Research & Literature

Pyoderma gangrenosum, acne and ulcerative colitis in a patient with a novel mutation in the PSTPIP1 gene.

Zeeli T, Padalon-Brauch G, Ellenbogen E, et al.

Clinical and experimental dermatology 2015; (40(4)):367-72 doi:10.1111/ced.12585.

Features of Patients With Crohn's Disease and Hidradenitis Suppurativa.

Kamal N, Cohen BL, Buche S, et al.

Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association 2016; (14(1)):71-9.

Hidradenitis suppurativa and concomitant pyoderma gangrenosum treated With infliximab.

Groleau PF, Grossberg AL, Gaspari AA

Cutis 2015; (95(6)):337-42.

Hidradenitis Suppurativa/Acne Inversa: Criteria for Diagnosis, Severity Assessment, Classification and Disease Evaluation.

Zouboulis CC, Del Marmol V, Mrowietz U, et al.

Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland) 2015; (231(2)):184-90 doi:10.1159/000431175.

Dysregulated cytokine expression in lesional and nonlesional skin in hidradenitis suppurativa.

Kelly G, Hughes R, McGarry T, et al.

The British journal of dermatology 2015; (173(6)):1431-9 doi:10.1111/bjd.14075.

Pyoderma gangrenosum and its syndromic forms: evidence for a link with autoinflammation.

Marzano AV, Borghi A, Meroni PL, Cugno M

The British journal of dermatology 2016; (175(5)):882-891 doi:10.1111/bjd.14691.

Successful Treatment of Pyoderma Gangrenosum with Cryoglobulinemia and Hepatitis C.

Pourmorteza M, Tawadros F, Bader G, et al.

The American journal of case reports 2016; (17()):434-8 doi:10.12659/ajcr.898611.

[Severe acne in autoinflammatory diseases].

Faleri S, Feichtner K, Ruzicka T

Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete 2016; (67(11)):897-901 doi:10.1007/s00105-016-3840-0.

Postoperative Pyoderma Gangrenosum: A Clinical Review of Published Cases.

Tolkachjov SN, Fahy AS, Cerci FB, et al.

Mayo Clinic proceedings 2016; (91(9)):1267-79.

Pyogenic Arthritis, Pyoderma Gangrenosum, Acne, Suppurative Hidradenitis (PA-PASH) Syndrome: An Atypical Presentation of a Rare Syndrome.

Ursani MA, Appleyard J, Whiteru O

The American journal of case reports 2016; (17()):587-91 doi:10.12659/ajcr.898027.

Autoinflammation in pyoderma gangrenosum and its syndromic form (pyoderma gangrenosum, acne and suppurative hidradenitis).

Marzano AV, Damiani G, Ceccherini I, et al.

The British journal of dermatology 2017; (176(6)):1588-1598 doi:10.1111/bjd.15226.

Pediatric pyoderma gangrenosum: a systematic review and update.

Kechichian E, Haber R, Mourad N, et al.

International journal of dermatology 2017; (56(5)):486-495 doi:10.1111/ijd.13584.

Difficult and rare forms of acne.

Dessinioti C, Katsambas A

Clinics in dermatology 2017; (35(2)):138-146 doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2016.10.005.

Hidradenitis Suppurativa Is Characterized by Dysregulation of the Th17:Treg Cell Axis, Which Is Corrected by Anti-TNF Therapy.

Moran B, Sweeney CM, Hughes R, et al.

The Journal of investigative dermatology 2017; (137(11)):2389-2395 doi:10.1016/j.jid.2017.05.033.

Recognizing syndromic hidradenitis suppurativa: a review of the literature.

Gasparic J, Theut Riis P, Jemec GB

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV 2017; (31(11)):1809-1816 doi:10.1111/jdv.14464.

[Pyoderma gangraenosum after implantation of a shoulder endoprothesis].

Domej MA, Pauzenberger L, Heuberer PR, Anderl W

Der Orthopade 2017; (46(11)):963-968 doi:10.1007/s00132-017-3468-5.

The safety of treatments used in pyoderma gangrenosum.

Feldman SR, Lacy FA, Huang WW

Expert opinion on drug safety 2018; (17(1)):55-61 doi:10.1080/14740338.2018.1396316.

Pain, Psychological Comorbidities, Disability, and Impaired Quality of Life in Hidradenitis Suppurativa [corrected].

Patel ZS, Hoffman LK, Buse DC, et al.

Current pain and headache reports 2017; (21(12)):49 doi:10.1007/s11916-017-0647-3.

Pyoderma gangrenosum after orthopaedic or traumatologic surgery: a systematic revue of the literature.

