Research & Literature

Liver Dysfunction Associated with Intravenous Methylprednisolone Pulse Therapy in Patients with Graves' Orbitopathy.

Eguchi H, Tani J, Hirao S, et al.

International journal of endocrinology 2015; (2015()):835979 doi:10.1155/2015/835979.

Current Insights into the Pathogenesis of Graves' Ophthalmopathy.

Bahn RS

Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme 2015; (47(10)):773-8 doi:10.1055/s-0035-1555762.

Customized Orbital Decompression Surgery Combined with Eyelid Surgery or Strabismus Surgery in Mild to Moderate Thyroid-associated Ophthalmopathy.

Choi SW, Lee JY, Lew H

Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO 2016; (30(1)):1-9 doi:10.3341/kjo.2016.30.1.1.

Corneal Mechanical Thresholds Negatively Associate With Dry Eye and Ocular Pain Symptoms.

Spierer O, Felix ER, McClellan AL, et al.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 2016; (57(2)):617-25 doi:10.1167/iovs.15-18133.

TSH/IGF-1 Receptor Cross Talk in Graves' Ophthalmopathy Pathogenesis.

Krieger CC, Place RF, Bevilacqua C, et al.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2016; (101(6)):2340-7 doi:10.1210/jc.2016-1315.

Effect of smoking on retrobulbar blood flow in thyroid eye disease.

Sadeghi-Tari A, Jamshidian-Tehrani M, Nabavi A, et al.

Eye (London, England) 2016; (30(12)):1573-1578 doi:10.1038/eye.2016.184.

An update on thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy in children and adolescents.

Szczapa-Jagustyn J, Gotz-Więckowska A, Kocięcki J

Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism : JPEM 2016; (29(10)):1115-1122.

Thyroid eye disease: a review.

Weiler DL

Clinical & experimental optometry 2017; (100(1)):20-25 doi:10.1111/cxo.12472.

Natural history of graves' orbitopathy after treatment.

Menconi F, Leo M, Sabini E, et al.

Endocrine 2017; (57(2)):226-233 doi:10.1007/s12020-016-1136-x.

Related quality of life questionnaire specific to dysthyroid ophthalmopathy evaluated in a population of patients with Graves' disease.

Delfino LC, Zunino A, Sapia V, et al.

Archives of endocrinology and metabolism 2017; (61(4)):374-381 doi:10.1590/2359-3997000000252.

Peri-levator palpebrae superioris triamcinolone injection for the treatment of thyroid eye disease-associated upper eyelid retraction.

Joos ZP, Sullivan TJ

Clinical & experimental ophthalmology 2017; (45(6)):651-652 doi:10.1111/ceo.12939.

Selenium and Thyroid Disease: From Pathophysiology to Treatment.

Ventura M, Melo M, Carrilho F

International journal of endocrinology 2017; (2017()):1297658 doi:10.1155/2017/1297658.

[Surgical rehabilitation of patients with thyroid eye disease: systematic approach].

Avetisov SE, Grusha YO, Ismailova DS, et al.

Vestnik oftalmologii 2017; (133(1)):4-10 doi:10.17116/oftalma201713314-10.

Clinical utility of cyclosporine (CsA) ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% for symptomatic relief in people with chronic dry eye: a review of the literature.

Rhee MK, Mah FS

Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) 2017; (11()):1157-1166 doi:10.2147/OPTH.S113437.

Search for relevant indications for selenium supplementation in thyroid diseases.

Wojciechowska-Durczynska K, Lewinski A

Neuro endocrinology letters 2017; (38(4)):237-241.

Modulation of hyaluronan polymer size regulates proliferation of perimysial fibroblasts in thyroid eye disease.

Ma R, Li Q, Wang Z, et al.

Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2018; (496(4)):1376-1381 doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.02.037.

Pediatric Thyroid Eye Disease: Clinical Characteristics and Orbital Decompression Outcomes.

Chua MR, Tomlinson LA, Binenbaum G, Katowitz WR

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2018; (34(4S Suppl 1)):S52-S55 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000001137.

Functional and structural evaluation of the meibomian gland using a LipiView interferometer in thyroid eye disease.

Park J, Kim J, Lee H, et al.

Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie 2018; (53(4)):373-379 doi:10.1016/j.jcjo.2017.11.006.

Predominant Contribution of Superior Rectus-Levator Complex Enlargement to Optic Neuropathy and Inferior Visual Field Defects in Thyroid Eye Disease.

Oropesa S, Dunbar KE, Godfrey KJ, et al.

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2019; (35(3)):262-265 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000001224.

Orbital decompression surgery for the treatment of Graves' ophthalmopathy: comparison of different techniques and long-term results.

Cubuk MO, Konuk O, Unal M

International journal of ophthalmology 2018; (11(8)):1363-1370 doi:10.18240/ijo.2018.08.18.

Factors associated with the efficacy of intravenous methylprednisolone in moderate-to-severe and active thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy: A single-centre retrospective study.

Hu S, Wang Y, He M, et al.

Clinical endocrinology 2019; (90(1)):175-183 doi:10.1111/cen.13855.

Imaging biomarkers in thyroid eye disease and their clinical associations.

Chaganti S, Nelson K, Mundy K, et al.

Journal of medical imaging (Bellingham, Wash.) 2018; (5(4)):044001 doi:10.1117/1.JMI.5.4.044001.

Evolution of thyroid eye disease decompression-dysthyroid optic neuropathy.

Tooley AA, Godfrey KJ, Kazim M

Eye (London, England) 2019; (33(2)):206-211 doi:10.1038/s41433-018-0259-0.

Definition and Diagnostic Criteria of Dry Eye Disease: Historical Overview and Future Directions.

Shimazaki J

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 2018; (59(14)):DES7-DES12 doi:10.1167/iovs.17-23475.

The impact of orbital bony or fat decompression on the outcome of strabismus surgery in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Lee JKS, Hsieh C, Wei YH, Liao SL

Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi 2019; (118(1 Pt 3)):387-394 doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2018.06.009.

Can combination of glucocorticoids with other immunosoppressive drugs reduce the cumulative dose of glucocorticoids for moderate-to-severe and active Graves' orbitopathy?

Tanda ML, Piantanida E, Masiello E, et al.

Journal of endocrinological investigation 2019; (42(3)):351-352 doi:10.1007/s40618-019-01015-8.

Evaluation of the Graves' Orbitopathy-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire in the Mainland Chinese Population.

Zeng P, Fan SX, Li ZJ, et al.

Journal of ophthalmology 2019; (2019()):7602419 doi:10.1155/2019/7602419.

Quality of Life in Thyroid Eye Disease: A Systematic Review.

Lee THB, Sundar G

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2020; (36(2)):118-126 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000001446.

Management of ocular manifestations of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis 4B, harlequin type, in the perinatal period.

Khalili A, Schear M, Greaves G, et al.

Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 2019; (23(6)):352-354 doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2019.08.274.

The Effect of Smoking on Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Patients With Graves Ophthalmopathy.

Yuksel N, Yaman D, Tugce Pasaoglu O, Pasaoglu H

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2020; (36(2)):172-177 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000001514.

Teprotumumab for the Treatment of Active Thyroid Eye Disease.

Douglas RS, Kahaly GJ, Patel A, et al.

The New England journal of medicine 2020; (382(4)):341-352 doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1910434.

Efficacy of Simple Eye Ointment, Polyethylene Cover, and Eyelid Taping in Prevention of Ocular Surface Disorders in Critically Ill Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Ahmadinejad M, Karbasi E, Jahani Y, et al.

Critical care research and practice 2020; (2020()):6267432 doi:10.1155/2020/6267432.

Management of Thyroid Eye Disease-Related Strabismus.

Akbari MR, Mirmohammadsadeghi A, Mahmoudzadeh R, Veisi A

Journal of current ophthalmology 2020; (32(1)):1-13 doi:10.1016/j.joco.2019.10.002.

Ocular Hypertension, Glaucoma or Compressive Neuropathy in Patient with Active TED.

Stoyanova NS, Konareva-Kostianeva MI, Mitkova-Hristova VT

Folia medica 2020; (62(2)):418-423 doi:10.3897/folmed.62.e47689.

Acute bilateral cerebral infarction in the presence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: A case report.

Wang ZY, Wang M, Guo JJ, et al.

Medicine 2020; (99(40)):e22616 doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000022616.

