Research & Literature

Localized insulin amyloidosis with use of concentrated insulin: a potential complication.

Mangla A, Kim GJ, Agarwal N, et al.

Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association 2016; (33(12)):e32-e35 doi:10.1111/dme.13137.

Type B insulin resistance syndrome with Scleroderma successfully treated with multiple immune suppressants after eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection: a case report.

Yang GQ, Li YJ, Dou JT, et al.

BMC endocrine disorders 2016; (16(1)):20 doi:10.1186/s12902-016-0099-5.

Type B insulin resistance syndrome.

Willard DL, Stevenson M, Steenkamp D

Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity 2016; (23(4)):318-23 doi:10.1097/MED.0000000000000263.

Diabetic Ketoacidosis Without Diabetes.

Willard D, Upadhyay J, Kim C, Steenkamp D

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2016; (101(11)):3870-3873 doi:10.1210/jc.2016-2146.

Adiponectin, a Therapeutic Target for Obesity, Diabetes, and Endothelial Dysfunction.

Achari AE, Jain SK

International journal of molecular sciences 2017; (18(6)) doi:10.3390/ijms18061321.

Antibody-Mediated Extreme Insulin Resistance: A Report of Three Cases.

Kim HN, Fesseha B, Anzaldi L, et al.

The American journal of medicine 2018; (131(1)):102-106 doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2017.08.004.

Rituximab for the treatment of type B insulin resistance syndrome: a case report and review of the literature.

Iseri K, Iyoda M, Shikida Y, et al.

Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association 2017; (34(12)):1788-1791 doi:10.1111/dme.13524.

Saibokuto as a Possible Therapy for Type B Insulin Resistance Syndrome: The Disappearance of Anti-insulin Receptor Antibody and a Marked Amelioration of Glycemic Control by Saibokuto Treatment.

Kawasaki F, Anno T, Takai M, et al.

Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2018; (57(16)):2359-2363 doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.0523-17.

Clinical characteristics of adolescent cases with Type A insulin resistance syndrome caused by heterozygous mutations in the β-subunit of the insulin receptor (INSR) gene.

Takasawa K, Tsuji-Hosokawa A, Takishima S, et al.

Journal of diabetes 2019; (11(1)):46-54 doi:10.1111/1753-0407.12797.

Combined Immunosuppressive Therapy Induces Remission in Patients With Severe Type B Insulin Resistance: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Klubo-Gwiezdzinska J, Lange M, Cochran E, et al.

Diabetes care 2018; (41(11)):2353-2360 doi:10.2337/dc18-0884.

Insulin autoimmune syndrome: from diagnosis to clinical management.

Censi S, Mian C, Betterle C

Annals of translational medicine 2018; (6(17)):335 doi:10.21037/atm.2018.07.32.

A case of type B insulin resistance syndrome treated with low-dose glucocorticoids.

Kotani M, Tamura N, Inoue T, Tanaka I

Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports 2019; (2019()).

Type B insulin resistance syndrome associated with connective tissue disease and psoriasis.

Łebkowska A, Krentowska A, Adamska A, et al.

Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports 2020; (2020()).

Case Series of U-500 Insulin Use in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes and Severe Insulin Resistance.

Zamora JM, Kong JM

Canadian journal of diabetes 2021; (45(1)):55-58 doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2020.05.007.

[Type B insulin resistance syndrome].

Sjöholm Å, João Pereira M, Nilsson T, et al.

Lakartidningen 2020; (117()).

Searching for the Culprit: When Diabetic Ketoacidosis Presents With Insulin Autoantibodies.

Garcia-Avila S, Samuel A, Farooqi I, et al.

AACE clinical case reports 2021; (7(2)):158-162 doi:10.1016/j.aace.2020.12.004.

Rare case of type B insulin resistance in association with systemic lupus erythematosus: illustrating diagnostic and management challenges.

Saqib A, Man Y, Ismail R, Kariyawasam D

BMJ case reports 2021; (14(8)) doi:10.1136/bcr-2021-242960.

An African American Male Patient with Rare Type B Insulin Resistance Syndrome.