Ebrad S, Severyns M, Benzakour A, et al.

International orthopaedics 2018; (42(2)):239-245 doi:10.1007/s00264-017-3672-2.

Diagnosis and management of peristomal pyoderma gangrenosum: A systematic review.

Afifi L, Sanchez IM, Wallace MM, et al.

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 2018; (78(6)):1195-1204.e1 doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2017.12.049.

Postsurgical pyoderma gangrenosum after an autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma.

Bittencourt MCB, Atanazio MJ, Xavier EM, Costa SF

BMJ case reports 2018; (2018()) doi:10.1136/bcr-2017-222286.

Non-response to Interleukin-1 Antagonist Canakinumab in Two Patients with Refractory Pyoderma Gangrenosum and Hidradenitis Suppurativa.

Sun NZ, Ro T, Jolly P, Sayed CJ

The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology 2017; (10(9)):36-38.

Pyoderma gangrenosum, acne, and suppurative hidradenitis syndrome in end-stage renal disease successfully treated with adalimumab.

De Wet J, Jordaan HF, Kannenberg SM, et al.

Dermatology online journal 2017; (23(12)).

The Association of Age With Clinical Presentation and Comorbidities of Pyoderma Gangrenosum.

Ashchyan HJ, Butler DC, Nelson CA, et al.

JAMA dermatology 2018; (154(4)):409-413 doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2017.5978.

Diagnostic Criteria of Ulcerative Pyoderma Gangrenosum: A Delphi Consensus of International Experts.

Maverakis E, Ma C, Shinkai K, et al.

JAMA dermatology 2018; (154(4)):461-466 doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2017.5980.

Improvement of Ulcerations in Treatment-Resistant Chronic Scarring in a Patient with Pyoderma Gangrenosum After Improving Vascular Insufficiency, Gently Removing Necrotic Debris, and Decreasing Wound Fluid.

Nahm WJ, Mota JA, Rojas S, et al.

The American journal of case reports 2018; (19()):844-848 doi:10.12659/AJCR.908995.

Imaging findings of sterile pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum and acne (PAPA) syndrome: differential diagnosis and review of the literature.

Martinez-Rios C, Jariwala MP, Highmore K, et al.

Pediatric radiology 2019; (49(1)):23-36 doi:10.1007/s00247-018-4246-1.

Hidradenitis Suppurativa in a Patient with Smith-Magenis Syndrome: A Case Report.

McKenzie SA, Ni CS, Hsiao JL

Cureus 2019; (11(6)):e4970 doi:10.7759/cureus.4970.

Paraneoplastic pyoderma gangrenosum in solid organ malignancy: a literature review.

Shah M, Sachdeva M, Gefri A, Jfri A

International journal of dermatology 2020; (59(2)):154-158 doi:10.1111/ijd.14637.

Review of Comorbidities of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Implications for Daily Clinical Practice.

Tzellos T, Zouboulis CC

Dermatology and therapy 2020; (10(1)):63-71 doi:10.1007/s13555-020-00354-2.

PsAPASH: a rare and recent autoinflammatory syndrome associated with hidradenitis suppurativa.

Gadelha RL, Paiva RDSR, Palitot EB, Costa JEFD

Anais brasileiros de dermatologia 2020; (95(2)):203-206 doi:10.1016/j.abd.2019.02.012.

PG-TIME: A practical approach to the clinical management of pyoderma gangrenosum.

Janowska A, Oranges T, Fissi A, et al.

Dermatologic therapy 2020; (33(3)):e13412 doi:10.1111/dth.13412.

Surgical Treatment of Pyoderma Gangrenosum with Negative Pressure Wound Therapy and Skin Grafting, Including Xenografts: Personal Experience and Comprehensive Review on 161 Cases.

Eisendle K, Thuile T, Deluca J, Pichler M

Advances in wound care 2020; (9(7)):405-425 doi:10.1089/wound.2020.1160.

IL-17 in inflammatory skin diseases psoriasis and hidradenitis suppurativa.

Fletcher JM, Moran B, Petrasca A, Smith CM

Clinical and experimental immunology 2020; (201(2)):121-134 doi:10.1111/cei.13449.

Altered keratinization and vitamin D metabolism may be key pathogenetic pathways in syndromic hidradenitis suppurativa: a novel whole exome sequencing approach.

Brandao L, Moura R, Tricarico PM, et al.

Journal of dermatological science 2020; (99(1)):17-22 doi:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.05.004.

A case of sporotrichosis infection mimicking pyoderma gangrenosum and the role of tissue culture in diagnosis: A case report.

