2016; (40(2)):112-5 doi:10.3109/01913123.2016.1154634.

C3 Glomerulopathy.

Riedl M, Thorner P, Licht C

Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) 2017; (32(1)):43-57 doi:10.1007/s00467-015-3310-4.

Diagnostic performances of M-protein tests according to the clinical presentations of kidney disease.

Koo EH, Shin JH, Jang HR, et al.

European journal of internal medicine 2016; (33()):88-92.

Use of C4d as a diagnostic tool to classify membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.

Gupta N, Wakefield DN, Clapp WL, Garin EH

Nefrologia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola Nefrologia 2017; (37(1)):78-86 doi:10.1016/j.nefro.2016.05.011.

Treatment of B-cell disorder improves renal outcome of patients with monoclonal gammopathy-associated C3 glomerulopathy.

Chauvet S, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Petitprez F, et al.

Blood 2017; (129(11)):1437-1447 doi:10.1182/blood-2016-08-737163.

Rituximab for Treatment of Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis and C3 Glomerulopathies.

Rudnicki M

BioMed research international 2017; (2017()):2180508 doi:10.1155/2017/2180508.

Monoclonal immunoglobulin-associated proliferative glomerulonephritis characterized by organized deposits of striated ultra-substructures: A case report.

Hara S, Tsukaguchi H, Oka T, et al.

Ultrastructural pathology 2017; (41(4)):301-307 doi:10.1080/01913123.2017.1336189.

Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis Associated with a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.

Rafik H, El Amrani M, El Kabbaj D

Indian journal of nephrology 2017; (27(4)):319-320 doi:10.4103/0971-4065.202838.

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis with unusual deposits of parallel arrangement striated structure: a new pathological entity?
.

Yahata K, Kikuchi Y, Koizumi M, et al.

Clinical nephrology 2018; (89(2)):123-129 doi:10.5414/CN109169.

C3 glomerulonephritis associated with monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance: case report.

Alonso-Titos J, Perea-Ortega L, Sola E, et al.

BMC nephrology 2018; (19(1)):129 doi:10.1186/s12882-018-0927-0.

Both Monoclonal and Polyclonal Immunoglobulin Contingents Mediate Complement Activation in Monoclonal Gammopathy Associated-C3 Glomerulopathy.

Chauvet S, Roumenina LT, Aucouturier P, et al.

Frontiers in immunology 2018; (9()):2260 doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.02260.

The evaluation of monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance: a consensus report of the International Kidney and Monoclonal Gammopathy Research Group.

Leung N, Bridoux F, Batuman V, et al.

Nature reviews. Nephrology 2019; (15(1)):45-59 doi:10.1038/s41581-018-0077-4.

Analysis of C3 Nephritic Factors by ELISA.

Skattum L

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) 2019; (1901()):177-182 doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-8949-2_13.

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in Russian population.

Dobronravov VA, Smirnov AV

Terapevticheskii arkhiv 2018; (90(12)):39-47 doi:10.26442/00403660.2018.12.000007.

[Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and C3 glomerulopathy].

Hohenstein B, Amann K, Menne J

Der Internist 2019; (60(5)):458-467 doi:10.1007/s00108-019-0572-0.

C5 Convertase Blockade in Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis: A Single-Arm Clinical Trial.

Ruggenenti P, Daina E, Gennarini A, et al.

American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation 2019; (74(2)):224-238 doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2018.12.046.

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis with deposition of monoclonal IgG evolved from polyclonal IgG: a case report with two consecutive renal biopsies.

Yu XJ, Hu N, Wang SX, et al.

BMC nephrology 2019; (20(1)):275 doi:10.1186/s12882-019-1453-4.

A case report of recurrent membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis after kidney transplantation due to ventriculoatrial shunt infection.

Völker LA, Burkert K, Scholten N, et al.

BMC nephrology 2019; (20(1)):296 doi:10.1186/s12882-019-1472-1.

Evaluation of the children with C3 glomerulopathy.

Pinarbasi AS, Dursun I, Poyrazoglu MH, et al.

Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation : an official publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia 2020; (31(1)):79-89 doi:10.4103/1319-2442.279964.

Mycophenolate Mofetil in C3 Glomerulopathy and Pathogenic Drivers of the Disease.