Treatment with Intravenous Methylprednisolone in Patients with Graves' Orbitopathy Significantly Affects Adrenal Function: Assessment of Serum, Salivary Cortisol and Serum Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate.

Pelewicz K, Szewczyk S, Miśkiewicz P

Journal of clinical medicine 2020; (9(10)) doi:10.3390/jcm9103233.

A retrospective study of pediatric thyroid eye disease: the Asian experience.

Sim B, Chng CL, Audrey C, Seah LL

Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 2022; (41(1)):69-78 doi:10.1080/01676830.2020.1831550.

Gender differences in clinical presentation and prognosis of thyroid eye disease.

Zloto O, Sagiv O, Priel A, et al.

European journal of ophthalmology 2021; (31(5)):2717-2723 doi:10.1177/1120672120964112.

Eyelid Surgery in Graves' Orbitopathy.

Hintschich C

Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde 2021; (238(1)):33-40 doi:10.1055/a-1325-9061.

Risk Factors of Thyroid Eye Disease.

Lee MH, Chin YH, Ng CH, et al.

Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists 2021; (27(3)):245-253 doi:10.1016/j.eprac.2020.11.011.

New-Onset of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a Patient Treated With Teprotumumab for Thyroid Associated Ophthalmopathy.

Ashraf DC, Jankovic I, El-Nachef N, et al.

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2021; (37(5)):e160-e164 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000001943.

Predictive Factors for Changes in Quality of Life after Steroid Treatment for Active Moderate-to-Severe Graves' Orbitopathy: A Prospective Trial.

Hoppe E, Lee ACH, Hoppe D, Kahaly GJ

European thyroid journal 2021; (9(6)):313-320 doi:10.1159/000508071.

Teprotumumab: The First Approved Biologic for Thyroid Eye Disease.

Hwang CJ, Eftekhari K

International ophthalmology clinics 2021; (61(2)):53-61 doi:10.1097/IIO.0000000000000353.

Advanced Techniques in Orbital Decompression Surgery: Recent Advances.

Reshef ER, Yoon MK

International ophthalmology clinics 2021; (61(2)):89-105 doi:10.1097/IIO.0000000000000346.

Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula Masquerading as Thyroid Eye Disease.

Azzam DB, Cypen SG, Conger JR, Tao JP

Cureus 2021; (13(4)):e14261 doi:10.7759/cureus.14261.

A pathological indicator for dysthyroid optic neuropathy: tritan color vision deficiency.

Garip Kuebler A, Halfter K, Reznicek L, et al.

Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie 2021; (259(11)):3421-3426 doi:10.1007/s00417-021-05227-8.

Tocilizumab for the Management of Thyroid-Associated Orbitopathy.

Smith LD, Moscato EE, Seiff SR

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2022; (38(2)):188-192 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000002027.

The 2021 European Group on Graves' orbitopathy (EUGOGO) clinical practice guidelines for the medical management of Graves' orbitopathy.

Bartalena L, Kahaly GJ, Baldeschi L, et al.

European journal of endocrinology 2021; (185(4)):G43-G67.

Staged Treatment of Asymmetrical Age-related Changes in the Eyelid and Thyroid Eye Disease.

Takahira T, Akita S, Maei H, et al.

Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open 2021; (9(7)):e3706 doi:10.1097/GOX.0000000000003706.

Cigarette smoking and nicotine exposure contributes for aberrant insulin signaling and cardiometabolic disorders.

Rehman K, Haider K, Akash MSH

European journal of pharmacology 2021; (909()):174410 doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174410.

Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Thyroid Eye Disease in the United States.

Cockerham KP, Padnick-Silver L, Stuertz N, et al.

Ophthalmology and therapy 2021; (10(4)):975-987 doi:10.1007/s40123-021-00385-8.

Inhibition of TSH/IGF-1 Receptor Crosstalk by Teprotumumab as a Treatment Modality of Thyroid Eye Disease.

Krieger CC, Sui X, Kahaly GJ, et al.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2022; (107(4)):e1653-e1660 doi:10.1210/clinem/dgab824.

Upper Eyelid Contour Changes After Orbital Decompression in Graves Orbitopathy.

Cruz AAV, Equitério B, Diniz SB, et al.