Jialal I, Devaraj S

Laboratory medicine 2022; (53(2)):215-217 doi:10.1093/labmed/lmab076.

An Explanation for the Adiponectin Paradox.

Kalkman HO

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) 2021; (14(12)) doi:10.3390/ph14121266.

Practical Clinical Applications of Islet Autoantibody Testing in Type 1 Diabetes.

Winter WE, Pittman DL, Jialal I

The journal of applied laboratory medicine 2022; (7(1)):197-205 doi:10.1093/jalm/jfab113.

Hypoglycemia Caused by Exogenous Insulin Antibody Syndrome: A Large Single-Center Case Series From China.

Liu Y, Ping F, Yu J, et al.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2023; (108(3)):713-717 doi:10.1210/clinem/dgac578.

Endogenous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia: case series and literature review.

Zhang C, Zhang H, Huang W

Endocrine 2023; (80(1)):40-46 doi:10.1007/s12020-022-03268-5.

A 4-month-old female infant with breast development and virilisation.

Journal of paediatrics and child health 2023; (59(3)):593 doi:10.1111/jpc.1_15994.

Systematic Review-Type B Insulin Resistance With Isolated Hypoglycemia and Suppressed Insulin.

Brown N, Elston MS

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2024; (109(4)):936-943 doi:10.1210/clinem/dgad467.

Type B Insulin Resistance Syndrome: A Rare Cause of Hypoglycemia.

Bhat SZ, Lim S, Sidhaye A, Hamrahian AH

JCEM case reports 2023; (1(5)):luad104 doi:10.1210/jcemcr/luad104.

A case of systemic lupus erythematosus in a patient with Noonan syndrome with recurrent severe hypoglycaemia.

Masuoka S, Tanaka T, Kanaji M, et al.

Modern rheumatology case reports 2024; (8(2)):280-285 doi:10.1093/mrcr/rxae004.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus Nephritis Presenting as Severe Constitutional Symptoms.

La T, Ansari S, Ha E, Novakovic M

Cureus 2024; (16(3)):e56670 doi:10.7759/cureus.56670.

A New Heterozygous Variant of c.1225_1227delTTC (p.Phe409del) in Insulin Receptor Gene Associated with Severe Insulin Resistance and Hyperandrogenemia in an Adolescent Female with Type A Severe Insulin Resistance Syndrome.

Song Y, Lei W, Huang Q, et al.

Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy 2024; (17()):4389-4396 doi:10.2147/DMSO.S481745.

Risk factors of lower urinary tract symptoms measured by the International Consultation on Incontinence Modular Questionnaire in females with lupus cystitis: A case-control study.

Faddan AA, Gadelkareem RA, Hassanien M, et al.

Current urology 2025; (19(4)):269-273 doi:10.1097/CU9.0000000000000276.

Long-term remission of type B insulin resistance syndrome with immunotherapy: A case report.

Egawa E, Karasawa R, Kageyama Y, Takaya K

Journal of diabetes investigation 2026; (17(3)):542-545 doi:10.1111/jdi.70225.

A pitfall in diagnosing type B insulin resistance syndrome: Suspected antibody interference in a patient with insulin allergy.

Manda S, Miya A, Nakamura A, et al.

Journal of diabetes investigation 2026; (17(3)):546-548 doi:10.1111/jdi.70235.

Early Remission of Type B Insulin Resistance Syndrome Achieved by Glucocorticoid-based Immunosuppressive Therapy and Visualized by Intermittently Scanned Continuous Glucose Monitoring.

Matsumura-Tojima Y, Sugita T, Tanizaki Y, et al.

Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2026; doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.7357-26.

Type B insulin resistance syndrome coexisting with aplastic anemia responsive to early immunosuppressive therapy.

Fujisawa T, Takami K, Horikawa M, et al.

JCEM case reports 2026; (4(8)):luag181 doi:10.1210/jcemcr/luag181.

Management of a patient with severe insulin resistance.

Arulanandam B, Garfield N

JCEM case reports 2026; (4(8)):luag200 doi:10.1210/jcemcr/luag200.