Research & Literature

Diagnosis of Leptospirosis: Comparison between Microscopic Agglutination Test, IgM-ELISA and IgM Rapid Immunochromatography Test.

Niloofa R, Fernando N, de Silva NL, et al.

PloS one 2015; (10(6)):e0129236 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0129236.

Leptospirosis in animals and human contacts in Egypt: broad range surveillance.

Samir A, Soliman R, El-Hariri M, et al.

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 2015; (48(3)):272-7.

Combined antibody and DNA detection for early diagnosis of leptospirosis after a disaster.

Iwasaki H, Chagan-Yasutan H, Leano PS, et al.

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease 2016; (84(4)):287-91.

Leptospirosis Presenting with Rapidly Progressing Acute Renal Failure and Conjugated Hyperbilirubinemia: A Case Report.

Pothuri P, Ahuja K, Kumar V, et al.

The American journal of case reports 2016; (17()):567-9 doi:10.12659/ajcr.897741.

Case report: Weil's disease with multiple organ failure in a child living in dengue endemic area.

Lokida D, Budiman A, Pawitro UE, et al.

BMC research notes 2016; (9(1)):407 doi:10.1186/s13104-016-2210-4.

Molecular diagnostics for human leptospirosis.

Waggoner JJ, Pinsky BA

Current opinion in infectious diseases 2016; (29(5)):440-5 doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000295.

Use of Aminocaproic Acid in Combination With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in a Case of Leptospirosis Pulmonary Hemorrhage Syndrome.

Pardinas M, Mendirichaga R, Budhrani G, et al.

Clinical medicine insights. Circulatory, respiratory and pulmonary medicine 2017; (11()):1179548416686068 doi:10.1177/1179548416686068.

[Gastrointestinal bleeding and acute hepatic failure by leptospirosis: an entity that should not be forgotten].

Alventosa Mateu C, Plana Campos L, Larrey Ruíz L, et al.

Revista de gastroenterologia del Peru : organo oficial de la Sociedad de Gastroenterologia del Peru 2017; (37(1)):96-99.

Quantification of pathogenic Leptospira in the soils of a Brazilian urban slum.

Schneider AG, Casanovas-Massana A, Hacker KP, et al.

PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2018; (12(4)):e0006415 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0006415.

Challenges in the diagnosis of leptospirosis outwith endemic settings: a Scottish single centre experience.

Russell CD, Jones ME, O'Shea DT, et al.

The journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh 2018; (48(1)):9-15 doi:10.4997/JRCPE.2018.102.

Draft Genome Sequence of Brazilian Leptospira interrogans Serovar Pomona Strain GR5, Isolated from Apparently Healthy Gilt.

Moreno LZ, Miraglia F, de Oliveira CH, et al.

Genome announcements 2018; (6(23)) doi:10.1128/genomeA.00491-18.

An outbreak of leptospirosis among kayakers in Brittany, North-West France, 2016.

Guillois Y, Bourhy P, Ayral F, et al.

Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin 2018; (23(48)) doi:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.48.1700848.

A case of leptospirosis with acute respiratory failure and acute kidney injury treated with simultaneous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and haemoperfusion.

Chavez JR, Danguilan RA, Arakama MI, et al.

BMJ case reports 2019; (12(5)) doi:10.1136/bcr-2019-229582.

Bovine macrophages responses to the infection with virulent and attenuated Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona.

Nagel A, Vázquez CL, Etulain J, et al.

Veterinary microbiology 2019; (233()):124-132 doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.04.033.

Leptospira infection in rats: A literature review of global prevalence and distribution.

Boey K, Shiokawa K, Rajeev S

PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2019; (13(8)):e0007499 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0007499.

Sub-internal limiting membrane hemorrhage associated with Weil's disease.

Alvarez-Torres E, Acaba LA, Berrocal MH

American journal of ophthalmology case reports 2019; (16()):100546 doi:10.1016/j.ajoc.2019.100546.

An Unusual Presentation of Weil's Disease.

Pal S

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 2019; (67(7)):86-88.

