Research & Literature

The effect of caffeine citrate on neural breathing pattern in preterm infants.

Parikka V, Beck J, Zhai Q, et al.

Early human development 2015; (91(10)):565-8.

Apnea of prematurity and caffeine pharmacokinetics: potential impact on hospital discharge.

Doyle J, Davidson D, Katz S, et al.

Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association 2016; (36(2)):141-4 doi:10.1038/jp.2015.167.

Apnea of Prematurity.

Eichenwald EC,

Pediatrics 2016; (137(1)) doi:10.1542/peds.2015-3757.

Physiology of non-invasive respiratory support.

Alexiou S, Panitch HB

Seminars in fetal & neonatal medicine 2016; (21(3)):174-80.

Is It Time to Embrace the Caffeine Level?

Kahn DJ, Godin R

Pediatrics 2016; (137(5)).

Academic Performance, Motor Function, and Behavior 11 Years After Neonatal Caffeine Citrate Therapy for Apnea of Prematurity: An 11-Year Follow-up of the CAP Randomized Clinical Trial.

Schmidt B, Roberts RS, Anderson PJ, et al.

JAMA pediatrics 2017; (171(6)):564-572 doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2017.0238.

Neonatal Caffeine Treatment and Respiratory Function at 11 Years in Children under 1,251 g at Birth.

Doyle LW, Ranganathan S, Cheong JLY

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine 2017; (196(10)):1318-1324 doi:10.1164/rccm.201704-0767OC.

Apnea, bradycardia and desaturation spells in premature infants: impact of a protocol for the duration of 'spell-free' observation on interprovider variability and readmission rates.

Chandrasekharan P, Rawat M, Reynolds AM, et al.

Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association 2018; (38(1)):86-91 doi:10.1038/jp.2017.174.

Discharge without alarm(s)!

Silvestri JM, Patra K

Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association 2018; (38(1)):1-2 doi:10.1038/jp.2017.175.

Neurobehavioral Outcomes 11 Years After Neonatal Caffeine Therapy for Apnea of Prematurity.

Mürner-Lavanchy IM, Doyle LW, Schmidt B, et al.

Pediatrics 2018; (141(5)) doi:10.1542/peds.2017-4047.

Mycotic Cerebral Aneurysm in a Premature Infant.

Meadows JT, Hayes D, Moscote-Salazar LR, Calderon-Miranda WG

Journal of pediatric neurosciences 2017; (12(4)):367-370 doi:10.4103/jpn.JPN_94_17.

Sleep and Nocturnal Gastroesophageal Reflux: An Update.

Lim KG, Morgenthaler TI, Katzka DA

Chest 2018; (154(4)):963-971 doi:10.1016/j.chest.2018.05.030.

Antacid therapy for gastroesophageal reflux in preterm infants: a systematic review.

Dermyshi E, Mackie C, Kigozi P, et al.

BMJ paediatrics open 2018; (2(1)):e000287 doi:10.1136/bmjpo-2018-000287.

Caffeine therapy for apnoea of prematurity: Wake up to the fact that sex matters.

McDonald FB, Dempsey EM, O'Halloran KD

Experimental physiology 2018; (103(10)):1294-1295 doi:10.1113/EP087222.

Sleep and prematurity: sleep outcomes in preterm children and influencing factors.

Gogou M, Haidopoulou K, Pavlou E

World journal of pediatrics : WJP 2019; (15(3)):209-218 doi:10.1007/s12519-019-00240-8.

Influence of prevention of caffeine citrate on cytokine profile and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants with apnea.

Kou C, Han D, Li Z, et al.

Minerva pediatrica 2020; (72(2)):95-100 doi:10.23736/S0026-4946.19.05428-8.

Comparison of NIV-NAVA and NCPAP in facilitating extubation for very preterm infants.

Lee BK, Shin SH, Jung YH, et al.

BMC pediatrics 2019; (19(1)):298 doi:10.1186/s12887-019-1683-4.

Electrical activity of the diaphragm following a loading dose of caffeine citrate in ventilated preterm infants.

Williams EE, Hunt KA, Jeyakara J, et al.

Pediatric research 2020; (87(4)):740-744 doi:10.1038/s41390-019-0619-x.

Reducing Variation in the Management of Apnea of Prematurity in the Intensive Care Nursery.

Coughlin K, Posencheg M, Orfe L, et al.

Pediatrics 2020; (145(2)) doi:10.1542/peds.2019-0861.

A case of subcutaneous emphysema/mediastinal emphysema during the use of humidified high-flow nasal cannula.

Sonobe S, Inoue S, Nishiwada T, et al.

JA clinical reports 2019; (5(1)):85 doi:10.1186/s40981-019-0305-3.

Altered local cerebellar and brainstem development in preterm infants.

Wu Y, Stoodley C, Brossard-Racine M, et al.

NeuroImage 2020; (213()):116702 doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116702.