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2022; (38(3)):289-293 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000002093.

Efficacy and Safety of Teprotumumab in Thyroid Eye Disease.

Teo HM, Smith TJ, Joseph SS

Therapeutics and clinical risk management 2021; (17()):1219-1230 doi:10.2147/TCRM.S303057.

Proptosis and Diplopia Response With Teprotumumab and Placebo vs the Recommended Treatment Regimen With Intravenous Methylprednisolone in Moderate to Severe Thyroid Eye Disease: A Meta-analysis and Matching-Adjusted Indirect Comparison.

Douglas RS, Dailey R, Subramanian PS, et al.

JAMA ophthalmology 2022; (140(4)):328-335 doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2021.6284.

Pathophysiology of thyroid-associated orbitopathy.

Lee ACH, Kahaly GJ

Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism 2023; (37(2)):101620 doi:10.1016/j.beem.2022.101620.

Insights into Current Management Strategies for Dysthyroid Optic Neuropathy: A Review.

Tagami M, Honda S, Azumi A

Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) 2022; (16()):841-850 doi:10.2147/OPTH.S284609.

Thyroid-Stimulating Antibody/Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Receptor Antibody Ratio as a Sensitive Screening Test for Active Graves' Orbitopathy.

Nakano M, Konishi H, Koshiba M

Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists 2022; (28(10)):1050-1054 doi:10.1016/j.eprac.2022.07.007.

Reduced choroidal peripapillary capillaries in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy with early stage of dysthyroid optic neuropathy.

Wu JH, Luo LY, Zhou H, et al.

International journal of ophthalmology 2022; (15(7)):1135-1141 doi:10.18240/ijo.2022.07.14.

Decrease in Bone Formation and Bone Resorption during Intravenous Methylprednisolone Pulse Therapy in Patients with Graves' Orbitopathy.

Rymuza J, Gutowska K, Kurpios-Piec D, et al.

Journal of clinical medicine 2022; (11(17)) doi:10.3390/jcm11175005.

Dysthyroid optic neuropathy: Demographics, risk factors, investigations, and management outcomes.

Poonam NS, Alam MS, Oberoi P, Mukherjee B

Indian journal of ophthalmology 2022; (70(12)):4419-4426 doi:10.4103/ijo.IJO_719_22.

Role of teprotumumab in the treatment of active moderate-to-severe Graves' orbitopathy.

Bartalena L

European thyroid journal 2022; (11(6)).

Management of thyroid eye disease: a Consensus Statement by the American Thyroid Association and the European Thyroid Association.

Burch HB, Perros P, Bednarczuk T, et al.

European thyroid journal 2022; (11(6)).

Machine learning-assisted system using digital facial images to predict the clinical activity score in thyroid-associated orbitopathy.

Moon JH, Shin K, Lee GM, et al.

Scientific reports 2022; (12(1)):22085 doi:10.1038/s41598-022-25887-8.

Thyroid Eye Disease.

Rashad R, Pinto R, Li E, et al.

Life (Basel, Switzerland) 2022; (12(12)) doi:10.3390/life12122084.

Evaluation of Depression and Anxiety in a Diverse Population With Thyroid Eye Disease Using the Nationwide NIH All of Us Database.

Lee TC, Radha-Saseendrakumar B, Delavar A, et al.

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2023; (39(3)):281-287 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000002318.

Graves' Eye Disease: Clinical and Radiological Diagnosis.

Hutchings KR, Fritzhand SJ, Esmaeli B, et al.

Biomedicines 2023; (11(2)) doi:10.3390/biomedicines11020312.

Prospective Assessment of Otologic Adverse Events due to Teprotumumab: Preliminary Results.

Kay-Rivest E, Belinsky I, Kozlova A, et al.

Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2023; (168(5)):1164-1169 doi:10.1002/ohn.174.

Ocular Surface Changes in Treatment-Naive Thyroid Eye Disease.

Liao X, Lai KKH, Aljufairi FMAA, et al.

Journal of clinical medicine 2023; (12(9)) doi:10.3390/jcm12093066.

[Complications of transnasal endoscopic orbital decompression in thyroid eye disease].

Grusha YO, Kochetkov PA, Danilov SS, et al.

