Research & Literature

Transarterial Embolization of Angiomyolipoma: A Systematic Review.

Murray TE, Doyle F, Lee M

The Journal of urology 2015; (194(3)):635-9.

Urgent transcatheter arterial embolization for the treatment of ruptured renal angiomyolipoma with spontaneous hemorrhage.

Duan XH, Zhang MF, Ren JZ, et al.

Acta radiologica (Stockholm, Sweden : 1987) 2016; (57(11)):1360-1365 doi:10.1177/0284185115588125.

Everolimus for renal angiomyolipoma in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex or sporadic lymphangioleiomyomatosis: extension of a randomized controlled trial.

Bissler JJ, Kingswood JC, Radzikowska E, et al.

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association 2016; (31(1)):111-9 doi:10.1093/ndt/gfv249.

Update on the Diagnosis and Management of Renal Angiomyolipoma.

Flum AS, Hamoui N, Said MA, et al.

The Journal of urology 2016; (195(4 Pt 1)):834-46.

Robotic Partial Nephrectomy in the Treatment of Renal Angiomyolipoma.

Kara O, Akca O, Zargar H, et al.

Journal of endourology 2016; (30(3)):275-9 doi:10.1089/end.2015.0624.

Treatment of renal angiomyolipoma: pooled analysis of individual patient data.

Kuusk T, Biancari F, Lane B, et al.

BMC urology 2015; (15()):123 doi:10.1186/s12894-015-0118-2.

Unenhanced CT and MRI Parameters That Can Be Used to Reliably Predict Fat-Invisible Angiomyolipoma.

Jeong CJ, Park BK, Park JJ, Kim CK

AJR. American journal of roentgenology 2016; (206(2)):340-7 doi:10.2214/AJR.15.15086.

Natural History of Renal Angiomyolipoma (AML): Most Patients with Large AMLs >4cm Can Be Offered Active Surveillance as an Initial Management Strategy.

Bhatt JR, Richard PO, Kim NS, et al.

European urology 2016; (70(1)):85-90 doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2016.01.048.

Role of 64 slice multidetector computed tomography and angiography to establish relationship between tumor size, aneurysm formation and spontaneous rupture of renal angiomyolipomas: Single center experience.

Gandhi SP, Pal BC, Patel KN, et al.

Urology annals 2016; (8(2)):173-7 doi:10.4103/0974-7796.172213.

Review of the Tuberous Sclerosis Renal Guidelines from the 2012 Consensus Conference: Current Data and Future Study.

Kingswood JC, Bissler JJ, Budde K, et al.

Nephron 2016; (134(2)):51-58 doi:10.1159/000448293.

New radiologic classification of renal angiomyolipomas.

Song S, Park BK, Park JJ

European journal of radiology 2016; (85(10)):1835-1842 doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2016.08.012.

Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Findings of Fat-Poor Angiomyolipomas.

Potretzke AM, Potretzke TA, Bauman TM, et al.

Journal of endourology 2017; (31(2)):119-128 doi:10.1089/end.2016.0219.

Hepatic perivascular epithelioid cell tumor in three patients.

Hao BB, Rao JH, Fan Y, et al.

Hepatobiliary & pancreatic diseases international : HBPD INT 2016; (15(6)):660-664 doi:10.1016/s1499-3872(16)60077-2.

The Role of Interventional Radiology Techniques in the Management of Renal Angiomyolipomas.

Kiefer RM, Stavropoulos SW

Current urology reports 2017; (18(5)):36 doi:10.1007/s11934-017-0687-6.

Treatment of Renal Angiomyolipoma and Other Hamartomas in Patients with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex.

Samuels JA

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN 2017; (12(7)):1196-1202 doi:10.2215/CJN.08150816.

[Epithelioid angiomyolipoma of the kidney: About one case and malignant features evaluation].

Lavrut PM, Paparel P, Decaussin-Petrucci M

Annales de pathologie 2017; (37(2)):182-187 doi:10.1016/j.annpat.2017.01.005.

Stepwise algorithm using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis of fat-poor angiomyolipoma in small renal masses: Development and external validation.

Tanaka H, Fujii Y, Tanaka H, et al.

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association 2017; (24(7)):511-517 doi:10.1111/iju.13354.

Renal Angiomyolipoma: Radiologic Classification and Imaging Features According to the Amount of Fat.

Park BK

AJR. American journal of roentgenology 2017; (209(4)):826-835 doi:10.2214/AJR.17.17973.

Everolimus long-term use in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex: Four-year update of the EXIST-2 study.

Bissler JJ, Kingswood JC, Radzikowska E, et al.