Tai F, Jakubovic H, Alabdulrazzaq S, Alavi A

SAGE open medical case reports 2020; (8()):2050313X20919600 doi:10.1177/2050313X20919600.

PAPA spectrum disorders.

Genovese G, Moltrasio C, Garcovich S, Marzano AV

Giornale italiano di dermatologia e venereologia : organo ufficiale, Societa italiana di dermatologia e sifilografia 2020; (155(5)):542-550 doi:10.23736/S0392-0488.20.06629-8.

The epidemiology of hidradenitis suppurativa.

Ingram JR

The British journal of dermatology 2020; (183(6)):990-998 doi:10.1111/bjd.19435.

A Unified Concept of Acne in the PAPA Spectrum Disorders.

Maitrepierre F, Marzano AV, Lipsker D

Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland) 2021; (237(5)):827-834 doi:10.1159/000509874.

Phenotypes and Pathophysiology of Syndromic Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Different Faces of the Same Disease? A Systematic Review.

Nikolakis G, Kaleta KP, Vaiopoulos AG, et al.

Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland) 2021; (237(5)):673-697 doi:10.1159/000509873.

Pyoderma gangrenosum.

Maverakis E, Marzano AV, Le ST, et al.

Nature reviews. Disease primers 2020; (6(1)):81 doi:10.1038/s41572-020-0213-x.

Ancient friends, revisited: Systematic review and case report of pyoderma gangrenosum-associated autoinflammatory syndromes.

Saternus R, Schwingel J, Müller CSL, et al.

Journal of translational autoimmunity 2020; (3()):100071 doi:10.1016/j.jtauto.2020.100071.

Prevalence of Neuropathic Pain and Related Characteristics in Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Garcovich S, Muratori S, Moltrasio C, et al.

Journal of clinical medicine 2020; (9(12)) doi:10.3390/jcm9124046.

Comorbidity screening in hidradenitis suppurativa: Evidence-based recommendations from the US and Canadian Hidradenitis Suppurativa Foundations.

Garg A, Malviya N, Strunk A, et al.

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 2022; (86(5)):1092-1101 doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2021.01.059.

The role of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) on the treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum: A systematic review and personal experience.

Almeida IR, Coltro PS, Gonçalves HOC, et al.

Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society 2021; (29(3)):486-494 doi:10.1111/wrr.12910.

Peristomal Pyoderma Gangrenosum Responding to Risankizumab.

Weigelt MA, Kirsner RS

Advances in skin & wound care 2021; (34(6)):327-329 doi:10.1097/01.ASW.0000744324.59877.df.

Incidence, prevalence, and predictors of inflammatory arthritis in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Hanna N, Silverberg OM, Reaume M, et al.

International journal of dermatology 2022; (61(9)):1069-1079 doi:10.1111/ijd.15860.

Crushed Corticosteroid Tablets in Peristomal Pyoderma Gangrenosum: A Case Report.

Burlando M, Paravisi A, Bodini G, et al.

Journal of wound, ostomy, and continence nursing : official publication of The Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society 2021; (48(5)):460-462 doi:10.1097/WON.0000000000000798.

Case Report: PsAPSASH syndrome: an alternative phenotype of syndromic hidradenitis suppurativa treated with the IL-17A inhibitor secukinumab.

Nikolakis G, Kreibich K, Vaiopoulos A, et al.

F1000Research 2021; (10()):381 doi:10.12688/f1000research.52100.2.

Cumulative Inflammation and HbA1c Levels Correlate with Increased Intima-Media Thickness in Patients with Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa.

Sánchez-Díaz M, Salvador-Rodríguez L, Montero-Vílchez T, et al.

Journal of clinical medicine 2021; (10(22)) doi:10.3390/jcm10225222.

Whole-Exome Sequencing in 10 Unrelated Patients with Syndromic Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Preliminary Step for a Genotype-Phenotype Correlation.

Marzano AV, Genovese G, Moltrasio C, et al.

Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland) 2022; (238(5)):860-869 doi:10.1159/000521263.

Dealing with Corticosteroid and High-Dose Cyclosporine Therapy in a Pyoderma Gangrenosum Patient Contracting a COVID-19 Infection.

May MR, Rübben A, Lennertz A, et al.

Journal of personalized medicine 2022; (12(2)) doi:10.3390/jpm12020173.

Pyoderma gangrenosum study pilot registry: The first step to a better understanding.

Orfaly VE, Reese AM, Friedman M, et al.

Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society 2022; (30(3)):334-337 doi:10.1111/wrr.13005.

Pyoderma Gangrenosum, Acne, and Hidradenitis Suppurativa Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Huang J, Tsang LS, Shi W, Li J

Frontiers in medicine 2022; (9()):856786 doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.856786.

