Research & Literature

Management of patients with confirmed and presumed mucous membrane pemphigoid undergoing entropion repair.

Gibbons A, Johnson TE, Wester ST, et al.

American journal of ophthalmology 2015; (159(5)):846-52.e2.

Four cases of mucous membrane pemphigoid with clinical features of oral lichen planus.

Fukuda A, Himejima A, Tsuruta D, et al.

International journal of dermatology 2016; (55(6)):657-65 doi:10.1111/ijd.12884.

Desquamative gingivitis as only presenting sign of mucous membrane pemphigoid.

Vijayan V, Paul A, Babu K, Madhan B

Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology 2016; (20(3)):340-3 doi:10.4103/0972-124X.182602.

Combined Use of Rituximab and Intravenous Immunoglobulin for Severe Autoimmune Cicatricial Conjunctivitis-An Interventional Case Series.

Steger B, Madhusudan S, Kaye SB, et al.

Cornea 2016; (35(12)):1611-1614 doi:10.1097/ICO.0000000000001024.

Conjunctival Neutrophils Predict Progressive Scarring in Ocular Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid.

Williams GP, Nightingale P, Southworth S, et al.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 2016; (57(13)):5457-5469 doi:10.1167/iovs.16-19247.

Periodontitis in oral pemphigus and pemphigoid: A systematic review of published studies.

Jascholt I, Lai O, Zillikens D, Kasperkiewicz M

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 2017; (76(5)):975-978.e3 doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2016.10.028.

Oral mucous membrane pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris-a retrospective two-center cohort study.

Sultan AS, Villa A, Saavedra AP, et al.

Oral diseases 2017; (23(4)):498-504 doi:10.1111/odi.12639.

Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid Causing Central Airway Obstruction.

Jalil BA, Abdou YG, Rosen SA, Dammad T

Journal of bronchology & interventional pulmonology 2017; (24(4)):334-338 doi:10.1097/LBR.0000000000000374.

[A particular type of cicatricial Pemphigoid with unique IgA deposit].

Aounallah A, Jrad M, Ksiaa M, et al.

The Pan African medical journal 2017; (26()):136 doi:10.11604/pamj.2017.26.136.9702.

Autoimmune Subepidermal Bullous Diseases of the Skin and Mucosae: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Management.

Amber KT, Murrell DF, Schmidt E, et al.

Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology 2018; (54(1)):26-51 doi:10.1007/s12016-017-8633-4.

Paraneoplastic mucous membrane pemphigoid with ocular and laryngeal involvement.

Lambiel S, Dulguerov P, Laffitte E, Leuchter I

BMJ case reports 2017; (2017()) doi:10.1136/bcr-2017-220887.

Clinical Implications of Direct Immunofluorescence Findings in Patients With Ocular Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid.

Labowsky MT, Stinnett SS, Liss J, et al.

American journal of ophthalmology 2017; (183()):48-55 doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2017.08.009.

Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid with Ocular Involvement: The Clinical Phenotype and Its Relationship to Direct Immunofluorescence Findings.

Ong HS, Setterfield JF, Minassian DC, et al.

Ophthalmology 2018; (125(4)):496-504 doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.10.004.

Structured Diagnostic Approach and Risk Assessment in Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid with Oesophageal Involvement.

Benoit S, Scheurlen M, Goebeler M, Stoevesandt J

Acta dermato-venereologica 2018; (98(7)):660-666 doi:10.2340/00015555-2938.

Incidence and Clinical Characteristics of Ocular Involvement in Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid.

Hong GH, Khan IR, Shifera AS, et al.

Ocular immunology and inflammation 2019; (27(5)):821-825 doi:10.1080/09273948.2018.1455879.

Long-Term Follow-Up after Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy in Patients with Severe Ocular Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid Unresponsive to Conventional Therapy.

Leuci S, Amato M, Calabria E, et al.

Journal of ophthalmology 2018; (2018()):8372146 doi:10.1155/2018/8372146.

Ocular Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid: Current State of Pathophysiology, Diagnostics and Treatment.

Georgoudis P, Sabatino F, Szentmary N, et al.

Ophthalmology and therapy 2019; (8(1)):5-17 doi:10.1007/s40123-019-0164-z.

