Research & Literature

Clinical and imaging features of mixed Alzheimer and vascular pathologies.

Chui HC, Ramirez-Gomez L

Alzheimer's research & therapy 2015; (7(1)):21 doi:10.1186/s13195-015-0104-7.

A comparison between the MoCA and the MMSE visuoexecutive sub-tests in detecting abnormalities in TIA/stroke patients.

Mai LM, Sposato LA, Rothwell PM, et al.

International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society 2016; (11(4)):420-4 doi:10.1177/1747493016632238.

Efficacy of Cholinesterase Inhibitors in Vascular Dementia: An Updated Meta-Analysis.

Chen YD, Zhang J, Wang Y, et al.

European neurology 2016; (75(3-4)):132-41 doi:10.1159/000444253.

CSF Aβ42/Aβ40 and Aβ42/Aβ38 ratios: better diagnostic markers of Alzheimer disease.

Janelidze S, Zetterberg H, Mattsson N, et al.

Annals of clinical and translational neurology 2016; (3(3)):154-65 doi:10.1002/acn3.274.

Vascular Cognitive Impairment.

Smith E

Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.) 2016; (22(2 Dementia)):490-509 doi:10.1212/CON.0000000000000304.

Predictors of long-term care placement in persons with dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Cepoiu-Martin M, Tam-Tham H, Patten S, et al.

International journal of geriatric psychiatry 2016; (31(11)):1151-1171 doi:10.1002/gps.4449.

Brief Screening of Vascular Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Cerebral Autosomal-Dominant Arteriopathy With Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy Without Dementia.

Brookes RL, Hollocks MJ, Tan RY, et al.

Stroke 2016; (47(10)):2482-7 doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.013761.

Neuroimaging in vascular cognitive impairment: a state-of-the-art review.

Heiss WD, Rosenberg GA, Thiel A, et al.

BMC medicine 2016; (14(1)):174 doi:10.1186/s12916-016-0725-0.

BE-FAST (Balance, Eyes, Face, Arm, Speech, Time): Reducing the Proportion of Strokes Missed Using the FAST Mnemonic.

Aroor S, Singh R, Goldstein LB

Stroke 2017; (48(2)):479-481 doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.015169.

Translational models for vascular cognitive impairment: a review including larger species.

Hainsworth AH, Allan SM, Boltze J, et al.

BMC medicine 2017; (15(1)):16 doi:10.1186/s12916-017-0793-9.

Vascular Cognitive Impairment.

Dichgans M, Leys D

Circulation research 2017; (120(3)):573-591 doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.308426.

Clinical presentations and epidemiology of vascular dementia.

Smith EE

Clinical science (London, England : 1979) 2017; (131(11)):1059-1068 doi:10.1042/CS20160607.

Variance in caregiver burden predicted by patient behaviors versus neuropsychological profile.

Branger C, Enright J, O'Connell ME, Morgan DG

Applied neuropsychology. Adult 2018; (25(5)):441-447 doi:10.1080/23279095.2017.1323754.

Hypercholesterolaemia and vascular dementia.

Appleton JP, Scutt P, Sprigg N, Bath PM

Clinical science (London, England : 1979) 2017; (131(14)):1561-1578 doi:10.1042/CS20160382.

Pharmacotherapy for Vascular Cognitive Impairment.

Farooq MU, Min J, Goshgarian C, Gorelick PB

CNS drugs 2017; (31(9)):759-776 doi:10.1007/s40263-017-0459-3.

Binswanger's disease: biomarkers in the inflammatory form of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia.

Rosenberg GA

Journal of neurochemistry 2018; (144(5)):634-643 doi:10.1111/jnc.14218.

White matter degeneration in vascular and other ageing-related dementias.

Hase Y, Horsburgh K, Ihara M, Kalaria RN

Journal of neurochemistry 2018; (144(5)):617-633 doi:10.1111/jnc.14271.

Neuropsychiatric symptoms in Vascular Cognitive Impairment: a systematic review.

Tiel C, Sudo FK, Alves GS, et al.

Dementia & neuropsychologia 2015; (9(3)):230-236 doi:10.1590/1980-57642015DN93000004.

Vascular cognitive impairment.

van der Flier WM, Skoog I, Schneider JA, et al.

Nature reviews. Disease primers 2018; (4()):18003 doi:10.1038/nrdp.2018.3.

Progressively Disrupted Brain Functional Connectivity Network in Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Cognitive Impairment Patients.

Sang L, Chen L, Wang L, et al.

Frontiers in neurology 2018; (9()):94 doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00094.

Using dolls for therapeutic purposes: A study on nursing home residents with severe dementia.

Cantarella A, Borella E, Faggian S, et al.

International journal of geriatric psychiatry 2018; (33(7)):915-925 doi:10.1002/gps.4872.

