Research & Literature

Hypergastrinemia.

Dacha S, Razvi M, Massaad J, et al.

Gastroenterology report 2015; (3(3)):201-8 doi:10.1093/gastro/gov004.

Determinants of surgical resection for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

Doi R

Journal of hepato-biliary-pancreatic sciences 2015; (22(8)):610-7 doi:10.1002/jhbp.224.

Weight Gain in Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome After Acid Suppression.

Riff BP, Leiman DA, Bennett B, et al.

Pancreas 2016; (45(2)):193-7 doi:10.1097/MPA.0000000000000376.

Diagnostic and Treatment Approaches for Refractory Peptic Ulcers.

Kim HU

Clinical endoscopy 2015; (48(4)):285-90 doi:10.5946/ce.2015.48.4.285.

Gastric Hypersecretory States: Investigation and Management.

Phan J, Benhammou JN, Pisegna JR

Current treatment options in gastroenterology 2015; (13(4)):386-97 doi:10.1007/s11938-015-0065-8.

Impact of Delay in Diagnosis in Outcomes in MEN1: Results From the Dutch MEN1 Study Group.

van Leeuwaarde RS, van Nesselrooij BP, Hermus AR, et al.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2016; (101(3)):1159-65 doi:10.1210/jc.2015-3766.

[Management of gastrinoma].

Hain E, Coriat R, Dousset B, Gaujoux S

Presse medicale (Paris, France : 1983) 2016; (45(11)):986-991 doi:10.1016/j.lpm.2016.04.012.

Common single nucleotide polymorphisms in transient receptor potential melastatin type 6 increase the risk for proton pump inhibitor-induced hypomagnesemia: a case-control study.

Hess MW, de Baaij JH, Broekman MM, et al.

Pharmacogenetics and genomics 2017; (27(3)):83-88 doi:10.1097/FPC.0000000000000259.

Assessing for Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 in Patients Evaluated for Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome-Clues to a Safer Diagnostic Process.

Singh Ospina N, Donegan D, Rodriguez-Gutierrez R, et al.

The American journal of medicine 2017; (130(5)):603-605 doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.11.035.

The Impact of Somatostatin Receptor-Directed PET/CT on the Management of Patients with Neuroendocrine Tumor: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Barrio M, Czernin J, Fanti S, et al.

Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine 2017; (58(5)):756-761 doi:10.2967/jnumed.116.185587.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 1: institution, management, and data analysis of a nationwide multicenter patient database.

Giusti F, Cianferotti L, Boaretto F, et al.

Endocrine 2017; (58(2)):349-359 doi:10.1007/s12020-017-1234-4.

PROGNOSTIC FACTORS FOR SURVIVAL OF MEN1 PATIENTS WITH DUODENOPANCREATIC TUMORS METASTATIC TO THE LIVER: RESULTS FROM THE DMSG.

Conemans EB, Nell S, Pieterman CRC, et al.

Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists 2017; (23(6)):641-648 doi:10.4158/EP161639.OR.

A case of type 1 multiple endocrine neoplasia with esophageal stricture successfully treated with endoscopic balloon dilation and local steroid injection combined with surgical resection of gastrinomas.

Matsubayashi H, Kawata N, Kakushima N, et al.

BMC gastroenterology 2017; (17(1)):37 doi:10.1186/s12876-017-0597-6.

A Perplexing Case of Abdominal Pain That Led to the Diagnosis of Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome.

Lenhart A, Hassan M, Meighani A, et al.

Case reports in gastrointestinal medicine 2017; (2017()):7636952 doi:10.1155/2017/7636952.

Catching the Zebra: Clinical Pearls and Pitfalls for the Successful Diagnosis of Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome.

Mendelson AH, Donowitz M

Digestive diseases and sciences 2017; (62(9)):2258-2265 doi:10.1007/s10620-017-4695-7.

Gastrin Induces Nuclear Export and Proteasome Degradation of Menin in Enteric Glial Cells.

Sundaresan S, Meininger CA, Kang AJ, et al.

Gastroenterology 2017; (153(6)):1555-1567.e15 doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2017.08.038.

Diagnosis and management of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome in 2018.

