Research & Literature

Syringomyelia with Chiari I malformation presenting as hip charcot arthropathy: a case report and literature review.

Memarpour R, Tashtoush B, Issac L, Gonzalez-Ibarra F

Case reports in neurological medicine 2015; (2015()):487931 doi:10.1155/2015/487931.

Treatment of selected syringomyelias with syringo-pleural shunt: the experience with a consecutive 26 cases.

Fan T, Zhao X, Zhao H, et al.

Clinical neurology and neurosurgery 2015; (137()):50-6.

Management of idiopathic pediatric syringohydromyelia.

Rodriguez A, Kuhn EN, Somasundaram A, Couture DE

Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics 2015; (16(4)):452-7 doi:10.3171/2015.3.PEDS14433.

Cerebrospinal fluid velocity amplitudes within the cerebral aqueduct in healthy children and patients with Chiari I malformation.

Bapuraj JR, Londy FJ, Delavari N, et al.

Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI 2016; (44(2)):463-70 doi:10.1002/jmri.25160.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow Studies and Recent Advancements.

Kelly EJ, Yamada S

Seminars in ultrasound, CT, and MR 2016; (37(2)):92-9.

Spinal cord stimulation combined with microsurgical DREZotomy for pain due to syringomyelia.

Shu W, Li Y, Tao W, Hu Y

British journal of neurosurgery 2016; (30(5)):585-7 doi:10.3109/02688697.2016.1173187.

Syringomyelia secondary to "occult" dorsal arachnoid webs: Report of two cases with review of literature.

Sayal PP, Zafar A, Carroll TA

Journal of craniovertebral junction & spine 2016; (7(2)):101-4 doi:10.4103/0974-8237.181862.

Response to "Syringomyelia secondary to 'occult' dorsal arachnoid webs: Report of two cases with review of literature" by Sayal et al.

Srinivasan VM, Omeis I

Journal of craniovertebral junction & spine 2016; (7(3)):189 doi:10.4103/0974-8237.188416.

Cord Cystic Cavities: Syringomyelia and Prominent Central Canal.

Jones BV

Seminars in ultrasound, CT, and MR 2017; (38(2)):98-104 doi:10.1053/j.sult.2016.07.008.

Spinal column shortening for tethered cord syndrome associated with myelomeningocele, lumbosacral lipoma, and lipomyelomeningocele in children and young adults.

Aldave G, Hansen D, Hwang SW, et al.

Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics 2017; (19(6)):703-710 doi:10.3171/2017.1.PEDS16533.

Treatment of Posttubercular Syringomyelia Not Responsive to Antitubercular Therapy: Case Report and Review of Literature.

Canova G, Boaro A, Giordan E, Longatti P

Journal of neurological surgery reports 2017; (78(2)):e59-e67 doi:10.1055/s-0037-1601327.

Syringomyelia Fluid Dynamics and Cord Motion Revealed by Serendipitous Null Point Artifacts during Cine MRI.

Honey CM, Martin KW, Heran MKS

AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology 2017; (38(9)):1845-1847 doi:10.3174/ajnr.A5328.

Acquired Chiari I Malformation with Syringomyelia Secondary to Colloid Cyst with Hydrocephalus-Case Report and Review of Literature.

Thotakura AK, Marabathina NR

World neurosurgery 2017; (108()):995.e1-995.e4 doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2017.09.012.

Syrinx to Subarachnoid Shunting for Syringomyelia.

Davidson KA, Rogers JM, Stoodley MA

World neurosurgery 2018; (110()):e53-e59 doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2017.09.205.

Cervicothoracic syringomyelia caused by cervical spinal stenosis: Case report and literature review.

Badri M, Gader G, Bahri K, Zammel I

Surgical neurology international 2017; (8()):288 doi:10.4103/sni.sni_350_17.

How Should Syringomyelia be Defined and Diagnosed?