Liver Transplantation for Acute Liver Failure Attributed to Leptospirosis: A Report of Two Cases.

Lebreton T, Aubrun F, Mabrut JY, et al.

Case reports in critical care 2019; (2019()):5189542 doi:10.1155/2019/5189542.

Pulmonary haemorrhage in Weil's disease.

Boertjes E, Hillebrand S, Bins JE, Oswald L

BMJ case reports 2020; (13(1)) doi:10.1136/bcr-2018-227570.

Leptospirosis is an invasive infectious and systemic inflammatory disease.

Sun AH, Liu XX, Yan J

Biomedical journal 2020; (43(1)):24-31 doi:10.1016/j.bj.2019.12.002.

Leptospira interrogans  and Leptospira kirschneri are the dominant Leptospira species causing human leptospirosis in Central Malaysia.

Philip N, Bahtiar Affendy N, Ramli SNA, et al.

PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2020; (14(3)):e0008197 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008197.

Leptospira Infections in Domestic and Wild Animals.

Cilia G, Bertelloni F, Fratini F

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) 2020; (9(7)) doi:10.3390/pathogens9070573.

Circulating genotypes of Leptospira in French Polynesia : An 9-year molecular epidemiology surveillance follow-up study.

Grillová L, Angermeier H, Levy M, et al.

PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2020; (14(9)):e0008662 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008662.

Serological and molecular study of Leptospira in pediatric patients at a tertiary care centre of northern India.

Jahan A, Bhargava P, Kalyan RK, et al.

Indian journal of medical microbiology 2021; (39(2)):245-248 doi:10.1016/j.ijmmb.2021.03.010.

Draft Genome Sequences of Four Different Strains Belonging to Leptospira interrogans Serovar Pomona Isolated from Mammals in the Island of Sardinia, Italy.

Piredda I, Scarpa F, Sanna D, et al.

Microbiology resource announcements 2021; (10(38)):e0069821 doi:10.1128/MRA.00698-21.

Understanding the Renal Fibrotic Process in Leptospirosis.

Prado LG, Barbosa AS

International journal of molecular sciences 2021; (22(19)) doi:10.3390/ijms221910779.

Laboratory diagnostic, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics of human leptospirosis in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, 2003-2020.

Kakita T, Okano S, Kyan H, et al.

PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2021; (15(12)):e0009993 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0009993.

Leptospirosis: clinical aspects.

Rajapakse S

Clinical medicine (London, England) 2022; (22(1)):14-17 doi:10.7861/clinmed.2021-0784.

Analysis of human clinical and environmental Leptospira to elucidate the eco-epidemiology of leptospirosis in Yaeyama, subtropical Japan.

Sato Y, Hermawan I, Kakita T, et al.

PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2022; (16(3)):e0010234 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0010234.

A Patient with Severe Leptospirosis Treated with Cytokine Removal and High-Dose Corticosteroids.

Fluher J, Cestar I, Jerenec K, et al.

Infectious disease reports 2022; (14(5)):635-640 doi:10.3390/idr14050068.

Long-Term Outcome of Leptospirosis Infection with Acute Kidney Injury.

Chang CH, Sun WC, Chang SW, et al.

Biomedicines 2022; (10(10)) doi:10.3390/biomedicines10102338.

Workplace- and Residence-Associated Leptospirosis: A Case Report and Review of Current Literature.

Shaban L, Toz B, Ramdass A

Cureus 2022; (14(10)):e29879 doi:10.7759/cureus.29879.

Long-term kidney outcomes after leptospirosis: a prospective multicentre cohort study in Thailand.

Phannajit J, Lertussavavivat T, Limothai U, et al.

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association 2023; (38(10)):2182-2191 doi:10.1093/ndt/gfad030.

A Case of Imported Leptospirosis: Rhabdomyolysis and Severe Hyperbilirubinemia in a Traveler Returning From Puerto Rico.

Garcia M, Gopalakrishna KV

Cureus 2023; (15(2)):e34690 doi:10.7759/cureus.34690.

Incidence of acute pancreatitis among patients with leptospirosis requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO): a descriptive study.