A Case of Overlapping Clinical Features of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis, Hidradenitis Suppurativa, and Pyoderma Gangrenosum Successfully Treated with Adalimumab.

Breznik V, Marko PB

Case reports in dermatology 2022; (14(2)):98-106 doi:10.1159/000523801.

Neutrophilic dermatoses.

Delaleu J, Lepelletier C, Calugareanu A, et al.

La Revue de medecine interne 2022; (43(12)):727-738 doi:10.1016/j.revmed.2022.06.007.

Recalcitrant Ulcerative Pyoderma Gangrenosum of the Leg Responsive to Tildrakizumab: A Case Report.

Leow LJ, Zubrzycki N

Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology 2022; (15()):1729-1736 doi:10.2147/CCID.S374534.

An aggressive course of pyoderma gangrenosum mimicking bacterial osteomyelitis after open reduction and internal fixation of a distal radius fracture with a titanium plate.

Wasiak M, Ciszek M, Babiak I, et al.

Reumatologia 2022; (60(4)):292-302 doi:10.5114/reum.2022.119046.

Pain experiences among those living with hidradenitis suppurativa: a qualitative study.

Orenstein LAV, Salame N, Siira MR, et al.

The British journal of dermatology 2023; (188(1)):41-51 doi:10.1093/bjd/ljac018.

Neutrophilic dermatosis and hidradenitis suppurativa in patients with Behçet's disease: A neutrophilic disease in the spectrum of autoinflammatory syndromes.

Bugaut H, Barete S, Bagot M, et al.

Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism 2023; (61()):152224 doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2023.152224.

Pyoderma Gangrenosum: Treatment Options.

Dissemond J, Marzano AV, Hampton PJ, Ortega-Loayza AG

Drugs 2023; (83(14)):1255-1267 doi:10.1007/s40265-023-01931-3.

Wound Debridement in Pyoderma Gangrenosum.

Taheri A, Mansoori P, Sharif M

Advances in skin & wound care 2024; (37(2)):107-111 doi:10.1097/ASW.0000000000000092.

Pyoderma gangrenosum, acne, and suppurative hidradenitis (PASH) syndrome: a single-institution case series with a focus on management.

Yan A, Gallardo M, Savu A, Kaffenberger B

Archives of dermatological research 2024; (316(7)):397 doi:10.1007/s00403-024-03125-7.

A complex case of PASH syndrome: pyoderma gangrenosum, acne, suppurative hidradenitis, and Crohn's disease in a 36-year-old smoker.

Abdul Rahman N, Jazmati A, Roumi Jamal B, et al.

Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) 2024; (86(10)):6280-6284 doi:10.1097/MS9.0000000000002533.

The Clinical and Molecular Response of Pyoderma Gangrenosum to IL-23 Blockade: Result from a Proof-of-Concept Open-Label Clinical Trial.

Flora A, Pham J, Woods JA, et al.

The Journal of investigative dermatology 2025; (145(6)):1396-1406.e6 doi:10.1016/j.jid.2024.10.602.

Updates in innovation of the treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum.

Keum H, Zhivov EV, Ortega-Loayza AG

Expert review of clinical pharmacology 2025; (18(1-2)):29-39 doi:10.1080/17512433.2024.2447776.

Anti-IL 17 biologics and pyoderma gangrenosum - therapeutic or causal?

Wanzenberg A, Keshock E, Sami N

Archives of dermatological research 2025; (317(1)):235 doi:10.1007/s00403-024-03689-4.

Resolution of Pyoderma Gangrenosum During Adjuvant Breast Cancer Therapy.

Lauder AP, Nwiloh A, Eximond M, et al.

Journal of clinical medicine 2025; (14(4)) doi:10.3390/jcm14041320.

Case Report: Spesolimab for pyoderma gangrenosum in an undifferentiated oligoarthritis patient receiving anti-IL-17 therapy.

Xin W, Gu L, Du F, et al.

Frontiers in immunology 2025; (16()):1581996 doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1581996.

Secukinumab Leading to Rapid Improvement in Pyogenic Arthritis, Acne, Pyoderma Gangrenosum, and Hidradenitis Suppurativa (PAPASH) Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of Treatment Modalities for PAPASH Patients.

Shevtsova IN, Abbott JJ, Shevtsov PN, et al.

Case reports in rheumatology 2025; (2025()):7720064 doi:10.1155/crrh/7720064.

Hidradenitis suppurativa in autoinflammatory syndromes.

Mokos ZB, Marinović B, Jukić IL, et al.