PloS one 2017; (12(8)):e0180939 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0180939.

Intermittent everolimus administration for renal angiomyolipoma associated with tuberous sclerosis complex.

Hatano T, Inaba H, Endo K, Egawa S

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association 2017; (24(11)):780-785 doi:10.1111/iju.13428.

Renal manifestations of tuberous sclerosis complex: patients' and parents' knowledge and routines for renal follow-up - a questionnaire study.

Cockerell I, Guenin M, Heimdal K, et al.

BMC nephrology 2018; (19(1)):39 doi:10.1186/s12882-018-0835-3.

Clinical behavior and management of three types of renal angiomyolipomas.

Lee KH, Tsai HY, Kao YT, et al.

Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi 2019; (118(1 Pt 1)):162-169 doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2018.02.012.

Surveillance imaging for sporadic renal angiomyolipoma less than 40 mm: lessons learnt and recommendations from the experience of a large district general hospital.

Chan KE, Chedgy E, Bent CL, Turner KJ

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 2018; (100(6)):480-484 doi:10.1308/rcsann.2018.0040.

Outcomes of ultrasound guided renal mass biopsies.

Sutherland EL, Choromanska A, Al-Katib S, Coffey M

Journal of ultrasound 2018; (21(2)):99-104 doi:10.1007/s40477-018-0299-0.

Renal angiomyolipoma in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex: findings from the TuberOus SClerosis registry to increase disease Awareness.

Kingswood JC, Belousova E, Benedik MP, et al.

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association 2019; (34(3)):502-508 doi:10.1093/ndt/gfy063.

Two in One: Epithelioid angiomyolipoma within a classic kidney angiomyolipoma - a case report.

Tuma J, Moch H, Stuckmann G, et al.

BMC nephrology 2018; (19(1)):123 doi:10.1186/s12882-018-0919-0.

Renal Angiomyolipoma: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly.

Vos N, Oyen R

Journal of the Belgian Society of Radiology 2018; (102(1)):41 doi:10.5334/jbsr.1536.

Angiomyolipoma rebound tumor growth after discontinuation of everolimus in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex or sporadic lymphangioleiomyomatosis.

Bissler JJ, Nonomura N, Budde K, et al.

PloS one 2018; (13(9)):e0201005 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0201005.

Renal Angiomyolipoma Based on New Classification: How to Differentiate It From Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Park BK

AJR. American journal of roentgenology 2019; (212(3)):582-588 doi:10.2214/AJR.18.20408.

Renal and adrenal masses containing fat at MRI: Proposed nomenclature by the society of abdominal radiology disease-focused panel on renal cell carcinoma.

Schieda N, Davenport MS, Pedrosa I, et al.

Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI 2019; (49(4)):917-926 doi:10.1002/jmri.26542.

A young female case of primary renal carcinoid tumor mimicking fat-poor angiomyolipoma.

Kato R, Fukushima H, Kobayashi M, et al.

International cancer conference journal 2018; (7(4)):156-158 doi:10.1007/s13691-018-0341-2.

[Hepatic epithelioid angiomyolipoma/PEComa and focal nodular hyperplasia in a patient with a previous history of cutaneous melanoma].

Machado I, Marhuenda A, Trallero M, et al.

Revista espanola de patologia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Anatomia Patologica y de la Sociedad Espanola de Citologia 2019; (52(4)):250-255 doi:10.1016/j.patol.2018.05.001.

Renal angiomyolipoma with tuberous sclerosis complex: How it differs from sporadic angiomyolipoma in both management and care.

Hatano T, Egawa S

Asian journal of surgery 2020; (43(10)):967-972 doi:10.1016/j.asjsur.2019.12.008.

Renal angiomyolipoma-patient characteristics and treatment with focus on active surveillance.

Swärd J, Henrikson O, Lyrdal D, et al.

Scandinavian journal of urology 2020; (54(2)):141-146 doi:10.1080/21681805.2020.1716066.

Utility of material-specific fat images derived from rapid-kVp-switch dual-energy renal mass CT for diagnosis of renal angiomyolipoma.

Walker D, Udare A, Chatelain R, et al.

Acta radiologica (Stockholm, Sweden : 1987) 2021; (62(9)):1263-1272 doi:10.1177/0284185120959819.

Evidence-based protocol-led management of renal angiomyolipoma: A review of literature.

Vaggers S, Rice P, Somani BK, et al.

Turkish journal of urology 2021; (47(Supp. 1)):S9-S18 doi:10.5152/tud.2020.20343.

Renal Manifestations of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex: Key Findings From the Final Analysis of the TOSCA Study Focussing Mainly on Renal Angiomyolipomas.