Madrigal TPR, Panlilio MTT, Burog AILD, et al.

BMJ open gastroenterology 2023; (10(1)) doi:10.1136/bmjgast-2022-001094.

Transcriptome landscape reveals the chronic inflammatory response in kidneys affected by the combinatory effect of leptospirosis and nephrotoxic injury.

Chou LF, Huang CW, Yang HY, et al.

Genomics 2023; (115(3)):110624 doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110624.

A rare case of Weil's disease with acute pancreatitis and acute kidney injury: focus on management - a case report.

Hutajulu RB, Bramantono B, Rusli M, et al.

Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) 2023; (85(4)):1188-1193 doi:10.1097/MS9.0000000000000387.

Case Report: Leptospirosis Complicated by Persistent, Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

Campbell S, Stewart J, Quail G, et al.

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2023; (109(6)):1238-1241 doi:10.4269/ajtmh.23-0100.

Leptospirosis Cases among Outpatients with Non-Malaria Fever Attending Primary Care Clinics during the Rainy Season in Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.

Zida S, Kania D, Bolloré K, et al.

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2024; (110(1)):127-132 doi:10.4269/ajtmh.23-0044.

Deeply jaundiced: Not so surgical after all.

du Plessis WP, Lahri S, Somers K, Lovelock T

Southern African journal of infectious diseases 2023; (38(1)):559 doi:10.4102/sajid.v38i1.559.

Severe Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction (JHR) in a leptospirosis patient: A case report.

Zhao RY, Liu MD, Lin YX, Huang L

Heliyon 2024; (10(3)):e24538 doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24538.

Unmasking the Enigma of Weil's Disease: A Case Report.

Yalcin Y, Kamel I, Singh H

Cureus 2024; (16(2)):e55124 doi:10.7759/cureus.55124.

Efficacy and safety of antibiotics for treatment of leptospirosis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Ji Z, Jian M, Su X, et al.

Systematic reviews 2024; (13(1)):108 doi:10.1186/s13643-024-02519-y.

Weil's disease in a temperate climate: diagnostic uncertainty and the importance of prompt antibiotic treatment.

Arberry J, Williams S, Abbas M

BMJ case reports 2024; (17(7)) doi:10.1136/bcr-2024-261771.

Severe Leptospirosis with Acute Kidney Injury: A Case Description and Literature Review.

Daschner C, Schübler AS, Jung M, et al.

Nephron 2024; (148(11-12)):832-839 doi:10.1159/000540300.

Acute Calculous Cholecystitis Associated with Leptospirosis: Which is the Emergency? A Case Report and Literature Review.

Moriczi R, Muresan MG, Neagoe R, et al.

Journal of critical care medicine (Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie din Targu-Mures) 2024; (10(3)):271-278 doi:10.2478/jccm-2024-0033.

Complexities of Severe Leptospirosis: A Case With Acute Hypoxic Respiratory Failure, Acute Kidney Injury, and Hyponatremia.

Maqbool H, Memon W

Cureus 2024; (16(8)):e66027 doi:10.7759/cureus.66027.

Under-Reporting of Human Leptospirosis Cases in Cities of Triângulo Mineiro, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Franco MB, Gomes LR, Rostkwoska C, et al.

Tropical medicine and infectious disease 2024; (9(10)) doi:10.3390/tropicalmed9100229.

Evaluation of Serological Tests for Different Disease Stages of Leptospirosis Infection in Humans.

Rodríguez-Rodriguez VC, Castro AM, Soto-Florez R, et al.

Tropical medicine and infectious disease 2024; (9(11)) doi:10.3390/tropicalmed9110283.

Etioepidemiological and Laboratory Profile of Tropical Fever in Patients Presenting With Acute Febrile Illness in Wardha District in Central India: An Observational Study.

Agrawal S, Khan M, Hamdulay KF, et al.

Cureus 2025; (17(1)):e77861 doi:10.7759/cureus.77861.

Diagnostic Advances in Leptospirosis: A Comparative Analysis of Paraclinical Tests with a Focus on PCR.