Severe Refractory Paraneoplastic Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid Successfully Treated With Rituximab.

Wittenberg M, Worm M

Frontiers in medicine 2019; (6()):8 doi:10.3389/fmed.2019.00008.

Mucous membrane pemphigoid and oral blistering diseases.

Carey B, Setterfield J

Clinical and experimental dermatology 2019; (44(7)):732-739 doi:10.1111/ced.13996.

Consensus on the treatment of autoimmune bullous dermatoses: bullous pemphigoid, mucous membrane pemphigoid and epidermolysis bullosa acquisita - Brazilian Society of Dermatology.

Santi CG, Gripp AC, Roselino AM, et al.

Anais brasileiros de dermatologia 2019; (94(2 Suppl 1)):33-47 doi:10.1590/abd1806-4841.2019940207.

Validation of an Oral Disease Severity Score (ODSS) tool for use in oral mucous membrane pemphigoid.

Ormond M, McParland H, Thakrar P, et al.

The British journal of dermatology 2020; (183(1)):78-85 doi:10.1111/bjd.18566.

Validation of a clinical assessment tool for cicatrising conjunctivitis.

Ong HS, Minassian D, Rauz S, et al.

The ocular surface 2020; (18(1)):121-129 doi:10.1016/j.jtos.2019.10.010.

Mucous membrane pemphigoid-otorhinolaryngological manifestations: a retrospective cohort study.

Madgar O, Baniel A, Yarom N, et al.

European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 2020; (277(3)):939-945 doi:10.1007/s00405-020-05812-3.

Conjunctival Biopsy Site in Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid.

Coco G, Romano V, Menassa N, et al.

American journal of ophthalmology 2020; (216()):1-6 doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2020.01.033.

Autoantibody Detection for Diagnosis in Direct Immunofluorescence-Negative Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid: Ocular and Other Sites Compared.

Dart J, Setterfield J, Groves RW, et al.

Ophthalmology 2021; (128(3)):372-382 doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.07.052.

Single Center Retrospective Study of Patients with Ocular Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid (MMP).

Morel M, DeGrazia T, Ward L, et al.

Ocular immunology and inflammation 2022; (30(1)):256-261 doi:10.1080/09273948.2020.1783322.

Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (Review).

Branisteanu DC, Stoleriu G, Branisteanu DE, et al.

Experimental and therapeutic medicine 2020; (20(4)):3379-3382 doi:10.3892/etm.2020.8972.

Disease Relapse After Drug-Free Remission in Ocular Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid.

Shifera AS, Hong GH, Khan IR, et al.

American journal of ophthalmology 2021; (223()):21-27 doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2020.09.029.

Biologic treatment outcomes in mucous membrane pemphigoid: A systematic review.

Lytvyn Y, Rahat S, Mufti A, et al.

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 2022; (87(1)):110-120 doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2020.12.056.

High frequency of upper aerodigestive tract manifestations in mucous membrane pemphigoid.

Endo H, Rees TD, Niwa H, et al.

Oral diseases 2022; (28(6)):1555-1560 doi:10.1111/odi.13872.

Assessment of Diagnostic Strategy for Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid.

Rashid H, Meijer JM, Diercks GFH, et al.

JAMA dermatology 2021; (157(7)):780-787 doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2021.1036.

European guidelines (S3) on diagnosis and management of mucous membrane pemphigoid, initiated by the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology - Part I.

Rashid H, Lamberts A, Borradori L, et al.

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV 2021; (35(9)):1750-1764 doi:10.1111/jdv.17397.

Ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid: novel treatment strategies.

Jabbour S, Phylactou M, Ahmad S

Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology 2021; (21(5)):486-492 doi:10.1097/ACI.0000000000000767.

European Guidelines (S3) on diagnosis and management of mucous membrane pemphigoid, initiated by the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology - Part II.

Schmidt E, Rashid H, Marzano AV, et al.

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV 2021; (35(10)):1926-1948 doi:10.1111/jdv.17395.

Evaluation of Site- and Autoantigen-Specific Characteristics of Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid.

van Beek N, Kridin K, Bühler E, et al.

JAMA dermatology 2022; (158(1)):84-89 doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2021.4773.