De Angelis C, Cortegoso Valdivia P, Venezia L, et al.

Minerva endocrinologica 2018; (43(2)):212-220 doi:10.23736/S0391-1977.17.02745-6.

The Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: is there a role for somatostatin analogues in the treatment of the gastrinoma?

Guarnotta V, Martini C, Davì MV, et al.

Endocrine 2018; (60(1)):15-27 doi:10.1007/s12020-017-1420-4.

Diagnosis of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome in the era of PPIs, faulty gastrin assays, sensitive imaging and limited access to acid secretory testing.

Metz DC, Cadiot G, Poitras P, et al.

International journal of endocrine oncology 2017; (4(4)):167-185 doi:10.2217/ije-2017-0018.

Prospective Evaluation of Results of Reoperation in Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome.

Norton JA, Krampitz GW, Poultsides GA, et al.

Annals of surgery 2018; (267(4)):782-788 doi:10.1097/SLA.0000000000002122.

Prospective evaluation of 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT in limited disease neuroendocrine tumours and/or elevated serum neuroendocrine biomarkers.

Gabriel S, Garrigue P, Dahan L, et al.

Clinical endocrinology 2018; (89(2)):155-163 doi:10.1111/cen.13745.

Intraoperative Decision-Making and Technical Aspects of Parathyroidectomy in Young Patients With MEN1 Related Hyperparathyroidism.

Nobecourt PF, Zagzag J, Asare EA, Perrier ND

Frontiers in endocrinology 2018; (9()):618 doi:10.3389/fendo.2018.00618.

Proton pump inhibitors and risk of hip fracture: a meta-analysis of observational studies.

Poly TN, Islam MM, Yang HC, et al.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA 2019; (30(1)):103-114 doi:10.1007/s00198-018-4788-y.

Symptomatic and Radiological Response to 177Lu-DOTATATE for the Treatment of Functioning Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Zandee WT, Brabander T, Blažević A, et al.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2019; (104(4)):1336-1344 doi:10.1210/jc.2018-01991.

Metastatic Potential and Survival of Duodenal and Pancreatic Tumors in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1: A GTE and AFCE Cohort Study (Groupe d'étude des Tumeurs Endocrines and Association Francophone de Chirurgie Endocrinienne).

Vinault S, Mariet AS, Le Bras M, et al.

Annals of surgery 2020; (272(6)):1094-1101 doi:10.1097/SLA.0000000000003162.

Proton pump inhibitor-induced hypomagnesemia complicated with serious cardiac arrhythmias.

Chrysant SG

Expert review of cardiovascular therapy 2019; (17(5)):345-351 doi:10.1080/14779072.2019.1615446.

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1): An Update and the Significance of Early Genetic and Clinical Diagnosis.

Kamilaris CDC, Stratakis CA

Frontiers in endocrinology 2019; (10()):339 doi:10.3389/fendo.2019.00339.

Prognostic factors and survival in MEN1 patients with gastrinomas: Results from the DutchMEN study group (DMSG).

van Beek DJ, Nell S, Pieterman CRC, et al.

Journal of surgical oncology 2019; (120(6)):966-975 doi:10.1002/jso.25667.

Contemporary surgical management of the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1.

Albers MB, Manoharan J, Bartsch DK

Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism 2019; (33(5)):101318 doi:10.1016/j.beem.2019.101318.

Surgical management of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: Classical considerations and current controversies.

Shao QQ, Zhao BB, Dong LB, et al.

World journal of gastroenterology 2019; (25(32)):4673-4681 doi:10.3748/wjg.v25.i32.4673.

Occurrence of Acute Oesophageal Necrosis (Black Oesophagus) in a Single Tertiary Centre.

Orlando D, Carabotti M, Ruggeri M, et al.

Journal of clinical medicine 2019; (8(10)) doi:10.3390/jcm8101532.

Insights into Effects/Risks of Chronic Hypergastrinemia and Lifelong PPI Treatment in Man Based on Studies of Patients with Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome.

Lee L, Ramos-Alvarez I, Ito T, Jensen RT

International journal of molecular sciences 2019; (20(20)) doi:10.3390/ijms20205128.

Pituitary adenomas in the setting of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: a single-institution experience.