Identifying preclinical vascular dementia in symptomatic small vessel disease using MRI.

Lambert C, Zeestraten E, Williams O, et al.

NeuroImage. Clinical 2018; (19()):925-938 doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2018.06.023.

Specific Cognitive-Psychopathological Phenotypes in Patients With Early Stages of Subcortical Vascular Neurocognitive Disorders: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study.

Levada OA, Troyan AS, Cherednichenko NV

Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology 2018; (31(5)):256-264 doi:10.1177/0891988718790418.

Comparative efficacy and safety of cognitive enhancers for treating vascular cognitive impairment: systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Jin BR, Liu HY

Neural regeneration research 2019; (14(5)):805-816 doi:10.4103/1673-5374.249228.

Targets for improving dispatcher identification of acute stroke.

Mattila OS, Puolakka T, Ritvonen J, et al.

International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society 2019; (14(4)):409-416 doi:10.1177/1747493019830315.

Parkinson's Disease Dementia and Lewy Body Disease.

Sezgin M, Bilgic B, Tinaz S, Emre M

Seminars in neurology 2019; (39(2)):274-282 doi:10.1055/s-0039-1678579.

Cognitive screening instruments to identify vascular cognitive impairment: A systematic review.

Ghafar MZAA, Miptah HN, O'Caoimh R

International journal of geriatric psychiatry 2019; (34(8)):1114-1127 doi:10.1002/gps.5136.

Impact of Cognitive, Functional, Behavioral Disorders, and Caregiver Burden on the Risk of Nursing Home Placement.

Dufournet M, Dauphinot V, Moutet C, et al.

Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 2019; (20(10)):1254-1262 doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2019.03.027.

Is frontal gait a myth in normal pressure hydrocephalus?

Morel E, Armand S, Assal F, Allali G

Journal of the neurological sciences 2019; (402()):175-179 doi:10.1016/j.jns.2019.05.029.

Using The Apriori Algorithm To Classify The Care Needs Of Patients With Different Types Of Dementia.

Jhang KM, Chang MC, Lo TY, et al.

Patient preference and adherence 2019; (13()):1899-1912 doi:10.2147/PPA.S223816.

Characteristic Biomarker and Cognitive Profile in Incipient Mixed Dementia.

Eckerström C, Eckerström M, Göthlin M, et al.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 2020; (73(2)):597-607 doi:10.3233/JAD-190651.

The Use of Antipsychotic Drugs for Treating Behavioral Symptoms in Alzheimer's Disease.

Calsolaro V, Antognoli R, Okoye C, Monzani F

Frontiers in pharmacology 2019; (10()):1465 doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.01465.

Neuroimaging in Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: A Systematic Review.

Frantellizzi V, Pani A, Ricci M, et al.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 2020; (73(4)):1279-1294 doi:10.3233/JAD-191046.

Considerations and Current Trends in the Management of the Geriatric Patient on a Consultation-Liaison Service.

Glass OM, Hermida AP, Hershenberg R, Schwartz AC

Current psychiatry reports 2020; (22(5)):21 doi:10.1007/s11920-020-01147-2.

Accuracy of Biomarker Testing for Neuropathologically Defined Alzheimer Disease in Older Adults With Dementia.

Fink HA, Linskens EJ, Silverman PC, et al.

Annals of internal medicine 2020; (172(10)):669-677 doi:10.7326/M19-3888.

Function-based dementia severity assessment for vascular cognitive impairment.

Hung CH, Hung GU, Wei CY, et al.

Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi 2021; (120(1 Pt 2)):533-541 doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2020.07.001.

Prediction of poor clinical outcome in vascular cognitive impairment: TRACE-VCI study.

Boomsma JMF, Exalto LG, Barkhof F, et al.

Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 2020; (12(1)):e12077 doi:10.1002/dad2.12077.

Attention and Functional Connectivity Among Patients With Early-Stage Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Disease and Alzheimer's Disease.

Tu MC, Hsu YH, Yang JJ, et al.

Frontiers in aging neuroscience 2020; (12()):239 doi:10.3389/fnagi.2020.00239.

Canadian Consensus Conference on Diagnosis and Treatment of Dementia (CCCDTD)5: Guidelines for management of vascular cognitive impairment.

Smith EE, Barber P, Field TS, et al.

Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.) 2020; (6(1)):e12056 doi:10.1002/trc2.12056.

A practical approach to the management of cerebral amyloid angiopathy.

Kozberg MG, Perosa V, Gurol ME, van Veluw SJ

International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society 2021; (16(4)):356-369 doi:10.1177/1747493020974464.

Cerebral small vessel disease and vascular cognitive impairment: from diagnosis to management.

Zanon Zotin MC, Sveikata L, Viswanathan A, Yilmaz P

Current opinion in neurology 2021; (34(2)):246-257 doi:10.1097/WCO.0000000000000913.