Vestnik oftalmologii 2023; (139(3)):63-68 doi:10.17116/oftalma202313903163.

The effect of previous orbital decompression on outcomes of rectus muscle recession surgery in patients with thyroid ophthalmopathy.

Hou X, Tu Y, Min X, et al.

Journal francais d'ophtalmologie 2024; (47(1)):103924 doi:10.1016/j.jfo.2023.01.045.

The effect of acromegaly on thyroid disease.

Mo C, Zhong L

Endocrine journal 2023; (70(11)):1051-1060 doi:10.1507/endocrj.EJ23-0356.

Teprotumumab and Orbital Decompression for the Management of Proptosis in Patients With Thyroid Eye Disease.

Hubschman S, Sojitra B, Ghiam S, et al.

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2024; (40(3)):270-275 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000002563.

Current and promising therapies based on the pathogenesis of Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Zhang X, Zhao Q, Li B

Frontiers in pharmacology 2023; (14()):1217253 doi:10.3389/fphar.2023.1217253.

Dysthyroid Optic Neuropathy.

Potvin ARGG, Pakdel F, Saeed P

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2023; (39(6S)):S65-S80 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000002555.

Orbital Decompression: Conceptual Approach for Orbital Volume Expansion.

Goldberg RA, Gout T

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2023; (39(6S)):S105-S111 doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000002556.

Surgical Outcomes of Standardized Endoscopical Deep Medial Orbital Decompression in Dysthyroid Optic Neuropathy.

Li C, Gao Y, Zhang Z, et al.

Ophthalmic research 2024; (67(1)):39-50 doi:10.1159/000535330.

The Role of Thermal Camera in the Assessment of Thyroid Eye Disease Activity.

Prpic A, Kasumovic A, Guarro IG, et al.

Acta informatica medica : AIM : journal of the Society for Medical Informatics of Bosnia & Herzegovina : casopis Drustva za medicinsku informatiku BiH 2023; (31(4)):260-264 doi:10.5455/aim.2023.31.260-264.

Tocilizumab use for optic nerve compression in thyroid eye disease: a prospective longitudinal cohort.

Habroosh FA, Albrashdi SS, Alsaadi AH, Eatamadi H

International ophthalmology 2024; (44(1)):222 doi:10.1007/s10792-024-03143-4.

A Review of Novel Medical Treatments for Thyroid Eye Disease.

Park JW, Yoon JS

Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO 2024; (38(3)):249-259 doi:10.3341/kjo.2024.0031.

Plasma exosomes from patients with active thyroid-associated orbitopathy induce inflammation and fibrosis in orbital fibroblasts.

Wei L, Huang Q, Tu Y, et al.

Journal of translational medicine 2024; (22(1)):546 doi:10.1186/s12967-024-05263-y.

Systematic review of ocular surface treatments in the setting of thyroid eye disease.

Wong AS, Chelnis JG

Frontiers in ophthalmology 2024; (4()):1352355 doi:10.3389/fopht.2024.1352355.

Thyroid Eye Disease: Advancements in Orbital and Ocular Pathology Management.

Scarabosio A, Surico PL, Singh RB, et al.

Journal of personalized medicine 2024; (14(7)) doi:10.3390/jpm14070776.

Quality of life in patients with Graves' orbitopathy submitted to orbital decompression: comparison between balanced and inferomedial techniques.

Leite CA, Pereira TS, Chiang J, et al.

Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia 2024; (87(5)):e20230296 doi:10.5935/0004-2749.2023-0296.

Role of Lysyl Oxidase-Like Protein 3 in the Pathogenesis of Graves' Orbitopathy in Orbital Fibroblasts.

Park SH, Choi SH, Park HY, et al.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 2024; (65(13)):33 doi:10.1167/iovs.65.13.33.

Risk of audiologic side effects with teprotumumab treatment for thyroid eye disease: propensity matched analysis.

Markle JC, Johanis A, Shaia JK, et al.

Eye (London, England) 2025; (39(6)):1107-1114 doi:10.1038/s41433-024-03531-1.

Efficacy and Safety of Teprotumumab in Thyroid Eye Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Huang W, Ou X, Lin S, et al.

Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists 2025; (31(5)):640-649 doi:10.1016/j.eprac.2025.01.012.