The usefulness of C-reactive protein as a biomarker in predicting neonatal sepsis in a sub-Saharan African region.

Bunduki GK, Adu-Sarkodie Y

BMC research notes 2020; (13(1)):194 doi:10.1186/s13104-020-05033-1.

Preliminary evaluation of the use of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy during recovery from general anesthesia in dogs with obstructive upper airway breathing.

Jagodich TA, Bersenas AME, Bateman SW, Kerr CL

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001) 2020; (30(4)):487-492 doi:10.1111/vec.12971.

Seizures in Pre-term Infants Less than 29 Weeks: Incidence, Etiology, and Response to Treatment.

Raghuveer TS, Zackula RE, Gibson LC, et al.

Kansas journal of medicine 2020; (13()):134-142.

Discharging Preterm Infants Home on Caffeine, a Single Center Experience.

Ma C, Broadbent D, Levin G, et al.

Children (Basel, Switzerland) 2020; (7(9)) doi:10.3390/children7090114.

Intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm babies.

Özek E, Kersin SG

Turk pediatri arsivi 2020; (55(3)):215-221 doi:10.14744/TurkPediatriArs.2020.66742.

A Systematic Review of the Influence of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Fetal and Newborn Animal Models: Suggestions to Improve Neonatal Respiratory Care.

Gie AG, Hubble TR, Regin Y, et al.

Neonatology 2021; (118(1)):5-14 doi:10.1159/000511086.

Cerebral oxygenation monitoring of ex-preterm infants during the infant car seat challenge test.

Farooqui M, Srinivasan G, Ethawi Y, et al.

Paediatrics & child health 2020; (25(5)):16-19 doi:10.1093/pch/pxy176.

Vital sign metrics of VLBW infants in three NICUs: implications for predictive algorithms.

Zimmet AM, Sullivan BA, Fairchild KD, et al.

Pediatric research 2021; (90(1)):125-130 doi:10.1038/s41390-021-01428-3.

Achievement of maturational milestones among very low birth weight infants.

Sullivan BA, Slevin CC, Ahmad SM, et al.

Journal of neonatal-perinatal medicine 2022; (15(1)):155-163 doi:10.3233/NPM-200698.

Serum amyloid A - A prime candidate for identification of neonatal sepsis.

Bengnér J, Quttineh M, Gäddlin PO, et al.

Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) 2021; (229()):108787 doi:10.1016/j.clim.2021.108787.

Continuous versus bolus intermittent intragastric tube feeding for preterm and low birth weight infants with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.

Richards R, Foster JP, Psaila K

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2021; (8()):CD009719 doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009719.pub3.

Stabilizing breathing pattern using local mechanical vibrations: comparison of deterministic and stochastic stimulations in rodent models of apnea of prematurity.

Zeldich D, Bou Jawde S, Herrmann J, et al.

Biomedical engineering letters 2021; (11(4)):383-392 doi:10.1007/s13534-021-00203-x.

Chorioamnionitis, Inflammation and Neonatal Apnea: Effects on Preterm Neonatal Brainstem and on Peripheral Airways: Chorioamnionitis and Neonatal Respiratory Functions.

Vitaliti G, Falsaperla R

Children (Basel, Switzerland) 2021; (8(10)) doi:10.3390/children8100917.

Five-year outcomes of premature infants randomized to high or standard loading dose caffeine.

McPherson C, Lean RE, Cyr PEP, et al.

Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association 2022; (42(5)):631-635 doi:10.1038/s41372-022-01333-5.

Treating Apnea of Prematurity.

Pergolizzi J, Kraus A, Magnusson P, et al.

Cureus 2022; (14(1)):e21783 doi:10.7759/cureus.21783.

The effect of sensory stimulation on apnea of prematurity.

Abdel Mageed ASA, Olama KA, Abdel Rahman SA, El-Gazzar HE

Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences 2022; (17(2)):311-319 doi:10.1016/j.jtumed.2021.10.016.

Is Early Preventive Caffeine Safe and Effective in Premature Neonates? A Clinical Trial.

Sajjadian N, Taheri PA, Jabbari M

International journal of pediatrics 2022; (2022()):8701598 doi:10.1155/2022/8701598.

Images: Caffeine therapy for central sleep apnea, hypoxemia, and hypoventilation in a term neonate.

Shah AS, Leu RM, Shah SP, et al.

Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine 2023; (19(5)):1005-1008 doi:10.5664/jcsm.10504.

Risk factors for anemia of prematurity among 30-35-week preterm infants.

Kitaoka H, Shitara Y, Kashima K, et al.

Fukushima journal of medical science 2023; (69(2)):115-123 doi:10.5387/fms.2022-21.

Thresholds for Red Blood Cell Transfusion in Preterm Infants: Evidence to Practice.

Andersen CC, Stark MJ, Kirpalani HM

Clinics in perinatology 2023; (50(4)):763-774 doi:10.1016/j.clp.2023.07.001.