Cholinesterase inhibitors for vascular dementia and other vascular cognitive impairments: a network meta-analysis.

Battle CE, Abdul-Rahim AH, Shenkin SD, et al.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2021; (2()):CD013306 doi:10.1002/14651858.CD013306.pub2.

Emerging Concepts in Vascular Dementia: A Review.

Bir SC, Khan MW, Javalkar V, et al.

Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association 2021; (30(8)):105864 doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105864.

Behavioral variations among vascular cognitive impairment subtypes - A comparative study.

Bhat A, Biswas A, Das G, et al.

Applied neuropsychology. Adult 2023; (30(4)):439-446 doi:10.1080/23279095.2021.1954002.

ESO Guideline on covert cerebral small vessel disease.

Wardlaw JM, Debette S, Jokinen H, et al.

European stroke journal 2021; (6(2)):CXI-CLXII doi:10.1177/23969873211012132.

The pericyte: A critical cell in the pathogenesis of CADASIL.

Ruchoux MM, Kalaria RN, Román GC

Cerebral circulation - cognition and behavior 2021; (2()):100031 doi:10.1016/j.cccb.2021.100031.

Neuropsychiatric Symptoms as Predictor of Poor Clinical Outcome in Patients With Vascular Cognitive Impairment.

Sep YCP, Leeuwis AE, Exalto LG, et al.

The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry 2022; (30(7)):813-824 doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2021.12.014.

Pathophysiology of blood brain barrier dysfunction during chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in vascular cognitive impairment.

Rajeev V, Fann DY, Dinh QN, et al.

Theranostics 2022; (12(4)):1639-1658 doi:10.7150/thno.68304.

Predictors of nursing home placement at 2 years in Alzheimer's disease: A follow-up survey from the THERAD study.

Villars H, Gardette V, Frayssignes P, et al.

International journal of geriatric psychiatry 2022; (37(6)) doi:10.1002/gps.5724.

Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia.

Chang Wong E, Chang Chui H

Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.) 2022; (28(3)):750-780 doi:10.1212/CON.0000000000001124.

Recent advances in the management of transient ischemic attacks.

Ortiz-Garcia J, Gomez CR, Schneck MJ, Biller J

Faculty reviews 2022; (11()):19 doi:10.12703/r/11-19.

Antiplatelets and Vascular Dementia: A Systematic Review.

Alexander P, Visagan S, Jawhar S, et al.

Journal of aging research 2022; (2022()):9780067 doi:10.1155/2022/9780067.

[Vascular cognitive impairment].

Bogolepova AN

Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova 2022; (122(10)):17-23 doi:10.17116/jnevro202212210117.

Strategic white matter hyperintensity locations for cognitive impairment: A multicenter lesion-symptom mapping study in 3525 memory clinic patients.

Coenen M, Kuijf HJ, Huenges Wajer IMC, et al.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2023; (19(6)):2420-2432 doi:10.1002/alz.12827.

A brief overview of a mouse model of cerebral hypoperfusion by bilateral carotid artery stenosis.

Ishikawa H, Shindo A, Mizutani A, et al.

Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 2023; (43(2_suppl)):18-36 doi:10.1177/0271678X231154597.

Diagnostic Biomarkers of Amyloid and Tau Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease: An Overview of Tests for Clinical Practice in the United States and Europe.

Iaccarino L, Burnham SC, Dell'Agnello G, et al.

The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease 2023; (10(3)):426-442 doi:10.14283/jpad.2023.43.

Pathophysiology and probable etiology of cerebral small vessel disease in vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease.

Inoue Y, Shue F, Bu G, Kanekiyo T

Molecular neurodegeneration 2023; (18(1)):46 doi:10.1186/s13024-023-00640-5.

Molecular biomarkers for vascular cognitive impairment and dementia.

Hosoki S, Hansra GK, Jayasena T, et al.

Nature reviews. Neurology 2023; (19(12)):737-753 doi:10.1038/s41582-023-00884-1.

Vascular cognitive impairment: When memory loss is not the biggest challenge.

van de Schraaf SA, Smit MF, Muller M, et al.

Dementia (London, England) 2024; (23(1)):152-171 doi:10.1177/14713012231214299.

Dementia Prevention and Treatment: A Narrative Review.

Reuben DB, Kremen S, Maust DT

JAMA internal medicine 2024; (184(5)):563-572 doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.8522.

Small-vessel disease in the brain.

Singh A, Bonnell G, De Prey J, et al.

American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice 2023; (27()):100277 doi:10.1016/j.ahjo.2023.100277.

Strategic white matter hyperintensity locations associated with post-stroke cognitive impairment: A multicenter study in 1568 stroke patients.

Coenen M, de Kort FA, Weaver NA, et al.