S-phase kinase-associated protein 1 inhibits orbital fibroblasts adipogenesis to improve thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO).

Lu S, Xiong W, Yi J, et al.

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research 2025; (1872(5)):119937 doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2025.119937.

Teprotumumab Improves Quality of Life in Thyroid Eye Disease: Meta-analysis and Matching-adjusted Indirect Comparison.

Kahaly GJ, Xi A, Barretto N, et al.

Journal of the Endocrine Society 2025; (9(6)):bvaf063 doi:10.1210/jendso/bvaf063.

Thyroid eye disease (Graves' orbitopathy): clinical presentation, epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management.

Wiersinga WM, Eckstein AK, Žarković M

The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology 2025; (13(7)):600-614 doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(25)00066-X.

Quantification of Conjunctival Dendritiform Cells under In Vivo Confocal Microscopy for Clinical Activity Evaluation in Thyroid Eye Disease.

Cai J, Zheng T, Ng TK, et al.

Current eye research 2025; (50(10)):1003-1009 doi:10.1080/02713683.2025.2521865.

Teprotumumab for treating active thyroid eye disease: A meta-analysis.

Cong X, Pei L, Hu H

Medicine 2025; (104(26)):e42966 doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000042966.

Efficacy and safety of various Intravenous Methylprednisolone regimens in Moderate to Severe Thyroid Eye Disease: A systematic review.

Aishwarya A, Shrivastava D, Singh AK, Agrawal R

Indian journal of ophthalmology 2025; (73(8)):1100-1107 doi:10.4103/IJO.IJO_1808_24.

Emerging therapeutic approaches in graves' ophthalmopathy: an update on pharmacological interventions.

Wang L, Chen L

Frontiers in immunology 2025; (16()):1647602 doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1647602.

Advancing the Therapeutic Frontier in Thyroid Eye Disease.

Mohammadi SO, Ray C

TouchREVIEWS in endocrinology 2025; (21(2)):12-14 doi:10.17925/EE.2025.21.2.2.

Analysis of colour defects and microvascular abnormalities in dysthyroid optic neuropathy using optical coherence tomography angiography.

Liang J, Fan S, Zhou C, et al.

Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy 2025; (56()):105287 doi:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105287.

Clinical profiles of thyroid eye disease with and without strabismus: a comparative study.

Khorrami-Nejad M, Akbari MR, Azizi E, et al.

International journal of ophthalmology 2025; (18(12)):2366-2371 doi:10.18240/ijo.2025.12.19.

Interleukin-27 is a multitarget regulator of fibroblast remodeling in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.

Zhang P, Wang X, Lu N, et al.

iScience 2025; (28(12)):113982 doi:10.1016/j.isci.2025.113982.

Assessment of disease activity in Graves' orbitopathy.

Potvin ARGG, Lacraru IC, Bisschop PH, et al.

Frontiers in ophthalmology 2025; (5()):1697892 doi:10.3389/fopht.2025.1697892.

Euthyroid Graves' Ophthalmopathy With Negative Antibodies (EGONA): A Comprehensive Case-Based Review.

Bonny M, Wehbe M, Zaydan R, et al.

Cureus 2025; (17(12)):e100152 doi:10.7759/cureus.100152.

The therapeutic revolution in thyroid eye disease: from orbital radiotherapy to teprotumumab and AI.

Yuan X, Li H, Wang F

Frontiers in medicine 2026; (13()):1758015 doi:10.3389/fmed.2026.1758015.

Updates on Treatment in Thyroid Eye Disease for the Neurologist.

Alryalat SA, Alasheh A, Salim QA, Yaaqba N

Neurologic clinics 2026; (44(2)):321-335 doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2025.12.002.

Dual TSHR/IGF-1Rα electroporation induces progressive orbital remodeling and retinochoroidal alterations in a murine model of thyroid eye disease.

Lv P, Ma Z, Liu K, et al.

Experimental eye research 2026; (269()):111063 doi:10.1016/j.exer.2026.111063.

Quality of life and psychosocial well-being in thyroid eye disease in Japan: pre-teprotumumab national survey.

Emoto S, Bushita Y, Nagase T, et al.

Journal of the Endocrine Society 2026; (10(7)):bvag069 doi:10.1210/jendso/bvag069.