Caravaca-Fontán F, Díaz-Encarnación MM, Lucientes L, et al.

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN 2020; (15(9)):1287-1298 doi:10.2215/CJN.15241219.

Predictors of poor kidney outcome in children with C3 glomerulopathy.

Pınarbaşı AS, Dursun I, Gokce I, et al.

Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) 2021; (36(5)):1195-1205 doi:10.1007/s00467-020-04799-7.

Long-Term Outcomes of C3 Glomerulopathy and Immune-Complex Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis in Children.

Kirpalani A, Jawa N, Smoyer WE, et al.

Kidney international reports 2020; (5(12)):2313-2324 doi:10.1016/j.ekir.2020.09.019.

Longitudinal change in proteinuria and kidney outcomes in C3 glomerulopathy.

Caravaca-Fontán F, Díaz-Encarnación M, Cabello V, et al.

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association 2022; (37(7)):1270-1280 doi:10.1093/ndt/gfab075.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition in non-diabetic kidney disease.

Almaimani M, Sridhar VS, Cherney DZI

Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension 2021; (30(5)):474-481 doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000724.

Demographic, clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of immune-complex membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and C3 glomerulonephritis in Japan: A retrospective analysis of data from the Japan Renal Biopsy Registry.

Nakagawa N, Mizuno M, Kato S, et al.

PloS one 2021; (16(9)):e0257397 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0257397.

C3 Glomerulopathy and Related Disorders in Children: Etiology-Phenotype Correlation and Outcomes.

Wong EKS, Marchbank KJ, Lomax-Browne H, et al.

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN 2021; (16(11)):1639-1651 doi:10.2215/CJN.00320121.

Recurrence of immune complex and complement-mediated membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in kidney transplantation.

Caravaca-Fontán F, Polanco N, Villacorta B, et al.

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association 2023; (38(1)):222-235 doi:10.1093/ndt/gfac148.

Use of a B-cell depleting regimen for antifactor H autoantibody-mediated membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in a paediatric patient.

Henderson S, Ardill R, Reynolds B, Kavanagh D

BMJ case reports 2022; (15(4)) doi:10.1136/bcr-2021-246281.

C3 Glomerulopathy: A Review with Emphasis on Ultrastructural Features.

Hou J, Ren KYM, Haas M

Glomerular diseases 2022; (2(3)):107-120 doi:10.1159/000524552.

Rapidly progressive IgA nephropathy with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis-like lesions in an elderly man following the third dose of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine: a case report.

Morimoto N, Mori T, Shioji S, et al.

BMC nephrology 2023; (24(1)):108 doi:10.1186/s12882-023-03169-3.

Clinico-Pathogenic Similarities and Differences between Infection-Related Glomerulonephritis and C3 Glomerulopathy.

Wada Y, Kamata M, Miyasaka R, et al.

International journal of molecular sciences 2023; (24(9)) doi:10.3390/ijms24098432.

Rare Variants in Complement Gene in C3 Glomerulopathy and Immunoglobulin-Mediated Membranoproliferative GN.

Meuleman MS, Vieira-Martins P, El Sissy C, et al.

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN 2023; (18(11)):1435-1445 doi:10.2215/CJN.0000000000000252.

[Diagnosis and treatment of glomerular diseases with a membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) pattern of injury].

Rudnicki M, Windpessl M, Eller K, et al.

Wiener klinische Wochenschrift 2023; (135(Suppl 5)):688-695 doi:10.1007/s00508-023-02264-7.

Efficacy and Safety of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Nondiabetic Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Review of Recent Evidence.

Lv J, Guo L, Wang R, Chen J

Kidney diseases (Basel, Switzerland) 2023; (9(5)):326-341 doi:10.1159/000530395.

C3 glomerulopathies: dense deposit disease and C3 glomerulonephritis.

Ponticelli C, Calatroni M, Moroni G

Frontiers in medicine 2023; (10()):1289812 doi:10.3389/fmed.2023.1289812.

Efficacy and Safety of Iptacopan in Patients With C3 Glomerulopathy.

Wong E, Nester C, Cavero T, et al.

Kidney international reports 2023; (8(12)):2754-2764 doi:10.1016/j.ekir.2023.09.017.