Intermittent Hypoxia in Preterm Neonates and Its Effect on Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality: A Systematic Review.

Mandala VK, Bollaboina SKY, Changala B, et al.

Cureus 2023; (15(9)):e45561 doi:10.7759/cureus.45561.

Methylxanthine for the prevention and treatment of apnea in preterm infants.

Marques KA, Bruschettini M, Roehr CC, et al.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2023; (10()):CD013830 doi:10.1002/14651858.CD013830.pub2.

Apnea of prematurity induces short and long-term development-related transcriptional changes in the murine cerebellum.

Rodriguez-Duboc A, Basille-Dugay M, Debonne A, et al.

Current research in neurobiology 2023; (5()):100113 doi:10.1016/j.crneur.2023.100113.

The Role of Erythropoietin in Preventing Anemia in the Premature Neonate.

Costescu OC, Boia ER, Boia M, et al.

Children (Basel, Switzerland) 2023; (10(12)) doi:10.3390/children10121843.

Noninvasive Ventilation.

Ramanathan R, Biniwale M

Critical care nursing clinics of North America 2024; (36(1)):51-67 doi:10.1016/j.cnc.2023.11.001.

Apnea, Intermittent Hypoxemia, and Bradycardia Events Predict Late-Onset Sepsis in Extremely Preterm Infants.

Kausch SL, Lake DE, Di Fiore JM, et al.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences 2024; doi:10.1101/2024.01.26.24301820.

Strategies for cessation of caffeine administration in preterm infants.

Urru SA, Geist M, Carlinger R, et al.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2024; (7()):CD015802 doi:10.1002/14651858.CD015802.pub2.

Association between PER and CRY gene polymorphisms and the response to caffeine citrate treatment in infants with apnea of prematurity.

Xie JB, Zhuang W, Zhu Y, et al.

Frontiers in pediatrics 2024; (12()):1414185 doi:10.3389/fped.2024.1414185.

A nomogram for predicting neonatal apnea: a retrospective analysis based on the MIMIC database.

Huang H, Shi Y, Hong Y, et al.

Frontiers in pediatrics 2024; (12()):1357972 doi:10.3389/fped.2024.1357972.

Neonatal Sepsis: Aetiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnostic Advances and Management Strategies.

Raturi A, Chandran S

Clinical medicine insights. Pediatrics 2024; (18()):11795565241281337 doi:10.1177/11795565241281337.

CPAP vs HFNC in treatment of patients with COVID-19 ARDS: A retrospective propensity-matched study.

Šitum I, Hrvoić L, Erceg A, et al.

Canadian journal of respiratory therapy : CJRT = Revue canadienne de la therapie respiratoire : RCTR 2024; (60()):164-172 doi:10.29390/001c.125145.

Apnea of Prematurity and Oxidative Stress: Potential Implications.

Thompson L, Werthammer JW, Gozal D

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) 2024; (13(11)) doi:10.3390/antiox13111304.

[Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of anemia of prematurity (2025)].

Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics 2025; (27(1)):1-17 doi:10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2407094.

Clinical efficacy of different maintenance doses of caffeine citrate in the treatment of apnea of prematurity.

Ji P, Wan Y, Yin J, et al.

Pakistan journal of medical sciences 2025; (41(2)):478-483 doi:10.12669/pjms.41.2.9692.

Central Sleep Apnea in Adults: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Diagnosis and Management-A Narrative Review.

Csipor Fodor A, Huțanu D, Budin CE, et al.

Journal of clinical medicine 2025; (14(7)) doi:10.3390/jcm14072369.

Recurrence of apnea of prematurity following early discontinuation of caffeine: A prospective analytical study.

Kumar N, Rahul A, Nandakumar A, et al.

Journal of neonatal-perinatal medicine 2026; (19(2)):215-221 doi:10.1177/19345798251380137.

Diagnostic prediction of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia combined with germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage based on cranial ultrasound hemodynamics: a retrospective case-control study.

Ye Z, Chen X, Wu D, et al.

Frontiers in medicine 2025; (12()):1606892 doi:10.3389/fmed.2025.1606892.

Definitions and monitoring methods for apnea in preterm infants: a scoping review.

Jeanne E, Lv S, Sénéchal E, et al.

Pediatric research 2026; (99(4)):1306-1315 doi:10.1038/s41390-025-04571-3.

Methylxanthines: The Major Impact of Caffeine in Clinical Practice in Patients Diagnosed with Apnea of Prematurity.

Neamțu AV, Zlatian OM, Manda CV, et al.

Journal of clinical medicine 2025; (14(23)) doi:10.3390/jcm14238417.

The utility of caffeine citrate as a neuroprotectant in the early life of premature newborns: a literature review of the effects on neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Phung L, Duong K, Obeid R

Frontiers in pediatrics 2025; (13()):1682903 doi:10.3389/fped.2025.1682903.