Klekamp J

World neurosurgery 2018; (111()):e729-e745 doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2017.12.156.

An Atypical Clinical Presentation of Post-traumatic Syringomyelia: A Case Report and Brief Review of the Literature.

Lodhi MU, Kuzel AR, Syed IA, Rahim M

Cureus 2017; (9(11)):e1852 doi:10.7759/cureus.1852.

Syringobulbia: A delayed complication following spinal cord injury - case report.

Mousele C, Georgiopoulos M, Constantoyannis C

The journal of spinal cord medicine 2019; (42(2)):260-264 doi:10.1080/10790268.2018.1439437.

Origin of Syrinx Fluid in Syringomyelia: A Physiological Study.

Heiss JD, Jarvis K, Smith RK, et al.

Neurosurgery 2019; (84(2)):457-468 doi:10.1093/neuros/nyy072.

Syringobulbia in pediatric patients with Chiari malformation type I.

Menezes AH, Greenlee JDW, Dlouhy BJ

Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics 2018; (22(1)):52-60.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder in the College Mental Health Setting.

Brickell CM

Current psychiatry reports 2018; (20(6)):38 doi:10.1007/s11920-018-0905-z.

Cell therapy with autologous mesenchymal stromal cells in post-traumatic syringomyelia.

Vaquero J, Zurita M, Rico MA, et al.

Cytotherapy 2018; (20(6)):796-805 doi:10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.04.006.

Syringo-subarachnoid shunt: how I do it.

Soleman J, Roth J, Constantini S

Acta neurochirurgica 2019; (161(2)):367-370 doi:10.1007/s00701-019-03810-x.

Clinical deterioration despite syringomyelia resolution after successful foramen magnum decompression for Chiari malformation - Case series.

Shetty J, Kandasamy J, Sokol D, Gallo P

European journal of paediatric neurology : EJPN : official journal of the European Paediatric Neurology Society 2019; (23(2)):333-337 doi:10.1016/j.ejpn.2019.01.003.

Signs consistent with syringobulbia may be detected in dogs undergoing MRI.

Williamson B, Davies E, Epperly E, et al.

Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association 2019; (60(4)):390-399 doi:10.1111/vru.12733.

Assessing Spinal Cord Injury Area in Patients with Tethered Cord Syndrome by Diffusion Tensor Imaging.

Wang H, Li X, Wang Y, et al.

World neurosurgery 2019; (127()):e542-e547 doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2019.03.195.

Syringobulbia in Patients with Chiari Malformation Type I: A Systematic Review.

Shen J, Shen J, Huang K, et al.

BioMed research international 2019; (2019()):4829102 doi:10.1155/2019/4829102.

Endoscopic Endonasal Approach for Urgent Decompression of Craniovertebral Junction in Syringobulbia.

Pacca P, Marengo N, Di Perna G, et al.

World neurosurgery 2019; (130()):499-505 doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2019.07.004.

Chiari I malformation in children-the natural history.

Chatrath A, Marino A, Taylor D, et al.

Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 2019; (35(10)):1793-1799 doi:10.1007/s00381-019-04310-0.

Imaging of cerebrospinal fluid flow: fundamentals, techniques, and clinical applications of phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging.

Korbecki A, Zimny A, Podgórski P, et al.

Polish journal of radiology 2019; (84()):e240-e250 doi:10.5114/pjr.2019.86881.

Chiari malformation and syringomyelia.

Holly LT, Batzdorf U

Journal of neurosurgery. Spine 2019; (31(5)):619-628 doi:10.3171/2019.7.SPINE181139.

Chiari malformation and types of basilar invagination with/without syringomyelia.

de Oliveira Filho ÍT, Romero PC, Fontoura EAF, Botelho RV

Surgical neurology international 2019; (10()):206 doi:10.25259/SNI_469_2019.

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) inhibit apoptosis of spinal cord cells in a kaolin-induced syringomyelia-associated scoliosis rabbit model.