Clinics in dermatology 2025; (43(4)):471-478 doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2025.05.003.

Management of Hidradenitis Suppurativa in Special Populations: A Narrative Review.

Mallela T, Passannante L, Patel H, et al.

Dermatology and therapy 2025; (15(8)):1985-1998 doi:10.1007/s13555-025-01457-4.

Case Report: Diagnostic difficulties, treatment, and association of the MEFV E148Q variant in a patient with PASH syndrome.

Qin Q, Cao C, Liang J, et al.

Frontiers in medicine 2025; (12()):1557540 doi:10.3389/fmed.2025.1557540.

Pyoderma gangrenosum: pathogenetic mechanisms and their implications for treatment.

Moltrasio C, Romagnuolo M, Tavoletti G, et al.

Seminars in immunopathology 2025; (47(1)):38.

Concurrent Hidradenitis Suppurativa and Pyoderma Gangrenosum in a Pediatric Cohort: A Retrospective Case Series.

Wu V, Lara-Corrales I, Sibbald C, Levy R

Journal of cutaneous medicine and surgery 2026; (30(2)):139-142 doi:10.1177/12034754251386763.

The role of surgery in hidradenitis suppurativa: expert-based holistic approaches.

Guillem P, Sayed CJ, Goldberg SR, et al.

Clinical and experimental dermatology 2026; (51(8)):1357-1366 doi:10.1093/ced/llag035.

Management of Hidradenitis Suppurativa in the United Arab Emirates (UAE): A Consensus Statement from the Emirates Dermatology Society.

Ameen A, Albreiki F, Alnaeem A, et al.

Dermatology and therapy 2026; (16(3)):1473-1497 doi:10.1007/s13555-026-01680-7.

Ultrasound-guided cooled radiofrequency ablation for sacroiliac joint pain in a patient with PsAPASH syndrome: A case report.

Henriques Afonso C, Ribeiro Martins D, Cabete J, Camarinha I

Interventional pain medicine 2026; (5(1)):100742 doi:10.1016/j.inpm.2026.100742.

The utility of biopsy in pyoderma gangrenosum: a retrospective cohort study.

Moore AM, Karch JL, Bradley KE, et al.

Skin health and disease 2026; (6(2)):90-93 doi:10.1093/skinhd/vzaf087.

Secondary Microbial Infection in Pyoderma Gangrenosum: Comparable Rates to Venous Ulcers in a Retrospective Cohort.

Stenger KS, Burger ES

Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society 2026; (34(2)):e70161 doi:10.1111/wrr.70161.

Case Report: Pyoderma gangrenosum masquerading as skin and soft tissue infection preceding myelodysplastic syndrome.

Shi Y, Tang B, Qu T, et al.

Frontiers in medicine 2026; (13()):1792269 doi:10.3389/fmed.2026.1792269.

Probable pyoderma gangrenosum complicated with cutaneous Aspergillus flavus infection: case report.

Sun S, Zhu M, Wen C

Frontiers in medicine 2026; (13()):1806433 doi:10.3389/fmed.2026.1806433.

Rapid Remission through Multimodal Therapy in a Severe Form of PASH Syndrome: A Case Report.

Lohmer CB, von Stebut-Marx J, Wilhelm T, et al.

Case reports in dermatology 2026; (18(1)):256-263 doi:10.1159/000551256.

Palliative and Supportive Care Needs in Advanced Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Systematic Review.

Almahdi MA, Mashi A, Shaikh AY, et al.

Cureus 2026; (18(5)):e108573 doi:10.7759/cureus.108573.

Successful revision surgery after postsurgical pyoderma gangrenosum following reduction mammaplasty: A case report.

Tao LA, Cafro C, Rosser M, et al.

JPRAS open 2026; (51()):357-362 doi:10.1016/j.jpra.2026.06.012.

Postoperative Pyoderma Gangrenosum Following Varicose Vein Surgery: Recognizing a Rare Surgical Mimic Before Extensive Tissue Loss.

El Salawi O, Dubois M, De Smet A

Cureus 2026; (18(7)):e113733 doi:10.7759/cureus.113733.

Autoinflammatory Syndromes of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Updates in Clinical Features, Emerging Associations, and Management.

Ho JY, Liang AL, Maronese CA, et al.

Current rheumatology reports 2026; (28(1)).

Pyoderma gangrenosum following pelvic and femoral osteotomy in an 8-Year-Old Girl with Cri-du-chat syndrome: A case report.

Eugster T, Lengnick H, Lotter L, et al.

JPRAS open 2026; (52()):192-195 doi:10.1016/j.jpra.2026.08.026.