Cohen-Cohen S, Brown DA, Himes BT, et al.

Journal of neurosurgery 2021; (134(3)):1132-1138.

Duodenal perforation as presentation of gastric neuroendocrine tumour: A case report.

Di Buono G, Bonventre G, Badalamenti G, et al.

International journal of surgery case reports 2020; (77S()):S105-S108 doi:10.1016/j.ijscr.2020.09.120.

Surgical Management of Neuroendocrine Tumor Liver Metastases.

Tran CG, Sherman SK, Chandrasekharan C, Howe JR

Surgical oncology clinics of North America 2021; (30(1)):39-55 doi:10.1016/j.soc.2020.08.001.

Total gastrectomy for severe proton pump inhibitor-induced hypomagnesemia in a MEN1/Zollinger Ellison syndrome patient.

Perrier M, Delemer B, Deguelte S, et al.

Pancreatology : official journal of the International Association of Pancreatology (IAP) ... [et al.] 2021; (21(1)):236-239 doi:10.1016/j.pan.2020.12.002.

Acute oesophageal necrosis in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: an undescribed complication.

Bhattacharya S, Blau JE, Koh C

BMJ case reports 2021; (14(1)) doi:10.1136/bcr-2020-238214.

Validity of Secretin Stimulation Testing on Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy for Diagnosis of Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome.

Bhattacharya S, Blau JE, Cochran C, et al.

The American journal of gastroenterology 2021; (116(11)):2216-2221 doi:10.14309/ajg.0000000000001487.

Gastrinoma and Zollinger Ellison syndrome: A roadmap for the management between new and old therapies.

Rossi RE, Elvevi A, Citterio D, et al.

World journal of gastroenterology 2021; (27(35)):5890-5907 doi:10.3748/wjg.v27.i35.5890.

[Comparison of clinical characteristics between sporadic gastrinoma and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1-related gastrinoma].

Guo Y, Chen LH, Liu M, et al.

Zhonghua wei chang wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of gastrointestinal surgery 2021; (24(10)):875-882 doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20210719-00291.

Somatostatin analogs in patients with Zollinger Ellison syndrome (ZES): an observational study.

Massironi S, Cavalcoli F, Elvevi A, et al.

Endocrine 2022; (75(3)):942-948 doi:10.1007/s12020-021-02915-7.

Orchestrating Treatment Modalities in Metastatic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors-Need for a Conductor.

Siebenhüner AR, Langheinrich M, Friemel J, et al.

Cancers 2022; (14(6)) doi:10.3390/cancers14061478.

Management and Long-Term Follow-Up of Hyperparathyroidism in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1: Single Center Experience.

Yavropoulou MP, Vlachou S, Tsoli M, et al.

Journal of clinical medicine 2022; (11(7)) doi:10.3390/jcm11071967.

Gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms: a primer for radiologists.

Roseland ME, Francis IR, Shampain KL, et al.

Abdominal radiology (New York) 2022; (47(12)):3993-4004 doi:10.1007/s00261-022-03509-1.

Pancreaticoduodenectomy Is the Best Surgical Procedure for Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome Associated with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1.

Kong W, Albers MB, Manoharan J, et al.

Cancers 2022; (14(8)) doi:10.3390/cancers14081928.

SAFETY OF LONG-TERM PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS: FACTS AND MYTHS.

Chinzon D, Domingues G, Tosetto N, Perrotti M

Arquivos de gastroenterologia 2022; (59(2)):219-225 doi:10.1590/S0004-2803.202202000-40.

Radiological Features of Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome: A Report of Two Cases.

Pratap T, Jalal MJA, Jacob D, et al.

The Indian journal of radiology & imaging 2022; (32(3)):395-402 doi:10.1055/s-0042-1750725.

Sporadic and MEN1-related gastrinoma and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: differences in clinical characteristics and survival outcomes.

Massironi S, Rossi RE, Laffusa A, et al.

Journal of endocrinological investigation 2023; (46(5)):957-965 doi:10.1007/s40618-022-01961-w.

How to treat gastrinomas in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type1: surgery or long-term proton pump inhibitors?

Imamura M, Komoto I, Taki Y

Surgery today 2023; (53(12)):1325-1334 doi:10.1007/s00595-022-02627-z.