Oral Pemphigoid Recalcitrant Lesion Treated with PRGF Infiltration. Case Report.

Anitua E, Alkhraisat MH, Eguia A, Piñas L

Dentistry journal 2021; (9(11)) doi:10.3390/dj9110137.

Insights into clinical and diagnostic findings as well as treatment responses in patients with mucous membrane pemphigoid: A retrospective cohort study.

Rashid H, Meijer JM, Bolling MC, et al.

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 2022; (87(1)):48-55 doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2021.11.061.

Mucous membrane pemphigoid.

Du G, Patzelt S, van Beek N, Schmidt E

Autoimmunity reviews 2022; (21(4)):103036 doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103036.

Brunsting-Perry pemphigoid: a systematic review.

Aromolo IF, Maronese CA, Moltrasio C, et al.

International journal of dermatology 2022; (61(11)):1353-1358 doi:10.1111/ijd.16045.

Localized Blistering Eruption of the Face and Neck - A Case Study and Differential Considerations.

Michalska-Jakubus M, Wdowiak-Filip A, Kowalewski C, et al.

Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology 2022; (15()):271-281 doi:10.2147/CCID.S350743.

On the Current Care Situation and Treatment of Ocular Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid in Germany.

Yaïci R, Roth M, Juergens L, et al.

Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde 2023; (240(9)):1077-1083 doi:10.1055/a-1720-1819.

Oral mucous membrane pemphigoid in a group of Thai patients-A 15-year retrospective study.

Buajeeb W, Pimolbutr K, Panpradit N, Okuma N

Journal of dental sciences 2022; (17(2)):1009-1017 doi:10.1016/j.jds.2021.11.007.

Rituximab Therapy for Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid: A Retrospective Monocentric Study With Long-Term Follow-Up in 109 Patients.

Bohelay G, Alexandre M, Le Roux-Villet C, et al.

Frontiers in immunology 2022; (13()):915205 doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.915205.

Pemphigoid of the pulmonary system (POPS): A review of a less recognized feature.

Ahmed AR, Aksoy M, Kinane TB

Autoimmunity reviews 2022; (21(11)):103180 doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103180.

S2k Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of mucous membrane pemphigoid.

Hofmann SC, Günther C, Böckle BC, et al.

Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG 2022; (20(11)):1530-1550 doi:10.1111/ddg.14905.

Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid: A Case Report with Oral and Ocular Presentation.

Fageeh HI

The journal of contemporary dental practice 2022; (23(7)):755-759.

Case report: Minimal manifestations of mucous membrane pemphigoid in a young adult.

Schauer F, Casetti F, Kiritsi D

Frontiers in medicine 2022; (9()):1052145 doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.1052145.

An Underrecognized Histologic Clue to the Diagnosis of Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid: A Case Report and Review of Diagnostic Guidelines.

McFadden JR, Chaudhari AS, Birenbaum D, et al.

Dermatopathology (Basel, Switzerland) 2023; (10(1)):63-69 doi:10.3390/dermatopathology10010009.

Disease Endotypes Predict the Severity of Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid.

Fairley JA, Crowe TP, Fakhimi M, et al.

The Journal of investigative dermatology 2023; (143(8)):1479-1486.e3 doi:10.1016/j.jid.2023.02.012.

A 10-Year Review of the Management of Ocular Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid: A Private Practice Experience.

Johnson KB, Rosenbaum JT, Yarter JT, et al.

Cornea 2023; (42(5)):565-571 doi:10.1097/ICO.0000000000003071.

[Immunopathogenesis of mucous membrane pemphigoid].

Schmidt E, Patzelt S

Die Ophthalmologie 2023; (120(5)):462-471 doi:10.1007/s00347-023-01858-w.

[Treatment of ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid].

Geerling G, Yaici R, Roth M

Die Ophthalmologie 2023; (120(5)):496-501 doi:10.1007/s00347-023-01869-7.

Optimal biopsy site for the diagnosis of oral pemphigus vulgaris and mucous membrane pemphigoid: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Zeng Q, Liu J, Mu J, et al.

International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery 2023; (52(11)):1162-1172 doi:10.1016/j.ijom.2023.05.005.