Iptacopan in Idiopathic Immune Complex-Mediated Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis: Protocol of the APPARENT Multicenter, Randomized Phase 3 Study.

Vivarelli M, Bomback AS, Meier M, et al.

Kidney international reports 2024; (9(1)):64-72 doi:10.1016/j.ekir.2023.10.022.

Apolipoprotein E is enriched in dense deposits and is a marker for dense deposit disease in C3 glomerulopathy.

Madden B, Singh RD, Haas M, et al.

Kidney international 2024; (105(5)):1077-1087 doi:10.1016/j.kint.2024.02.013.

C3 concentrations can be normal in patients with C3 glomerulopathy secondary to C3 nephritic factor.

Anderson H, Van Voorthuizen M, O'Donnell J, Beck S

Journal of clinical pathology 2024; (77(7)):503-506 doi:10.1136/jcp-2023-209319.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of immune-complex membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and C3 glomerulopathy in Japanese children.

Ueda C, Horinouchi T, Inoki Y, et al.

Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) 2024; (39(9)):2679-2689 doi:10.1007/s00467-024-06377-7.

Factor B Inhibition with Iptacopan in Recurrent C3 Glomerulopathy Following Kidney Transplant: A Report of Two Cases.

Escudero-Saiz VJ, Gonzalez Á, García-Herrera A, et al.

Kidney medicine 2024; (6(6)):100823 doi:10.1016/j.xkme.2024.100823.

Thrombosis and meningococcal infection rates in pegcetacoplan-treated patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria in the clinical trial and postmarketing settings.

Kelly RJ, Nishimori H, Horneff R, et al.

Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis 2024; (8(4)):102416 doi:10.1016/j.rpth.2024.102416.

Developing Therapies for C3 Glomerulopathy: Report of the Kidney Health Initiative C3 Glomerulopathy Trial Endpoints Work Group.

Nester C, Decker DA, Meier M, et al.

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN 2024; (19(9)):1201-1208 doi:10.2215/CJN.0000000000000505.

Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis Pattern of Injury.

Yu SM, Deoliveira M, Chung M, Lafayette R

Advances in kidney disease and health 2024; (31(3)):216-222 doi:10.1053/j.akdh.2024.03.005.

C3 Glomerulopathy Recurs Early after Kidney Transplantation in Serial Biopsies Performed within the First 2 Years after Transplantation.

Tarragón B, Peleg Y, Jagannathan G, et al.

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN 2024; (19(8)):1005-1015 doi:10.2215/CJN.0000000000000474.

Outcome of Patients Transplanted for C3 Glomerulopathy and Primary Immune Complex-Mediated Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis.

Halfon M, Taffé P, Bucher C, et al.

Kidney international reports 2025; (10(1)):75-86 doi:10.1016/j.ekir.2024.10.008.

Efficacy and Safety of Pegcetacoplan in Kidney Transplant Recipients With Recurrent Complement 3 Glomerulopathy or Primary Immune Complex Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis.

Bomback AS, Daina E, Remuzzi G, et al.

Kidney international reports 2025; (10(1)):87-98 doi:10.1016/j.ekir.2024.09.030.

Clinical features and outcomes of immune complex-membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and C3 glomerulopathy: a multicenter observational cohort study analyzing kidney biopsy cases.

Kim S, Choi YE, Kim SG, et al.

Kidney research and clinical practice 2024; doi:10.23876/j.krcp.24.129.

Comparative Analysis of Proteinuria and Longitudinal Outcomes in Immune Complex Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis and C3 Glomerulopathy.

Caravaca-Fontán F, Toledo-Rojas R, Huerta A, et al.

Kidney international reports 2025; (10(4)):1223-1236 doi:10.1016/j.ekir.2025.01.024.

Fatal Outcome of Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis in a Patient With Hidden Visceral Leishmaniasis.

Mansoursamaei A, Valikhani M, Rafiee H

Case reports in infectious diseases 2025; (2025()):3448351 doi:10.1155/crdi/3448351.

Primary Sjögren's syndrome presenting with non-diffuse membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis-like lesions in cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis: a case report.

Duan ZY, Cai GY, Chen F, et al.

Frontiers in immunology 2025; (16()):1610017 doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1610017.