Zhao Z, Xu W, Xie J, et al.

International journal of clinical and experimental pathology 2018; (11(4)):1890-1899.

Surgical Management of Intramedullary Spinal Cord Tumors.

Hussain I, Parker WE, Barzilai O, Bilsky MH

Neurosurgery clinics of North America 2020; (31(2)):237-249 doi:10.1016/j.nec.2019.12.004.

Silent post-traumatic syringomyelia and syringobulbia.

Scivoletto G, Masciullo M, Pichiorri F, Molinari M

Spinal cord series and cases 2020; (6(1)):15 doi:10.1038/s41394-020-0264-y.

Radiographic assessment of surgical treatment of post-traumatic syringomyelia.

Li YD, Therasse C, Kesavabhotla K, et al.

The journal of spinal cord medicine 2021; (44(6)):861-869 doi:10.1080/10790268.2020.1743086.

Surgical outcomes by sectioning a filum terminale in patients with terminal syringomyelia.

Ishisaka E, Usami K, Ogiwara H

Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 2020; (36(12)):3035-3039 doi:10.1007/s00381-020-04615-5.

MINIMALLY INVASIVE TREATMENT OF IDIOPATHIC SYRINGOMYELIA USING MYRINGOTOMY T-TUBES: A CASE REPORT AND TECHNICAL NOTE.

Jugović D, Bošnjak R, Rotim K, Feigl GC

Acta clinica Croatica 2020; (59(1)):177-182 doi:10.20471/acc.2020.59.01.23.

Rapid Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Spine in Neonates with Spinal Dysraphism.

Khalatbari H, Perez FA, Lee A, Shaw DWW

World neurosurgery 2020; (144()):e648-e659 doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2020.09.013.

Early Development of Syringomyelia after Spinal Cord Injury: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Miyao Y, Sasaki M, Taketsuna S, et al.

NMC case report journal 2020; (7(4)):217-221 doi:10.2176/nmccrj.cr.2019-0297.

Development of pre-syrinx state and syringomyelia following a minor injury: a case report.

Kleindienst A, Engelhorn T, Roeckelein V, Buchfelder M

Journal of medical case reports 2020; (14(1)):223 doi:10.1186/s13256-020-02568-6.

Long-term outcomes for children with an incidentally discovered Chiari malformation type 1: what is the clinical significance?

Davidson L, Phan TN, Myseros JS, et al.

Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 2021; (37(4)):1191-1197 doi:10.1007/s00381-020-04980-1.

Reintervention rate of arachnolysis versus shunting for nonforaminal syringomyelia.

Guillaumet G, Aghakhani N, Morar S, et al.

Journal of neurosurgery. Spine 2021; (34(4)):673-679 doi:10.3171/2020.8.SPINE20928.

Specific microstructural changes of the cervical spinal cord in syringomyelia estimated by diffusion tensor imaging.

Wu W, Li X, Yang Z, et al.

Scientific reports 2021; (11(1)):5111 doi:10.1038/s41598-021-84164-2.

Pulsatile cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in Chiari I malformation syringomyelia: Predictive value in posterior fossa decompression and insights into the syringogenesis.

Luzzi S, Giotta Lucifero A, Elsawaf Y, et al.

Journal of craniovertebral junction & spine 2021; (12(1)):15-25 doi:10.4103/jcvjs.JCVJS_42_20.

[Acute Traumatic Central Cord Syndrome: Etiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestation, and Treatment].

Tosic L, Voglis S, Bellut D, et al.

Praxis 2021; (110(6)):324-335 doi:10.1024/1661-8157/a003659.

Chronic Pain Secondary to a Cervical Intramedullary Ependymoma: A Case Report.

Atoot A, Ha C, Abul-Huda M, et al.

Cureus 2021; (13(12)):e20277 doi:10.7759/cureus.20277.

Complications and outcomes of posterior fossa decompression with duraplasty versus without duraplasty for pediatric patients with Chiari malformation type I and syringomyelia: a study from the Park-Reeves Syringomyelia Research Consortium.