Kingswood JC, Belousova E, Benedik MP, et al.

Frontiers in neurology 2020; (11()):972 doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.00972.

Epithelioid angiomyolipoma with tumor thrombus in IVC and right atrium.

Gupta D, Vishwajeet V, Pandey H, et al.

Autopsy & case reports 2020; (10(4)):e2020190 doi:10.4322/acr.2020.190.

Wunderlich Syndrome: Wonder What It Is.

Parmar N, Langdon J, Kaliannan K, et al.

Current problems in diagnostic radiology 2022; (51(2)):270-281 doi:10.1067/j.cpradiol.2020.12.002.

Giant renal pseudoaneurysm complicating angiomyolipoma in a patient with tuberous sclerosis complex: An unusual case report and review of the literature.

Esmat HA, Naseri MW

Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) 2021; (62()):131-134 doi:10.1016/j.amsu.2021.01.014.

PEComa-A Rare Liver Tumor.

Krawczyk M, Ziarkiewicz-Wróblewska B, Wróblewski T, et al.

Journal of clinical medicine 2021; (10(8)) doi:10.3390/jcm10081756.

Sustained response to pembrolizumab in recurrent perivascular epithelioid cell tumor with elevated expression of programmed death ligand: a case report.

McBride A, Garcia AJ, Sanders LJ, et al.

Journal of medical case reports 2021; (15(1)):400 doi:10.1186/s13256-021-02997-x.

Urgent Transcatheter Arterial Embolization for Wunderlich Syndrome With Hypovolemic Shock Secondary to Ruptured Renal Angiomyolipoma.

Gong M, Liu Z, Su H, et al.

Frontiers in surgery 2021; (8()):704478 doi:10.3389/fsurg.2021.704478.

Renal cystic disease in tuberous sclerosis complex.

Kumar P, Zadjali F, Yao Y, Bissler JJ

Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) 2021; (246(19)):2111-2117 doi:10.1177/15353702211038378.

Renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma: computed tomography manifestation and radiologic-pathologic correlation depending on different epithelioid component percentages.

Luo C, Liu Z, Gao M, et al.

Abdominal radiology (New York) 2022; (47(1)):310-319 doi:10.1007/s00261-021-03313-3.

New Trends and Evidence for the Management of Renal Angiomyolipoma: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of the Literature.

Restrepo JCÁ, Millan DAC, Sabogal CAR, et al.

Journal of kidney cancer and VHL 2022; (9(1)):33-41 doi:10.15586/jkcvhl.v9i1.177.

Active Surveillance for Renal Angiomyolipoma Less Than 4 Centimeters: A Systematic Review of Cohort Studies.

Zeid M, Sayedin H, Nabi N, et al.

Cureus 2022; (14(2)):e22678 doi:10.7759/cureus.22678.

Are nephrometry scores accurate for the prediction of outcomes in patients with renal angiomyolipoma treated with robot-assisted partial nephrectomy? A multi-institutional analysis.

Uleri A, Diana P, Lughezzani G, et al.

Minerva urology and nephrology 2022; (74(6)):730-737 doi:10.23736/S2724-6051.22.04848-0.

♣Evaluation of clinicopathological profiles and development of a risk model in renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma patients: a large-scale retrospective cohort study.

Anwaier A, Xu WH, Tian X, et al.

BMC urology 2022; (22(1)):148 doi:10.1186/s12894-022-01101-9.

Cytomorphology of renal angiomyolipoma: performance and accuracy of touch preparation of core needle biopsy.

Gelarden IA, Gama A, Choy B

Journal of the American Society of Cytopathology 2023; (12(2)):142-152 doi:10.1016/j.jasc.2022.12.003.

Prophylactic Steroids for Preventing Postembolization Syndrome after Transcatheter Arterial Embolization of Renal Angiomyolipoma: A Comparative Study.

Tsuchiya S, Saiga A, Yokota H, et al.

Interventional radiology (Higashimatsuyama-shi (Japan) 2023; (8(1)):1-6 doi:10.22575/interventionalradiology.2021-0015.

Is Size All That Matters? New Predictors of Complications and Bleeding in Renal Angiomyolipoma.

Combes A, McQueen S, Palma CA, et al.

Research and reports in urology 2023; (15()):113-121 doi:10.2147/RRU.S400730.

Wunderlich Syndrome: Comprehensive Review of Diagnosis and Management.

Shah JN, Gandhi D, Prasad SR, et al.

Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc 2023; (43(6)):e220172 doi:10.1148/rg.220172.

Management Outcomes of Large Renal Angiomyolipoma Presenting with Wunderlich Syndrome-Experience from a Tertiary Center.