Ga-68 DOTATATE PET/CT in a patient with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

Jayasekera M, Sartin S, Bhargava P

Radiology case reports 2023; (18(3)):1046-1048 doi:10.1016/j.radcr.2022.12.038.

Recurrence after surgical resection of nonmetastatic sporadic gastrinoma: Which prognostic factors and surgical procedure?

Robin L, Sauvanet A, Walter T, et al.

Surgery 2023; (173(5)):1144-1152 doi:10.1016/j.surg.2022.12.030.

Successful Lifetime/Long-Term Medical Treatment of Acid Hypersecretion in Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome (ZES): Myth or Fact? Insights from an Analysis of Results of NIH Long-Term Prospective Studies of ZES.

Ito T, Ramos-Alvarez I, Jensen RT

Cancers 2023; (15(5)) doi:10.3390/cancers15051377.

All you need to know about gastrinoma today | Gastrinoma and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: A thorough update.

Chatzipanagiotou O, Schizas D, Vailas M, et al.

Journal of neuroendocrinology 2023; (35(4)):e13267 doi:10.1111/jne.13267.

Adverse Effects Associated with Long-Term Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors.

Maideen NMP

Chonnam medical journal 2023; (59(2)):115-127 doi:10.4068/cmj.2023.59.2.115.

European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society 2023 guidance paper for functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour syndromes.

Hofland J, Falconi M, Christ E, et al.

Journal of neuroendocrinology 2023; (35(8)):e13318 doi:10.1111/jne.13318.

A Rare Case of Hepatic Gastrinoma.

Zaher EA, Eshan SH, Patel P, et al.

Cureus 2023; (15(8)):e43383 doi:10.7759/cureus.43383.

Gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms.

Lamberti G, Panzuto F, Pavel M, et al.

Nature reviews. Disease primers 2024; (10(1)):25 doi:10.1038/s41572-024-00508-y.

Long-Term Proton Pump Inhibitor-Acid Suppressive Treatment Can Cause Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome (ZES) Patients.

Ito T, Ramos-Alvarez I, Jensen RT

International journal of molecular sciences 2024; (25(13)) doi:10.3390/ijms25137286.

Progress report on multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1.

Halperin R, Tirosh A

Familial cancer 2025; (24(1)):15 doi:10.1007/s10689-025-00440-4.

Case Report: PRRT in a patient with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. The management of gastrointestinal complications.

Di Franco M, Durmo R, Di Paolo ML, et al.

Frontiers in oncology 2025; (15()):1590478 doi:10.3389/fonc.2025.1590478.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1): recommendations and guidelines for best practice.

Brandi ML, Pieterman CRC, English KA, et al.

The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology 2025; (13(8)):699-721 doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(25)00119-6.

Gastrointestinal surveillance in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

Schueler SA, Sharma SLT, Kamal N, et al.

Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology 2025; (60(10)):966-971 doi:10.1080/00365521.2025.2541209.

Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis analysis of gastrinoma based on the SEER database.

Qiu C, Hu C, Lu C, et al.

PloS one 2025; (20(12)):e0337940 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0337940.

Esophageal Perforation in Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome: A Scoping Review of Management and Outcomes.

Fernicola A, Parmeggiani D, Crocetto F, et al.

JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology 2026; (10(1)):e70323 doi:10.1002/jgh3.70323.

Severe Recurrent Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Diagnostic Dilemmas in Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome: A Case Report.

Bragança S, Figueiredo LM, Oliveira AM, et al.

GE Portuguese journal of gastroenterology 2025; doi:10.1159/000550071.

Surgical Management of Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 an AFCE and GTE Cohort Study. (Association Francophone de Chirurgie Endocrinienne and Groupe d'étude des Tumeurs Endocrines).

Gaujoux S, Pattou F, Cadiot G, et al.

World journal of surgery 2026; (50(5)):1300-1311 doi:10.1002/wjs.70303.

[Duodenal neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN): update on endoscopic and surgical management].

Kämmerer D

Chirurgie (Heidelberg, Germany) 2026; (97(9)):714-719 doi:10.1007/s00104-026-02514-0.