Akbari SHA, Yahanda AT, Ackerman LL, et al.

Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics 2022; (30(1)):39-51 doi:10.3171/2022.2.PEDS21446.

Ruptured Spinal Dermoid Cysts with Lipid Droplets into the Syrinx Cavity : Reports of Fourteen Cases.

Cheng C, Li R, Gao H, et al.

Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society 2022; (65(3)):430-438 doi:10.3340/jkns.2021.0159.

Chiari Type 1 malformation: CSF flow dynamics and morphology in the posterior fossa and craniocervical junction and correlation of these findings with syrinx formation.

Yilmaz TF, Toprak H, Sari L, et al.

Neuro-Chirurgie 2022; (68(6)):595-600 doi:10.1016/j.neuchi.2022.06.001.

Spontaneous syrinx resolution in patient with Chiari I malformation: illustrative case.

Gallo E, Rahmathulla G, Rao D, et al.

Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons 2021; (1(26)):CASE21236 doi:10.3171/CASE21236.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow Analysis in Tuberculous Meningitis Using Phase Contrast Technique on 3 Tesla MRI: A New Paradigm and Our Initial Experience.

Ashta A, Prakash A, Dixit R, Kumar N

Neurology India 2022; (70(3)):1025-1031 doi:10.4103/0028-3886.349627.

Chronic relapsing ascending myelopathy: a treatable progressive neurological syndrome following traumatic spinal cord injury.

Visagan R, Bandi S, Robinson L, et al.

British journal of neurosurgery 2022; (36(6)):792-795 doi:10.1080/02688697.2022.2102146.

Active Conservative Management of Primary Spinal Syringomyelia: A Scoping Review and Perspectives for an Activity-based Clinical Approach.

Olsson L, Antepohl W, Ravn SL

Journal of rehabilitation medicine 2022; (54()):jrm00322 doi:10.2340/jrm.v54.2398.

Spinal arachnoiditis and syringomyelia: Review of literature with emphasis on postinfectious inflammation and treatment.

Nadeem SF, Baig AN, Tariq QUA, Shamim MS

Surgical neurology international 2022; (13()):299 doi:10.25259/SNI_383_2022.

Chronological Progression and Management of Syringobulbia Caused by Spinal Hemangioblastoma: A Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Tsuchiya T, Takami H, Yoshimoto S, et al.

World neurosurgery 2022; (167()):e127-e136 doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2022.07.118.

Spontaneous resolution of syringomyelia following pregnancy and parturition in a patient with type I chiari malformation: A case and systematic review.

Kilgore MD, Mathkour M, Dunn RH, et al.

Clinical neurology and neurosurgery 2022; (222()):107413 doi:10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107413.

Spinal cord stimulator for the treatment of central neuropathic pain secondary to cervical syringomyelia: illustrative case.

Schatmeyer BA, Dodin R, Kinsman M, Garcia D

Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons 2022; (4(6)).

Phenotypes and Prognostic Factors of Syringomyelia in Single-Center Patients With Chiari I Malformation: Moniliform Type as a Special Configuration.

Lu C, Ma L, Yuan C, et al.

Neurospine 2022; (19(3)):816-827 doi:10.14245/ns.2244332.166.

Novelty in Impact of Neurorehabilitation in a Classic Case of Syringomyelia.

Gade SP, Harjpal P, Kovela RK

Cureus 2022; (14(9)):e29126 doi:10.7759/cureus.29126.

A Clinical Study on the Treatment of Recurrent Chiari (Type I) Malformation with Syringomyelia Based on the Dynamics of Cerebrospinal Fluid.

Lou Y, Yang J, Gu H, et al.

BioMed research international 2022; (2022()):9770323 doi:10.1155/2022/9770323.

Posterior Fossa Decompression with or Without Duraplasty for Chiari I Malformation.