Paraneoplastic autoimmune Laminin-332 syndrome (PALS): Anti-Laminin-332 mucous membrane pemphigoid as a prototype.

Ahmed AR, Kalesinskas M, Kooper-Johnson S

Autoimmunity reviews 2023; (22(10)):103444 doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2023.103444.

Direct Immunofluorescence Findings and Factors Affecting Conjunctival Biopsy Positivity in Ocular Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid.

Jain N, Jakati S, Shanbhag SS, Basu S

Cornea 2024; (43(2)):159-165 doi:10.1097/ICO.0000000000003382.

The management of pemphigus vulgaris and mucous membrane pemphigoid in a joint oral medicine and dermatology clinic: a five-year narrative review.

Davis G, Hathway R, Shipley D, Staines K

British dental journal 2024; (236(4)):311-316 doi:10.1038/s41415-024-7074-8.

Ocular Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid: The Effect of Risk Factors at Presentation on Treatment Outcomes.

Ruiz-Lozano RE, Colorado-Zavala MF, Ramos-Dávila EM, et al.

Ophthalmology 2024; (131(9)):1064-1075 doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.02.028.

State-of-the-art diagnosis of autoimmune blistering diseases.

van Beek N, Holtsche MM, Atefi I, et al.

Frontiers in immunology 2024; (15()):1363032 doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1363032.

Clinical Characteristics of Ocular Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Bocanegra-Oyola N, Pardo-Pizza D, Cifuentes-González C, et al.

Ocular immunology and inflammation 2024; (32(10)):2388-2404 doi:10.1080/09273948.2024.2376746.

The Role of Serology in the Diagnosis of Ocular Predominant Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid and the Search for an Ocular-Specific Autoantigen.

Sodha D, Patzelt S, Djalilian AR, et al.

Ocular immunology and inflammation 2024; (32(10)):2521-2534 doi:10.1080/09273948.2024.2397715.

Challenges and advances in ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid (OMMP); from pathogenesis to treatment strategies.

Ghanbari H, Rahimi M, Momeni A, et al.

Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie 2025; (263(6)):1489-1502 doi:10.1007/s00417-025-06756-2.

Rituximab for the Management of an Australian Cohort of Treatment Refractory Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid.

Jeffrey B, Schifter M, Arena E, et al.

The Australasian journal of dermatology 2025; (66(5)):e271-e278 doi:10.1111/ajd.14523.

Development of Superficial Thrombophlebitis and Subsequent Central Retinal Vein Occlusion Occurring in a Patient Receiving IVIg for Ocular Pemphigoid.

Truong-Balderas K, Mihailescu M, Tu G, et al.

Ocular immunology and inflammation 2025; (33(9)):2213-2215 doi:10.1080/09273948.2025.2553871.

Mucous membrane pemphigoid involving the upper respiratory tract: A case series and literature review.

Wang Y, Zhou X, Yu J, et al.

Medicine 2025; (104(39)):e44680 doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000044680.

Ocular Cicatricial Pemphigoid and Solid Tumors: Review with Case Series.

Kwon JE, Moghtader A, Kang C, et al.

Seminars in ophthalmology 2026; (41(6)):691-702 doi:10.1080/08820538.2025.2588663.

Meibomian Gland Dysfunction and Dry Eye Disease in Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid Patients With and Without Ocular Complaints: A Comparative Study.

Verma A, De D, Gupta B, et al.

Ocular immunology and inflammation 2026; (34(2)):385-390 doi:10.1080/09273948.2026.2613093.

Tocilizumab for severe and refractory mucous membrane pemphigoid.

Tedbirt B, Maho-Vaillant M, Gueudry J, et al.

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV 2026; (40(10)):1682-1691 doi:10.1111/jdv.70510.

Dupilumab enables glucocorticoid withdrawal in refractory multisite mucous membrane pemphigoid: a case report.

Hu Y, Xu LL, Li KH, et al.

Frontiers in medicine 2026; (13()):1915046 doi:10.3389/fmed.2026.1915046.

The Diagnostic Journey of Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid: Referral Pathways and Diagnostic Delay at a Regional Tertiary Dermatology Center in Japan.

Kitayama S, Makino T, Shimizu T

The Journal of dermatology 2026; doi:10.1111/1346-8138.70503.