Ciurariu E, Prodan-Barbulescu C, Mateescu DM, et al.

Microorganisms 2025; (13(3)) doi:10.3390/microorganisms13030667.

Through the Haze of Hemorrhage: Unraveling Leptospirosis With Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage.

Vasireddy M, Logithasan N, Senthil N, et al.

Cureus 2025; (17(4)):e82006 doi:10.7759/cureus.82006.

Immediate or delayed initiation of renal replacement therapy in patients with leptospirosis and acute kidney injury: a target trial emulation.

Julien M, Rafat C, Raffray L, et al.

Annals of intensive care 2025; (15(1)):65 doi:10.1186/s13613-025-01477-5.

Weil's Disease with Multi-Organ Dysfunction: A Diagnostic Challenge.

Vivero-Tellez D, Contreras-Ortíz JA, Flores-Martínez E, Gracia-Ramos AE

Clinical medicine & research 2025; (23(1)):26-31 doi:10.3121/cmr.2025.1963.

Epidemiological changes in the incidence of human leptospirosis in Thailand: Findings from the National Disease Surveillance System from 2013 to 2022.

Sawangpol C, Aimyong N, Phosri A

Infectious diseases now 2025; (55(6)):105108 doi:10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105108.

Extracorporeal Life Support for Severe Leptospirosis: Case Series and Narrative Review.

Milovanovic L, Singh G, Townsend D, et al.

Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada 2024; (9(3)):173-182 doi:10.3138/jammi-2023-0033.

A case of severe leptospirosis complicated with massive rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury: a case report.

Badri M, Sheikhdavoodi N, Nikkhahi F, et al.

Journal of medical case reports 2025; (19(1)):316 doi:10.1186/s13256-025-05378-w.

Distinguishing Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction From Septic Shock in Leptospirosis Patients: A Case Study.

Hotta K, Maruyama T, Ito T, et al.

The American journal of case reports 2025; (26()):e947704 doi:10.12659/AJCR.947704.

Factors associated with the presence of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies in persons experiencing homelessness in Brazil.

Greca Junior H, Machado CD, Kmetiuk LB, et al.

Frontiers in public health 2025; (13()):1596684 doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1596684.

A Challenging Case of Weil's Syndrome in New York City: A Short Review of the Renal Pathophysiology and Diagnosis of Leptospirosis.

Lwin YM, Soe TT, Azhar M, et al.

Cureus 2025; (17(7)):e88552 doi:10.7759/cureus.88552.

Anti-inflammatory cytokine profile and Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction in Leptospirosis patients: A prospective case-series study in New Caledonia.

Cagliero J, Loarec A, Lebon J, et al.

PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2025; (19(9)):e0013189 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0013189.

Comparative analysis of acute kidney injury in tropical infections: A retrospective cohort study.

Surya Prakash T, Janardhanan JJ, Kamat N, Ram R

Tropical doctor 2026; (56(1)):16-20 doi:10.1177/00494755251384756.

Seroprevalence and carrier status of Leptospira spp. in rats captured in the central northern region of Algeria.

Lekhal L, Amara Korba A, Ghalmi F

Iranian journal of veterinary research 2025; (26(2)):123-129 doi:10.22099/ijvr.2025.51165.7583.

In vivo dual RNA-Seq uncovers key effectors of epithelial barrier disruption by an extracellular pathogen.

Giraud-Gatineau A, Haustant G, Monot M, et al.

Nature communications 2026; (17(1)).

Leptospirosis-associated pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome: immune mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and experimental models.

Silva LRD, Carneiro MC, Lorga ACM, et al.

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo 2026; (68()):e9 doi:10.1590/S1678-9946202668009.

Factors Associated with the Prevalence of Dengue-Leptospirosis Coinfection in Patients Hospitalized for Febrile Syndrome.

Bance-Anicama DI, Diaz-Orihuela MM, Diaz-Orihuela LM, Morales-García WC

Tropical medicine and infectious disease 2026; (11(2)) doi:10.3390/tropicalmed11020050.