Yahanda AT, Limbrick DD

Neurosurgery clinics of North America 2023; (34(1)):105-111 doi:10.1016/j.nec.2022.08.008.

Imaging in Chiari I Malformation.

Pindrik J, McAllister AS, Jones JY

Neurosurgery clinics of North America 2023; (34(1)):67-79 doi:10.1016/j.nec.2022.08.006.

Case of Syringomyelia Associated with Ossified Yellow Ligament and Arachnoid Web.

Bamba Y, Fukunaga T, Umegaki M, et al.

NMC case report journal 2022; (9()):365-369 doi:10.2176/jns-nmc.2022-0143.

Rare Radiographic Changes in a Cervicomedullary Spinal Ependymoma After Biopsy and Drainage of an Intratumoral Cyst: A Staged Approach.

Wassef CE, Holloway MR, Silberstein H

Cureus 2023; (15(1)):e34017 doi:10.7759/cureus.34017.

Single-cell transcriptomics reveals ependymal subtypes related to cytoskeleton dynamics as the core driver of syringomyelia pathological development.

Lu C, Wu X, Wang X, et al.

iScience 2023; (26(6)):106850 doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.106850.

Neglected cervical meningocele in an adult: illustrative case.

Rahimizadeh A, Ahmadi SA, Mohammadi Moghadam A, et al.

Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons 2023; (5(23)).

Resolution of a Focal Pruritic Rash Following Neurosurgical Decompression in an Adolescent With Chiari I and Syringomyelia.

Hauser Chatterjee J, Boos MD, Shaw DW, et al.

Pediatric neurology 2023; (145()):115-118 doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2023.05.009.

Conventional and Advanced Imaging of Spinal Cord Tumors.

Shah LM, Salzman KL

Neuroimaging clinics of North America 2023; (33(3)):389-406 doi:10.1016/j.nic.2023.03.001.

Surgical management of syringomyelia associated with spinal arachnoid web: strategies and outcomes.

Adib SD, Schittenhelm J, Kurucz P, et al.

Neurosurgical review 2023; (46(1)):152 doi:10.1007/s10143-023-02071-8.

Spontaneous improvement in syringomyelia in a patient with Chiari 1 malformation: illustrative case.

Ozturk O, Cındıl E, Emmez H, et al.

Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons 2023; (6(3)).

Hypothesis on the pathophysiology of syringomyelia based on analysis of phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging of Chiari-I malformation patients.

Chang HS

F1000Research 2021; (10()):996 doi:10.12688/f1000research.72823.2.

Coronavirus disease 2019-associated persistent cough and Chiari malformation type I resulting in acute respiratory failure: illustrative case.

Piscopo AJ, Teferi N, Marincovich A, et al.

Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons 2023; (6(25)).

The Physiological Occlusion of the Central Canal May Be a Prerequisite for Syringomyelia Formation.

Jiang C, Wang X, Lu C, et al.

Neurospine 2023; (20(4)):1346-1357 doi:10.14245/ns.2346834.417.

Direction-selective Resistance to Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow as the Cause of Syringomyelia.

Chang HS

Neurologia medico-chirurgica 2024; (64(2)):93-99 doi:10.2176/jns-nmc.2023-0149.

Investigating post-traumatic syringomyelia and local fluid osmoregulation via a rat model.

Pukale DD, Adkins-Travis K, Aryal SR, et al.

Fluids and barriers of the CNS 2024; (21(1)):19 doi:10.1186/s12987-024-00514-y.

Evaluation and Treatment of Patients with Small Posterior Cranial Fossa and Chiari Malformation, Types 0 and 1.

Bogdanov EI, Heiss JD

Advances and technical standards in neurosurgery 2024; (50()):307-334 doi:10.1007/978-3-031-53578-9_11.

Cervical syringomyelia associated with cervical disc disease.