Pal AK, Kalra S, Sreenivasan SK, et al.

Journal of kidney cancer and VHL 2023; (10(2)):21-28 doi:10.15586/jkcvhl.v10i2.265.

Hypovolemic shock due to Wunderlich syndrome (spontaneous renal haemorrhage): a case report and literature review.

Vercelli A, Pagani L, Christodoulakis K, et al.

Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis 2023; (94(3)):e2023073 doi:10.23750/abm.v94i3.14087.

The effect of pregnancy on renal angiomyolipoma; a world of knowledge to gain, specifically in women with TSC.

Kluiving MW, Peeters EFHI, Lely TA, et al.

BMC nephrology 2024; (25(1)):113 doi:10.1186/s12882-024-03483-4.

Evolving horizons in renal angiomyolipoma: two decades of management strategies and clinical perspectives in a single institutional study.

Keles A, Iplikci A, Arikan O, et al.

The aging male : the official journal of the International Society for the Study of the Aging Male 2024; (27(1)):2346308 doi:10.1080/13685538.2024.2346308.

Comprehensive Insights Into Renal Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Neoplasms: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Practice.

Dong BN, Zhan H, Luan T, Wang JS

World journal of oncology 2024; (15(3)):372-381 doi:10.14740/wjon1794.

Comparison of Superselective Renal Artery Embolization versus Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy in Ruptured Hemorrhagic Renal Angiomyolipoma: A Single-Center Study.

Li Z, Yang L, Yang H, et al.

Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) 2024; (12(9)) doi:10.3390/diseases12090218.

Renal angiomyolipomas: Typical and atypical features on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.

Labra A, Schiappacasse G, Constenla D, Cristi J

World journal of radiology 2025; (17(2)):104282 doi:10.4329/wjr.v17.i2.104282.

Renal Epithelioid Angiomyolipoma: Prognostic Implications of Targeted Immunohistochemical and Molecular Markers in Conjunction with Clinicopathologic Features.

Sangoi AR, Lobo A, Jha S, et al.

The American journal of surgical pathology 2025; (49(8)):781-788 doi:10.1097/PAS.0000000000002411.

Arterial Embolization versus Robotic Partial Nephrectomy for the Treatment of Renal Angiomyolipomas.

Ouzaid I, Gabriel PE, Lee B, et al.

International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology 2025; (51(5)).

Renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma: A multi-institutional, international cohort study with emphasis on clinicopathologic prognostic indicators.

Pecoraro A, Amparore D, Bertolo R, et al.

Urologic oncology 2025; doi:10.1016/j.urolonc.2025.10.018.

Complicated renal angiomyolipoma with renal vein fat embolism mimicking lipid-rich renal cell carcinoma: A case report.

Alsaleh B, Alanzi A, Alatefi D, et al.

Radiology case reports 2026; (21(6)):2412-2420 doi:10.1016/j.radcr.2026.02.024.

Wünderlich Syndrome Without Classic Signs: A Case of Spontaneous Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage From a Ruptured Renal Angiomyolipoma.

Andino-Colón C, Nuñez A, Poventud Y, Mercado J

Cureus 2026; (18(3)):e106094 doi:10.7759/cureus.106094.

A rare case of malignant epithelioid angiomyolipoma: involvement of the lumbar vein pathway with downward extension to the iliac veins.

Wang D, Cui H, Liu M, et al.

International journal of surgery case reports 2026; (138(4)):1219-1223 doi:10.1097/RC9.0000000000000148.

Development of a clinical nomogram for predicting hemorrhagic rupture in renal angiomyolipoma and analysis of molecular correlates (CD34, PPARG, and PTEN).

Li X, Wan J, Li X, et al.

Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) 2026; (21(1)):20261462 doi:10.1515/med-2026-1462.

Late-Onset Diagnosis of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Revealed by Renal Angiomyolipoma: A Case Report.

Fekih A, Heni W, Messaoudi C, et al.

Clinical case reports 2026; (14(6)):e72928 doi:10.1002/ccr3.72928.

Epithelioid renal angiomyolipoma: Clinical characteristics, treatment strategies, and oncological outcomes-An individual patient data meta-analysis of 259 cases.

Haselhoff FJ, Kaufmann E, Mattei A, et al.

Urologic oncology 2026; (44(10)):759-766 doi:10.1016/j.urolonc.2026.08.006.

Beyond the epithelioid percentage: Adverse-feature burden for prognostic stratification of renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma - A cohort study and individual patient data meta-analysis.

Wang C, Liu S, Liu F, et al.

Annals of diagnostic pathology 2026; (86()):152725 doi:10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2026.152725.