International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society 2024; (19(8)):916-924 doi:10.1177/17474930241252530.

Revised criteria for diagnosis and staging of Alzheimer's disease: Alzheimer's Association Workgroup.

Jack CR, Andrews JS, Beach TG, et al.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2024; (20(8)):5143-5169 doi:10.1002/alz.13859.

Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia: Mechanisms, treatment, and future directions.

Mok VCT, Cai Y, Markus HS

International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society 2024; (19(8)):838-856 doi:10.1177/17474930241279888.

Cognitive impairment mediates the white matter injury load and gait disorders in subcortical ischemic vascular disease.

Feng M, Song Z, Zhou Z, et al.

Brain imaging and behavior 2024; (18(6)):1418-1427 doi:10.1007/s11682-024-00941-3.

Effects of exercise on patients with vascular cognitive impairment based on ACSM recommendations: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Ye Y, Wu K, Xu F, et al.

Journal of neurology 2024; (272(1)):31 doi:10.1007/s00415-024-12830-2.

Updated imaging markers in cerebral amyloid angiopathy: What radiologists need to know.

Tanaka F, Maeda M, Kishi S, et al.

Japanese journal of radiology 2025; (43(5)):736-751 doi:10.1007/s11604-024-01720-2.

Canadian Stroke Best Practice Recommendations: Vascular cognitive impairment, 7th edition practice guidelines update, 2024.

Swartz RH, Longman RS, Lindsay MP, et al.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2025; (21(1)):e14324 doi:10.1002/alz.14324.

Considerations in the clinical use of amyloid PET and CSF biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease.

Leuzy A, Bollack A, Pellegrino D, et al.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2025; (21(3)):e14528 doi:10.1002/alz.14528.

What do Professionals Think of Specific Care Recommendations for Vascular Cognitive Impairment? A Delphi Study With Health Care Professionals.

van de Schraaf SAJ, Rhodius-Meester HFM, Muller M, et al.

Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 2025; (26(5)):105546 doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2025.105546.

Clinical Features and Diagnosis of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.

Moghekar AR

Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.) 2025; (31(3)):790-812 doi:10.1212/CON.0000000000001576.

Reliability and validity of the total cerebral small vessel disease score: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Silva GD, Telles JPM, Rimkus CM, et al.

Frontiers in neurology 2025; (16()):1593402 doi:10.3389/fneur.2025.1593402.

BE-FAST vs FAST in prehospital stroke recognition: a systematic review.

Hilditch M, Brand C, Devlin S, et al.

British journal of community nursing 2025; (30(9)):439-447 doi:10.12968/bjcn.2025.0119.

Neuropathology of Lewy body dementia: Lewy-related pathology, α-synuclein oligomers, and comorbid pathologies.

Sekiya H, Matsubara T, DeTure MA, Dickson DW

Molecular neurodegeneration 2025; (20(1)):117 doi:10.1186/s13024-025-00900-6.

Pathophysiological Divergence Between Vascular and Post-Stroke Dementia: Bridging Human and Experimental Perspectives.

Ahn JH, Shin MC, Kim DW, et al.

Journal of integrative neuroscience 2025; (24(10)):45565 doi:10.31083/JIN45565.

The moderated mediation effect of caregiving stress and social support in the relationship between behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia and caregiver burden in Oman: a cross-sectional study.

Al Ghammari A, Guo M, Al Sinawi H, et al.

BMC geriatrics 2025; (26(1)):21 doi:10.1186/s12877-025-06677-z.

Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: Clinical Features, Neuropathology, and Biomarkers.

Sachdev PS, Bentvelzen AC, Gustafson D, et al.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2026; (87(1)):52-76 doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2025.11.008.

Current and Emerging Therapeutic Approaches for Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia.

Goodall LS, Lennon MJ, Sachdev PS, et al.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2026; (87(1)):77-100 doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2025.09.1502.

Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Scale: Strengths, Limitations, and Implication for Clinical Practice.

Hadinezhad P, Noroozian M

Iranian journal of psychiatry 2026; (21(1)):140-150 doi:10.18502/ijps.v21i1.20571.

Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Brain Health: Clinical Update and Mechanistic Considerations: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.

Sorond FA, Gorelick PB, Bae HJ, et al.

Stroke 2026; (57(7)):e254-e270 doi:10.1161/STR.0000000000000524.

Animal models of multi-infarct dementia: Methodological approaches, neuropathology, functional outcomes, and translational relevance.

Liu Z, Zhang ZG, Chopp M

Experimental neurology 2026; (404()):115870 doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2026.115870.

Diagnostic utility of Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III in differentiating Alzheimer's disease dementia, vascular dementia, and mixed dementia.

Barczak A

Postepy psychiatrii neurologii 2026; (35(2)):85-93 doi:10.5114/ppn.2026.161371.