Celal Iplikçioğlu A, Latifaci I, Karabağ H

Ideggyogyaszati szemle 2024; (77(7-8)):273-280 doi:10.18071/isz.77.0273.

Optimizing Therapeutic Strategies for Syringomyelia Associated with Tethered Cord Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review.

Mosleh MM, Sohn MJ

Children (Basel, Switzerland) 2024; (11(8)) doi:10.3390/children11080961.

Case report: CSF hypotension secondary to a free syringo-subarachnoid-peritoneal shunt.

Johnson AR, Rugilo CA, Argañaraz RA

Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 2024; (40(12)):4365-4368 doi:10.1007/s00381-024-06613-3.

Holocord syringomyelia caused by tethered cord syndrome: case report and literature review.

Zheng L, Liao Z, Duan H

BMC neurology 2024; (24(1)):439 doi:10.1186/s12883-024-03951-2.

Treatment of Terminal Syrinx With a Syringo-Subarachnoid Shunt and the Novel Use of a Titanium Knot Fastener: A Case Report.

Furst T, Allegakoen J, Jalal MI, et al.

Cureus 2024; (16(11)):e73440 doi:10.7759/cureus.73440.

Phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging-based predictive modelling for surgical outcomes in patients with Chiari malformation type 1 with syringomyelia: a machine learning study.

Wang H, Lu L, Fan B, Xiao X

Clinical radiology 2025; (83()):106829 doi:10.1016/j.crad.2025.106829.

Ependymal cilia decline and AQP4 upregulation in young adult rats with syringomyelia.

Ma L, Liu S, Yao Q, et al.

Fluids and barriers of the CNS 2025; (22(1)):21 doi:10.1186/s12987-025-00631-2.

TNF-α mediates activation of neuronal necroptotic signaling in rat with syringomyelia.

Li J, Cui S, Li Y, et al.

Experimental neurology 2025; (388()):115214 doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2025.115214.

Natural history of Chiari I malformation-syringomyelia: longitudinal cohort study.

Yuan C, Du Y, Yao Q, et al.

Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry 2025; (96(12)):1204-1214 doi:10.1136/jnnp-2025-336023.

Dynamic transition from spinal arachnoid diverticulum to syringohydromyelia in a cat: Correlation between computed tomography myelography and magnetic resonance imaging.

Nakata K, Matsuno M, Komatsu M, et al.

Open veterinary journal 2025; (15(10)):5373-5382 doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i10.55.

Paediatric isolated foot drop-a rare presentation of Chiari 1 malformation with holocord syrinx (case report and the review of literature).

Schwab J, McConnell R

Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 2025; (41(1)):371 doi:10.1007/s00381-025-07012-y.

Early-Onset Syringomyelia: A Rare Complication of TB Meningitis.

Adhikarla AK, Terry R, Ghrew M, Mohanraj R

Cureus 2025; (17(10)):e95122 doi:10.7759/cureus.95122.

A Conservative Approach to Clinical Management of Syringomyelia.

Schindel KM, Bustos S, Villate Prieto S

Cureus 2025; (17(11)):e96661 doi:10.7759/cureus.96661.

Dual Vascular Insult of Fibrocartilaginous Embolism and Intercostal Artery Dissection Causing Anterior Spinal Artery Infarction in a 14-Year-Old.

J S, Krishnan P, M A

Cureus 2025; (17(12)):e98871 doi:10.7759/cureus.98871.

Posterior Fossa Decompression Versus Syringo-Subarachnoid Shunt for Chiari I-associated Syringomyelia: A Systematic Review.

Alzain A, Halabieh S, Hamoud W, et al.

Cureus 2025; (17(12)):e99276 doi:10.7759/cureus.99276.

Chiari Malformation Type I: A Review of Pathophysiology, Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow Dynamics, Diagnosis, Surgical Management, and Its Relationship to Syringomyelia.

Alhosani MS, Gachechiladze S

Cureus 2026; (18(1)):e101226 doi:10.7759/cureus.101226.