Quantifying association of early proteinuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate changes with long-term kidney failure in C3 glomerulopathy and immune-complex membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis using the United Kingdom RaDaR Registry.

Masoud S, Wong K, Pitcher D, et al.

Kidney international 2025; (108(3)):455-469 doi:10.1016/j.kint.2025.06.003.

An Unusual Case of Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis: Is the Role of Vaccination in Immune Reactivation a Casual or Causal Effect?

Rodríguez Tudero C, Martín Arribas A, Dominguez Davalos M, et al.

Reports (MDPI) 2025; (8(3)) doi:10.3390/reports8030141.

Clinical Presentation, Treatment Patterns, Burden of Disease, and the Association of Proteinuria with Clinical Outcomes in C3 Glomerulopathy and Primary Immune Complex Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis: A Systematic Review.

Caravaca-Fontán F, Fakhouri F, Pickering MC, et al.

Nephron 2026; (150(1)):25-40 doi:10.1159/000548245.

A rare co-existence of celiac disease and C3 glomerulopathy.

Ilter A, Oruc M, Sarikaya Kayipmaz S, Parmaksiz E

Nefrologia 2025; (45(7)):501336 doi:10.1016/j.nefroe.2025.501336.

Oral iptacopan therapy in patients with C3 glomerulopathy: a randomised, double-blind, parallel group, multicentre, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study.

Kavanagh D, Bomback AS, Vivarelli M, et al.

Lancet (London, England) 2025; (406(10512)):1587-1598 doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01148-1.

Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis due to Haemophilus, Aggregatibacter, Cardiobacterium, Eikenella, Kingella Endocarditis in a Patient with Cirrhosis: A Case Report.

Mehta AN, Malchira RR, Mehta K, Nast CC

Glomerular diseases 2025; (5(1)):431-437 doi:10.1159/000549196.

Trial of Pegcetacoplan in C3 Glomerulopathy and Immune-Complex MPGN.

Fakhouri F, Bomback AS, Ariceta G, et al.

The New England journal of medicine 2025; (393(22)):2210-2220 doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2501510.

Electron Microscopy in Renal Biopsy Interpretation: When and Why It Still Matters.

Qasim H, Hayajneh Z, Khattab K, et al.

Cureus 2025; (17(11)):e96311 doi:10.7759/cureus.96311.

Natural History and Clinical Associations with Long-Term Outcomes in Primary C3 Glomerulopathy and Immune Complex-Mediated Membranoproliferative GN.

Nanchen G, Marasà M, Breno M, et al.

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN 2026; (21(4)):626-640 doi:10.2215/CJN.0000000953.

Delphi Consensus on Surrogate End Points in C3 Glomerulopathy and Primary Immune Complex-Mediated Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis.

Caravaca-Fontán F, Fakhouri F, Licht C, et al.

Kidney international reports 2026; (11(2)):103671 doi:10.1016/j.ekir.2025.10.028.

Practical Considerations for Infection Prevention with the Clinical Use of Complement Inhibitors.

Java A, Subramanian A, Nester C

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN 2026; doi:10.2215/CJN.0000001020.

Primary membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis: natural history, pathogenesis, and treatment.

Filippone EJ, Farber JL

Frontiers in nephrology 2026; (6()):1747678 doi:10.3389/fneph.2026.1747678.

Finding the etiology of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.

Sethi S

Kidney international 2026; (110(1)):8-15 doi:10.1016/j.kint.2026.02.030.

Executive summary of the European consensus report on the diagnosis and treatment of monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance.

Sprangers B, Cohen C, Gnemmi V, et al.

Clinical kidney journal 2026; (19(6)):sfag163 doi:10.1093/ckj/sfag163.

Pivotal Clinical Trials in C3 Glomerulopathy: answers and remaining uncertainties.

Caravaca-Fontan F, Bruchfeld A, Moran SM, et al.

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association 2026; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfag155.

Natural History and Progression of Recurrent C3 Glomerulopathy and Primary Immune-Complex Membranoproliferative GN in Kidney Transplantation.

Ruiz-Cabello JE, Yandian F, Torres IB, et al.

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN 2026; (21(9)):1593-1605 doi:10.2215/CJN.0000001117.